from hachoir.core.endian import BIG_ENDIAN, LITTLE_ENDIAN, MIDDLE_ENDIAN
from hachoir.core.error import info
from hachoir.core.log import Logger
from hachoir.core.bits import str2long
from hachoir.core.i18n import getTerminalCharset
from hachoir.core.tools import lowerBound
from hachoir.core.tools import alignValue
from errno import ESPIPE
from weakref import ref as weakref_ref
from hachoir.stream import StreamError


class InputStreamError(StreamError):
    pass


class ReadStreamError(InputStreamError):

    def __init__(self, size, address, got=None):
        self.size = size
        self.address = address
        self.got = got
        if self.got is not None:
            msg = "Can't read %u bits at address %u (got %u bits)" % (
                self.size, self.address, self.got)
        else:
            msg = "Can't read %u bits at address %u" % (
                self.size, self.address)
        InputStreamError.__init__(self, msg)


class NullStreamError(InputStreamError):

    def __init__(self, source):
        self.source = source
        msg = "Input size is nul (source='%s')!" % self.source
        InputStreamError.__init__(self, msg)


class FileFromInputStream:
    _offset = 0
    _from_end = False

    def __init__(self, stream):
        self.stream = stream
        self._setSize(stream.askSize(self))

    def _setSize(self, size):
        if size is None:
            self._size = size
        elif size % 8:
            raise InputStreamError("Invalid size")
        else:
            self._size = size // 8

    def tell(self):
        if self._from_end:
            while self._size is None:
                self.stream._feed(max(self.stream._current_size << 1, 1 << 16))
            self._from_end = False
            self._offset += self._size
        return self._offset

    def seek(self, pos, whence=0):
        if whence == 0:
            self._from_end = False
            self._offset = pos
        elif whence == 1:
            self._offset += pos
        elif whence == 2:
            self._from_end = True
            self._offset = pos
        else:
            raise ValueError("seek() second argument must be 0, 1 or 2")

    def read(self, size=None):
        def read(address, size):
            shift, data, missing = self.stream.read(8 * address, 8 * size)
            if shift:
                raise InputStreamError("TODO: handle non-byte-aligned data")
            return data
        if self._size or size is not None and not self._from_end:
            # We don't want self.tell() to read anything
            # and the size must be known if we read until the end.
            pos = self.tell()
            if size is None or (self._size is not None and self._size < pos + size):
                size = self._size - pos
            if size <= 0:
                return ''
            data = read(pos, size)
            self._offset += len(data)
            return data
        elif self._from_end:
            # TODO: not tested
            max_size = - self._offset
            if size is None or max_size < size:
                size = max_size
            if size <= 0:
                return ''
            data = '', ''
            self._offset = max(
                0, self.stream._current_size // 8 + self._offset)
            self._from_end = False
            bs = max(max_size, 1 << 16)
            while True:
                d = read(self._offset, bs)
                data = data[1], d
                self._offset += len(d)
                if self._size:
                    bs = self._size - self._offset
                    if not bs:
                        data = data[0] + data[1]
                        d = len(data) - max_size
                        return data[d:d + size]
        else:
            # TODO: not tested
            data = []
            size = 1 << 16
            while True:
                d = read(self._offset, size)
                data.append(d)
                self._offset += len(d)
                if self._size:
                    size = self._size - self._offset
                    if not size:
                        return ''.join(data)


class InputStream(Logger):
    _set_size = None
    _current_size = 0

    def __init__(self, source=None, size=None, packets=None, **args):
        self.source = source
        self._size = size   # in bits
        if size == 0:
            raise NullStreamError(source)
        self.tags = tuple(args.get("tags", tuple()))
        self.packets = packets

    def close(self):
        raise NotImplementedError

    def __enter__(self):
        return self

    def __exit__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.close()

    def askSize(self, client):
        if self._size != self._current_size:
            if self._set_size is None:
                self._set_size = []
            self._set_size.append(weakref_ref(client))
        return self._size

    def _setSize(self, size=None):
        assert self._size is None or self._current_size <= self._size
        if self._size != self._current_size:
            self._size = self._current_size
            if not self._size:
                raise NullStreamError(self.source)
            if self._set_size:
                for client in self._set_size:
                    client = client()
                    if client:
                        client._setSize(self._size)
                del self._set_size

    size = property(lambda self: self._size, doc="Size of the stream in bits")
    checked = property(lambda self: self._size == self._current_size)

    def sizeGe(self, size, const=False):
        if self._current_size >= size:
            return True
        elif self._size is not None and 0 < self._size < size:
            return False
        else:
            return not const and not self._feed(size)

    def _feed(self, size):
        return self.read(size - 1, 1)[2]

    def read(self, address, size):
        """
        Read 'size' bits at position 'address' (in bits)
        from the beginning of the stream.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    def readBits(self, address, nbits, endian):
        assert endian in (BIG_ENDIAN, LITTLE_ENDIAN, MIDDLE_ENDIAN)

        if endian is MIDDLE_ENDIAN:
            # read an aligned chunk of words
            wordaddr, remainder = divmod(address, 16)
            wordnbits = alignValue(remainder + nbits, 16)
            _, data, missing = self.read(wordaddr * 16, wordnbits)
            shift = remainder
        else:
            shift, data, missing = self.read(address, nbits)
        if missing:
            raise ReadStreamError(nbits, address)
        value = str2long(data, endian)
        if endian in (BIG_ENDIAN, MIDDLE_ENDIAN):
            value >>= len(data) * 8 - shift - nbits
        else:
            value >>= shift
        return value & (1 << nbits) - 1

    def readInteger(self, address, signed, nbits, endian):
        """ Read an integer number """
        value = self.readBits(address, nbits, endian)

        # Signe number. Example with nbits=8:
        # if 128 <= value: value -= 256
        if signed and (1 << (nbits - 1)) <= value:
            value -= (1 << nbits)
        return value

    def readBytes(self, address, nb_bytes):
        shift, data, missing = self.read(address, 8 * nb_bytes)
        if shift:
            raise InputStreamError("TODO: handle non-byte-aligned data")
        if missing:
            raise ReadStreamError(8 * nb_bytes, address)
        return data

    def searchBytesLength(self, needle, include_needle,
                          start_address=0, end_address=None):
        """
        If include_needle is True, add its length to the result.
        Returns None is needle can't be found.
        """

        pos = self.searchBytes(needle, start_address, end_address)
        if pos is None:
            return None
        length = (pos - start_address) // 8
        if include_needle:
            length += len(needle)
        return length

    def searchBytes(self, needle, start_address=0, end_address=None):
        """
        Search some bytes in [start_address;end_address[. Addresses must
        be aligned to byte. Returns the address of the bytes if found,
        None else.
        """
        if start_address % 8:
            raise InputStreamError(
                "Unable to search bytes with address with bit granularity")
        length = len(needle)
        size = max(3 * length, 4096)
        buffer = ''

        if self._size and (end_address is None or self._size < end_address):
            end_address = self._size

        while True:
            if end_address is not None:
                todo = (end_address - start_address) >> 3
                if todo < size:
                    if todo <= 0:
                        return None
                    size = todo
            data = self.readBytes(start_address, size)
            if end_address is None and self._size:
                end_address = self._size
                size = (end_address - start_address) >> 3
                assert size > 0
                data = data[:size]
            start_address += 8 * size
            buffer = buffer[len(buffer) - length + 1:] + data
            found = buffer.find(needle)
            if found >= 0:
                return start_address + (found - len(buffer)) * 8

    def file(self):
        return FileFromInputStream(self)


class InputPipe(object):
    """
    InputPipe makes input streams seekable by caching a certain
    amount of data. The memory usage may be unlimited in worst cases.
    A function (set_size) is called when the size of the stream is known.

    InputPipe sees the input stream as an array of blocks of
    size = (2 ^ self.buffer_size) and self.buffers maps to this array.
    It also maintains a circular ordered list of non-discarded blocks,
    sorted by access time.

    Each element of self.buffers is an array of 3 elements:
     * self.buffers[i][0] is the data.
       len(self.buffers[i][0]) == 1 << self.buffer_size
       (except at the end: the length may be smaller)
     * self.buffers[i][1] is the index of a more recently used block
     * self.buffers[i][2] is the opposite of self.buffers[1],
       in order to have a double-linked list.
    For any discarded block, self.buffers[i] = None

    self.last is the index of the most recently accessed block.
    self.first is the first (= smallest index) non-discarded block.

    How InputPipe discards blocks:
     * Just before returning from the read method.
     * Only if there are more than self.buffer_nb_min blocks in memory.
     * While self.buffers[self.first] is that least recently used block.

    Property: There is no hole in self.buffers, except at the beginning.
    """
    buffer_nb_min = 256
    buffer_size = 16
    last = None
    size = None

    def __init__(self, input, set_size=None):
        self._input = input
        self.first = self.address = 0
        self.buffers = []
        self.set_size = set_size

    current_size = property(lambda self: len(self.buffers) << self.buffer_size)

    def _append(self, data):
        if self.last is None:
            self.last = next = prev = 0
        else:
            prev = self.last
            last = self.buffers[prev]
            next = last[1]
            self.last = self.buffers[next][2] = last[1] = len(self.buffers)
        self.buffers.append([data, next, prev])

    def _get(self, index):
        if index >= len(self.buffers):
            return ''
        buf = self.buffers[index]
        if buf is None:
            raise InputStreamError(
                "Error: Buffers too small. Can't seek backward.")
        if self.last != index:
            next = buf[1]
            prev = buf[2]
            self.buffers[next][2] = prev
            self.buffers[prev][1] = next
            first = self.buffers[self.last][1]
            buf[1] = first
            buf[2] = self.last
            self.buffers[first][2] = index
            self.buffers[self.last][1] = index
            self.last = index
        return buf[0]

    def _flush(self):
        lim = len(self.buffers) - self.buffer_nb_min
        while self.first < lim:
            buf = self.buffers[self.first]
            if buf[2] != self.last:
                break
            info("Discarding buffer %u." % self.first)
            self.buffers[self.last][1] = buf[1]
            self.buffers[buf[1]][2] = self.last
            self.buffers[self.first] = None
            self.first += 1

    def seek(self, address):
        assert 0 <= address
        self.address = address

    def read(self, size):
        end = self.address + size
        for i in range(len(self.buffers), (end >> self.buffer_size) + 1):
            data = self._input.read(1 << self.buffer_size)
            if len(data) < 1 << self.buffer_size:
                self.size = (len(self.buffers) << self.buffer_size) + len(data)
                if self.set_size:
                    self.set_size(self.size)
                if data:
                    self._append(data)
                break
            self._append(data)
        block, offset = divmod(self.address, 1 << self.buffer_size)
        data = ''.join(self._get(index)
                       for index in xrange(block, (end - 1 >> self.buffer_size) + 1)
                       )[offset:offset + size]
        self._flush()
        self.address += len(data)
        return data


class InputIOStream(InputStream):

    def __init__(self, input, size=None, **args):
        if not hasattr(input, "seek"):
            if size is None:
                input = InputPipe(input, self._setSize)
            else:
                input = InputPipe(input)
        elif size is None:
            try:
                input.seek(0, 2)
                size = input.tell() * 8
            except IOError as err:
                if err.errno == ESPIPE:
                    input = InputPipe(input, self._setSize)
                else:
                    charset = getTerminalCharset()
                    errmsg = unicode(str(err), charset)
                    source = args.get("source", "<inputio:%r>" % input)
                    raise InputStreamError(
                        "Unable to get size of %s: %s" % (source, errmsg))
        self._input = input
        InputStream.__init__(self, size=size, **args)

    def close(self):
        self._input.close()

    def __current_size(self):
        if self._size:
            return self._size
        if self._input.size:
            return 8 * self._input.size
        return 8 * self._input.current_size
    _current_size = property(__current_size)

    def read(self, address, size):
        if not size:
            return 0, '', False
        assert size > 0
        _size = self._size
        address, shift = divmod(address, 8)
        self._input.seek(address)
        size = (size + shift + 7) >> 3
        data = self._input.read(size)
        got = len(data)
        missing = size != got
        if missing and _size == self._size:
            raise ReadStreamError(8 * size, 8 * address, 8 * got)
        return shift, data, missing

    def file(self):
        if hasattr(self._input, "fileno"):
            from os import dup, fdopen
            new_fd = dup(self._input.fileno())
            new_file = fdopen(new_fd, "rb")
            new_file.seek(0)
            return new_file
        return InputStream.file(self)


class StringInputStream(InputStream):

    def __init__(self, data, source="<string>", **args):
        self.data = data
        InputStream.__init__(self, source=source, size=8 * len(data), **args)
        self._current_size = self._size

    def close(self):
        pass

    def read(self, address, size):
        address, shift = divmod(address, 8)
        size = (size + shift + 7) >> 3
        data = self.data[address:address + size]
        got = len(data)
        if got != size:
            raise ReadStreamError(8 * size, 8 * address, 8 * got)
        return shift, data, False


class InputSubStream(InputStream):

    def __init__(self, stream, offset, size=None, source=None, **args):
        if offset is None:
            offset = 0
        if size is None and stream.size is not None:
            size = stream.size - offset
        if size <= 0:
            raise ValueError("InputSubStream: offset is outside input stream")
        self.stream = stream
        self._offset = offset
        if source is None:
            source = "<substream input=%s offset=%s size=%s>" % (
                stream.source, offset, size)
        InputStream.__init__(self, source=source, size=size, **args)
        self.stream.askSize(self)

    _current_size = property(lambda self: min(
        self._size, max(0, self.stream._current_size - self._offset)))

    def close(self):
        self.stream = None

    def read(self, address, size):
        return self.stream.read(self._offset + address, size)


def InputFieldStream(field, **args):
    if not field.parent:
        return field.stream
    stream = field.parent.stream
    args["size"] = field.size
    args.setdefault("source", stream.source + field.path)
    return InputSubStream(stream, field.absolute_address, **args)


class FragmentedStream(InputStream):

    def __init__(self, field, **args):
        self.stream = field.parent.stream
        data = field.getData()
        self.fragments = [(0, data.absolute_address, data.size)]
        self.next = field.next
        args.setdefault("source", "%s%s" % (self.stream.source, field.path))
        InputStream.__init__(self, **args)
        if not self.next:
            self._current_size = data.size
            self._setSize()

    def close(self):
        self.stream = None

    def _feed(self, end):
        if self._current_size < end:
            if self.checked:
                raise ReadStreamError(end - self._size, self._size)
            a, fa, fs = self.fragments[-1]
            while self.stream.sizeGe(fa + min(fs, end - a)):
                a += fs
                f = self.next
                if a >= end:
                    self._current_size = end
                    if a == end and not f:
                        self._setSize()
                    return False
                if f:
                    self.next = f.next
                    f = f.getData()
                if not f:
                    self._current_size = a
                    self._setSize()
                    return True
                fa = f.absolute_address
                fs = f.size
                self.fragments += [(a, fa, fs)]
            self._current_size = a + max(0, self.stream.size - fa)
            self._setSize()
            return True
        return False

    def read(self, address, size):
        assert size > 0
        missing = self._feed(address + size)
        if missing:
            size = self._size - address
            if size <= 0:
                return 0, '', True
        d = []
        i = lowerBound(self.fragments, lambda x: x[0] <= address)
        a, fa, fs = self.fragments[i - 1]
        a -= address
        fa -= a
        fs += a
        s = None
        while True:
            n = min(fs, size)
            u, v, w = self.stream.read(fa, n)
            assert not w
            if s is None:
                s = u
            else:
                assert not u
            d += [v]
            size -= n
            if not size:
                return s, ''.join(d), missing
            a, fa, fs = self.fragments[i]
            i += 1


class ConcatStream(InputStream):
    # TODO: concatene any number of any type of stream

    def __init__(self, streams, **args):
        if len(streams) > 2 or not streams[0].checked:
            raise NotImplementedError
        self.__size0 = streams[0].size
        size1 = streams[1].askSize(self)
        if size1 is not None:
            args["size"] = self.__size0 + size1
        self.__streams = streams
        InputStream.__init__(self, **args)

    _current_size = property(
        lambda self: self.__size0 + self.__streams[1]._current_size)

    def close(self):
        self.__streams = None

    def read(self, address, size):
        _size = self._size
        s = self.__size0 - address
        shift, data, missing = None, '', False
        if s > 0:
            s = min(size, s)
            shift, data, w = self.__streams[0].read(address, s)
            assert not w
            a, s = 0, size - s
        else:
            a, s = -s, size
        if s:
            u, v, missing = self.__streams[1].read(a, s)
            if missing and _size == self._size:
                raise ReadStreamError(s, a)
            if shift is None:
                shift = u
            else:
                assert not u
            data += v
        return shift, data, missing