from __future__ import generators """ httplib2 A caching http interface that supports ETags and gzip to conserve bandwidth. Requires Python 2.3 or later Changelog: 2007-08-18, Rick: Modified so it's able to use a socks proxy if needed. """ __author__ = "Joe Gregorio (joe@bitworking.org)" __copyright__ = "Copyright 2006, Joe Gregorio" __contributors__ = ["Thomas Broyer (t.broyer@ltgt.net)", "James Antill", "Xavier Verges Farrero", "Jonathan Feinberg", "Blair Zajac", "Sam Ruby", "Louis Nyffenegger"] __license__ = "MIT" __version__ = "$Rev$" import re import sys import email import email.Utils import email.Message import email.FeedParser import StringIO import gzip import zlib import httplib import urlparse import base64 import os import copy import calendar import time import random import errno # remove depracated warning in python2.6 try: from hashlib import sha1 as _sha, md5 as _md5 except ImportError: import sha import md5 _sha = sha.new _md5 = md5.new import hmac from gettext import gettext as _ import socket # Try using local version, followed by system, and none if neither are found try: import lib.socks as socks except ImportError: try: import socks as socks except ImportError: socks = None # Build the appropriate socket wrapper for ssl try: import ssl # python 2.6 ssl_SSLError = ssl.SSLError _ssl_wrap_socket = ssl.wrap_socket except ImportError: def _ssl_wrap_socket(sock, key_file, cert_file): ssl_sock = socket.ssl(sock, key_file, cert_file) return httplib.FakeSocket(sock, ssl_sock) if sys.version_info >= (2,3): from iri2uri import iri2uri else: def iri2uri(uri): return uri def has_timeout(timeout): # python 2.6 if hasattr(socket, '_GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT'): return (timeout is not None and timeout is not socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT) return (timeout is not None) __all__ = ['Http', 'Response', 'ProxyInfo', 'HttpLib2Error', 'RedirectMissingLocation', 'RedirectLimit', 'FailedToDecompressContent', 'UnimplementedDigestAuthOptionError', 'UnimplementedHmacDigestAuthOptionError', 'debuglevel'] # The httplib debug level, set to a non-zero value to get debug output debuglevel = 0 # Python 2.3 support if sys.version_info < (2,4): def sorted(seq): seq.sort() return seq # Python 2.3 support def HTTPResponse__getheaders(self): """Return list of (header, value) tuples.""" if self.msg is None: raise httplib.ResponseNotReady() return self.msg.items() if not hasattr(httplib.HTTPResponse, 'getheaders'): httplib.HTTPResponse.getheaders = HTTPResponse__getheaders # All exceptions raised here derive from HttpLib2Error class HttpLib2Error(Exception): pass # Some exceptions can be caught and optionally # be turned back into responses. class HttpLib2ErrorWithResponse(HttpLib2Error): def __init__(self, desc, response, content): self.response = response self.content = content HttpLib2Error.__init__(self, desc) class RedirectMissingLocation(HttpLib2ErrorWithResponse): pass class RedirectLimit(HttpLib2ErrorWithResponse): pass class FailedToDecompressContent(HttpLib2ErrorWithResponse): pass class UnimplementedDigestAuthOptionError(HttpLib2ErrorWithResponse): pass class UnimplementedHmacDigestAuthOptionError(HttpLib2ErrorWithResponse): pass class RelativeURIError(HttpLib2Error): pass class ServerNotFoundError(HttpLib2Error): pass # Open Items: # ----------- # Proxy support # Are we removing the cached content too soon on PUT (only delete on 200 Maybe?) # Pluggable cache storage (supports storing the cache in # flat files by default. We need a plug-in architecture # that can support Berkeley DB and Squid) # == Known Issues == # Does not handle a resource that uses conneg and Last-Modified but no ETag as a cache validator. # Does not handle Cache-Control: max-stale # Does not use Age: headers when calculating cache freshness. # The number of redirections to follow before giving up. # Note that only GET redirects are automatically followed. # Will also honor 301 requests by saving that info and never # requesting that URI again. DEFAULT_MAX_REDIRECTS = 5 # Which headers are hop-by-hop headers by default HOP_BY_HOP = ['connection', 'keep-alive', 'proxy-authenticate', 'proxy-authorization', 'te', 'trailers', 'transfer-encoding', 'upgrade'] def _get_end2end_headers(response): hopbyhop = list(HOP_BY_HOP) hopbyhop.extend([x.strip() for x in response.get('connection', '').split(',')]) return [header for header in response.keys() if header not in hopbyhop] URI = re.compile(r"^(([^:/?#]+):)?(//([^/?#]*))?([^?#]*)(\?([^#]*))?(#(.*))?") def parse_uri(uri): """Parses a URI using the regex given in Appendix B of RFC 3986. (scheme, authority, path, query, fragment) = parse_uri(uri) """ groups = URI.match(uri).groups() return (groups[1], groups[3], groups[4], groups[6], groups[8]) def urlnorm(uri): (scheme, authority, path, query, fragment) = parse_uri(uri) if not scheme or not authority: raise RelativeURIError("Only absolute URIs are allowed. uri = %s" % uri) authority = authority.lower() scheme = scheme.lower() if not path: path = "/" # Could do syntax based normalization of the URI before # computing the digest. See Section 6.2.2 of Std 66. request_uri = query and "?".join([path, query]) or path scheme = scheme.lower() defrag_uri = scheme + "://" + authority + request_uri return scheme, authority, request_uri, defrag_uri # Cache filename construction (original borrowed from Venus http://intertwingly.net/code/venus/) re_url_scheme = re.compile(r'^\w+://') re_slash = re.compile(r'[?/:|]+') def safename(filename): """Return a filename suitable for the cache. Strips dangerous and common characters to create a filename we can use to store the cache in. """ try: if re_url_scheme.match(filename): if isinstance(filename,str): filename = filename.decode('utf-8') filename = filename.encode('idna') else: filename = filename.encode('idna') except UnicodeError: pass if isinstance(filename,unicode): filename=filename.encode('utf-8') filemd5 = _md5(filename).hexdigest() filename = re_url_scheme.sub("", filename) filename = re_slash.sub(",", filename) # limit length of filename if len(filename)>200: filename=filename[:200] return ",".join((filename, filemd5)) NORMALIZE_SPACE = re.compile(r'(?:\r\n)?[ \t]+') def _normalize_headers(headers): return dict([ (key.lower(), NORMALIZE_SPACE.sub(value, ' ').strip()) for (key, value) in headers.iteritems()]) def _parse_cache_control(headers): retval = {} if headers.has_key('cache-control'): parts = headers['cache-control'].split(',') parts_with_args = [tuple([x.strip().lower() for x in part.split("=", 1)]) for part in parts if -1 != part.find("=")] parts_wo_args = [(name.strip().lower(), 1) for name in parts if -1 == name.find("=")] retval = dict(parts_with_args + parts_wo_args) return retval # Whether to use a strict mode to parse WWW-Authenticate headers # Might lead to bad results in case of ill-formed header value, # so disabled by default, falling back to relaxed parsing. # Set to true to turn on, usefull for testing servers. USE_WWW_AUTH_STRICT_PARSING = 0 # In regex below: # [^\0-\x1f\x7f-\xff()<>@,;:\\\"/[\]?={} \t]+ matches a "token" as defined by HTTP # "(?:[^\0-\x08\x0A-\x1f\x7f-\xff\\\"]|\\[\0-\x7f])*?" matches a "quoted-string" as defined by HTTP, when LWS have already been replaced by a single space # Actually, as an auth-param value can be either a token or a quoted-string, they are combined in a single pattern which matches both: # \"?((?<=\")(?:[^\0-\x1f\x7f-\xff\\\"]|\\[\0-\x7f])*?(?=\")|(?<!\")[^\0-\x08\x0A-\x1f\x7f-\xff()<>@,;:\\\"/[\]?={} \t]+(?!\"))\"? WWW_AUTH_STRICT = re.compile(r"^(?:\s*(?:,\s*)?([^\0-\x1f\x7f-\xff()<>@,;:\\\"/[\]?={} \t]+)\s*=\s*\"?((?<=\")(?:[^\0-\x08\x0A-\x1f\x7f-\xff\\\"]|\\[\0-\x7f])*?(?=\")|(?<!\")[^\0-\x1f\x7f-\xff()<>@,;:\\\"/[\]?={} \t]+(?!\"))\"?)(.*)$") WWW_AUTH_RELAXED = re.compile(r"^(?:\s*(?:,\s*)?([^ \t\r\n=]+)\s*=\s*\"?((?<=\")(?:[^\\\"]|\\.)*?(?=\")|(?<!\")[^ \t\r\n,]+(?!\"))\"?)(.*)$") UNQUOTE_PAIRS = re.compile(r'\\(.)') def _parse_www_authenticate(headers, headername='www-authenticate'): """Returns a dictionary of dictionaries, one dict per auth_scheme.""" retval = {} if headers.has_key(headername): authenticate = headers[headername].strip() www_auth = USE_WWW_AUTH_STRICT_PARSING and WWW_AUTH_STRICT or WWW_AUTH_RELAXED while authenticate: # Break off the scheme at the beginning of the line if headername == 'authentication-info': (auth_scheme, the_rest) = ('digest', authenticate) else: (auth_scheme, the_rest) = authenticate.split(" ", 1) # Now loop over all the key value pairs that come after the scheme, # being careful not to roll into the next scheme match = www_auth.search(the_rest) auth_params = {} while match: if match and len(match.groups()) == 3: (key, value, the_rest) = match.groups() auth_params[key.lower()] = UNQUOTE_PAIRS.sub(r'\1', value) # '\\'.join([x.replace('\\', '') for x in value.split('\\\\')]) match = www_auth.search(the_rest) retval[auth_scheme.lower()] = auth_params authenticate = the_rest.strip() return retval def _entry_disposition(response_headers, request_headers): """Determine freshness from the Date, Expires and Cache-Control headers. We don't handle the following: 1. Cache-Control: max-stale 2. Age: headers are not used in the calculations. Not that this algorithm is simpler than you might think because we are operating as a private (non-shared) cache. This lets us ignore 's-maxage'. We can also ignore 'proxy-invalidate' since we aren't a proxy. We will never return a stale document as fresh as a design decision, and thus the non-implementation of 'max-stale'. This also lets us safely ignore 'must-revalidate' since we operate as if every server has sent 'must-revalidate'. Since we are private we get to ignore both 'public' and 'private' parameters. We also ignore 'no-transform' since we don't do any transformations. The 'no-store' parameter is handled at a higher level. So the only Cache-Control parameters we look at are: no-cache only-if-cached max-age min-fresh """ retval = "STALE" cc = _parse_cache_control(request_headers) cc_response = _parse_cache_control(response_headers) if request_headers.has_key('pragma') and request_headers['pragma'].lower().find('no-cache') != -1: retval = "TRANSPARENT" if 'cache-control' not in request_headers: request_headers['cache-control'] = 'no-cache' elif cc.has_key('no-cache'): retval = "TRANSPARENT" elif cc_response.has_key('no-cache'): retval = "STALE" elif cc.has_key('only-if-cached'): retval = "FRESH" elif response_headers.has_key('date'): date = calendar.timegm(email.Utils.parsedate_tz(response_headers['date'])) now = time.time() current_age = max(0, now - date) if cc_response.has_key('max-age'): try: freshness_lifetime = int(cc_response['max-age']) except ValueError: freshness_lifetime = 0 elif response_headers.has_key('expires'): expires = email.Utils.parsedate_tz(response_headers['expires']) if None == expires: freshness_lifetime = 0 else: freshness_lifetime = max(0, calendar.timegm(expires) - date) else: freshness_lifetime = 0 if cc.has_key('max-age'): try: freshness_lifetime = int(cc['max-age']) except ValueError: freshness_lifetime = 0 if cc.has_key('min-fresh'): try: min_fresh = int(cc['min-fresh']) except ValueError: min_fresh = 0 current_age += min_fresh if freshness_lifetime > current_age: retval = "FRESH" return retval def _decompressContent(response, new_content): content = new_content try: encoding = response.get('content-encoding', None) if encoding in ['gzip', 'deflate']: if encoding == 'gzip': content = gzip.GzipFile(fileobj=StringIO.StringIO(new_content)).read() if encoding == 'deflate': content = zlib.decompress(content) response['content-length'] = str(len(content)) # Record the historical presence of the encoding in a way the won't interfere. response['-content-encoding'] = response['content-encoding'] del response['content-encoding'] except IOError: content = "" raise FailedToDecompressContent(_("Content purported to be compressed with %s but failed to decompress.") % response.get('content-encoding'), response, content) return content def _updateCache(request_headers, response_headers, content, cache, cachekey): if cachekey: cc = _parse_cache_control(request_headers) cc_response = _parse_cache_control(response_headers) if cc.has_key('no-store') or cc_response.has_key('no-store'): cache.delete(cachekey) else: info = email.Message.Message() for key, value in response_headers.iteritems(): if key not in ['status','content-encoding','transfer-encoding']: info[key] = value # Add annotations to the cache to indicate what headers # are variant for this request. vary = response_headers.get('vary', None) if vary: vary_headers = vary.lower().replace(' ', '').split(',') for header in vary_headers: key = '-varied-%s' % header try: info[key] = request_headers[header] except KeyError: pass status = response_headers.status if status == 304: status = 200 status_header = 'status: %d\r\n' % response_headers.status header_str = info.as_string() header_str = re.sub("\r(?!\n)|(?<!\r)\n", "\r\n", header_str) text = "".join([status_header, header_str, content]) cache.set(cachekey, text) def _cnonce(): dig = _md5("%s:%s" % (time.ctime(), ["0123456789"[random.randrange(0, 9)] for i in range(20)])).hexdigest() return dig[:16] def _wsse_username_token(cnonce, iso_now, password): return base64.b64encode(_sha("%s%s%s" % (cnonce, iso_now, password)).digest()).strip() # For credentials we need two things, first # a pool of credential to try (not necesarily tied to BAsic, Digest, etc.) # Then we also need a list of URIs that have already demanded authentication # That list is tricky since sub-URIs can take the same auth, or the # auth scheme may change as you descend the tree. # So we also need each Auth instance to be able to tell us # how close to the 'top' it is. class Authentication(object): def __init__(self, credentials, host, request_uri, headers, response, content, http): (scheme, authority, path, query, fragment) = parse_uri(request_uri) self.path = path self.host = host self.credentials = credentials self.http = http def depth(self, request_uri): (scheme, authority, path, query, fragment) = parse_uri(request_uri) return request_uri[len(self.path):].count("/") def inscope(self, host, request_uri): # XXX Should we normalize the request_uri? (scheme, authority, path, query, fragment) = parse_uri(request_uri) return (host == self.host) and path.startswith(self.path) def request(self, method, request_uri, headers, content): """Modify the request headers to add the appropriate Authorization header. Over-rise this in sub-classes.""" pass def response(self, response, content): """Gives us a chance to update with new nonces or such returned from the last authorized response. Over-rise this in sub-classes if necessary. Return TRUE is the request is to be retried, for example Digest may return stale=true. """ return False class BasicAuthentication(Authentication): def __init__(self, credentials, host, request_uri, headers, response, content, http): Authentication.__init__(self, credentials, host, request_uri, headers, response, content, http) def request(self, method, request_uri, headers, content): """Modify the request headers to add the appropriate Authorization header.""" headers['authorization'] = 'Basic ' + base64.b64encode("%s:%s" % self.credentials).strip() class DigestAuthentication(Authentication): """Only do qop='auth' and MD5, since that is all Apache currently implements""" def __init__(self, credentials, host, request_uri, headers, response, content, http): Authentication.__init__(self, credentials, host, request_uri, headers, response, content, http) challenge = _parse_www_authenticate(response, 'www-authenticate') self.challenge = challenge['digest'] qop = self.challenge.get('qop', 'auth') self.challenge['qop'] = ('auth' in [x.strip() for x in qop.split()]) and 'auth' or None if self.challenge['qop'] is None: raise UnimplementedDigestAuthOptionError( _("Unsupported value for qop: %s." % qop)) self.challenge['algorithm'] = self.challenge.get('algorithm', 'MD5').upper() if self.challenge['algorithm'] != 'MD5': raise UnimplementedDigestAuthOptionError( _("Unsupported value for algorithm: %s." % self.challenge['algorithm'])) self.A1 = "".join([self.credentials[0], ":", self.challenge['realm'], ":", self.credentials[1]]) self.challenge['nc'] = 1 def request(self, method, request_uri, headers, content, cnonce = None): """Modify the request headers""" H = lambda x: _md5(x).hexdigest() KD = lambda s, d: H("%s:%s" % (s, d)) A2 = "".join([method, ":", request_uri]) self.challenge['cnonce'] = cnonce or _cnonce() request_digest = '"%s"' % KD(H(self.A1), "%s:%s:%s:%s:%s" % (self.challenge['nonce'], '%08x' % self.challenge['nc'], self.challenge['cnonce'], self.challenge['qop'], H(A2) )) headers['Authorization'] = 'Digest username="%s", realm="%s", nonce="%s", uri="%s", algorithm=%s, response=%s, qop=%s, nc=%08x, cnonce="%s"' % ( self.credentials[0], self.challenge['realm'], self.challenge['nonce'], request_uri, self.challenge['algorithm'], request_digest, self.challenge['qop'], self.challenge['nc'], self.challenge['cnonce'], ) self.challenge['nc'] += 1 def response(self, response, content): if not response.has_key('authentication-info'): challenge = _parse_www_authenticate(response, 'www-authenticate').get('digest', {}) if 'true' == challenge.get('stale'): self.challenge['nonce'] = challenge['nonce'] self.challenge['nc'] = 1 return True else: updated_challenge = _parse_www_authenticate(response, 'authentication-info').get('digest', {}) if updated_challenge.has_key('nextnonce'): self.challenge['nonce'] = updated_challenge['nextnonce'] self.challenge['nc'] = 1 return False class HmacDigestAuthentication(Authentication): """Adapted from Robert Sayre's code and DigestAuthentication above.""" __author__ = "Thomas Broyer (t.broyer@ltgt.net)" def __init__(self, credentials, host, request_uri, headers, response, content, http): Authentication.__init__(self, credentials, host, request_uri, headers, response, content, http) challenge = _parse_www_authenticate(response, 'www-authenticate') self.challenge = challenge['hmacdigest'] # TODO: self.challenge['domain'] self.challenge['reason'] = self.challenge.get('reason', 'unauthorized') if self.challenge['reason'] not in ['unauthorized', 'integrity']: self.challenge['reason'] = 'unauthorized' self.challenge['salt'] = self.challenge.get('salt', '') if not self.challenge.get('snonce'): raise UnimplementedHmacDigestAuthOptionError( _("The challenge doesn't contain a server nonce, or this one is empty.")) self.challenge['algorithm'] = self.challenge.get('algorithm', 'HMAC-SHA-1') if self.challenge['algorithm'] not in ['HMAC-SHA-1', 'HMAC-MD5']: raise UnimplementedHmacDigestAuthOptionError( _("Unsupported value for algorithm: %s." % self.challenge['algorithm'])) self.challenge['pw-algorithm'] = self.challenge.get('pw-algorithm', 'SHA-1') if self.challenge['pw-algorithm'] not in ['SHA-1', 'MD5']: raise UnimplementedHmacDigestAuthOptionError( _("Unsupported value for pw-algorithm: %s." % self.challenge['pw-algorithm'])) if self.challenge['algorithm'] == 'HMAC-MD5': self.hashmod = _md5 else: self.hashmod = _sha if self.challenge['pw-algorithm'] == 'MD5': self.pwhashmod = _md5 else: self.pwhashmod = _sha self.key = "".join([self.credentials[0], ":", self.pwhashmod.new("".join([self.credentials[1], self.challenge['salt']])).hexdigest().lower(), ":", self.challenge['realm'] ]) self.key = self.pwhashmod.new(self.key).hexdigest().lower() def request(self, method, request_uri, headers, content): """Modify the request headers""" keys = _get_end2end_headers(headers) keylist = "".join(["%s " % k for k in keys]) headers_val = "".join([headers[k] for k in keys]) created = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ',time.gmtime()) cnonce = _cnonce() request_digest = "%s:%s:%s:%s:%s" % (method, request_uri, cnonce, self.challenge['snonce'], headers_val) request_digest = hmac.new(self.key, request_digest, self.hashmod).hexdigest().lower() headers['Authorization'] = 'HMACDigest username="%s", realm="%s", snonce="%s", cnonce="%s", uri="%s", created="%s", response="%s", headers="%s"' % ( self.credentials[0], self.challenge['realm'], self.challenge['snonce'], cnonce, request_uri, created, request_digest, keylist, ) def response(self, response, content): challenge = _parse_www_authenticate(response, 'www-authenticate').get('hmacdigest', {}) if challenge.get('reason') in ['integrity', 'stale']: return True return False class WsseAuthentication(Authentication): """This is thinly tested and should not be relied upon. At this time there isn't any third party server to test against. Blogger and TypePad implemented this algorithm at one point but Blogger has since switched to Basic over HTTPS and TypePad has implemented it wrong, by never issuing a 401 challenge but instead requiring your client to telepathically know that their endpoint is expecting WSSE profile="UsernameToken".""" def __init__(self, credentials, host, request_uri, headers, response, content, http): Authentication.__init__(self, credentials, host, request_uri, headers, response, content, http) def request(self, method, request_uri, headers, content): """Modify the request headers to add the appropriate Authorization header.""" headers['Authorization'] = 'WSSE profile="UsernameToken"' iso_now = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ", time.gmtime()) cnonce = _cnonce() password_digest = _wsse_username_token(cnonce, iso_now, self.credentials[1]) headers['X-WSSE'] = 'UsernameToken Username="%s", PasswordDigest="%s", Nonce="%s", Created="%s"' % ( self.credentials[0], password_digest, cnonce, iso_now) class GoogleLoginAuthentication(Authentication): def __init__(self, credentials, host, request_uri, headers, response, content, http): from urllib import urlencode Authentication.__init__(self, credentials, host, request_uri, headers, response, content, http) challenge = _parse_www_authenticate(response, 'www-authenticate') service = challenge['googlelogin'].get('service', 'xapi') # Bloggger actually returns the service in the challenge # For the rest we guess based on the URI if service == 'xapi' and request_uri.find("calendar") > 0: service = "cl" # No point in guessing Base or Spreadsheet #elif request_uri.find("spreadsheets") > 0: # service = "wise" auth = dict(Email=credentials[0], Passwd=credentials[1], service=service, source=headers['user-agent']) resp, content = self.http.request("https://www.google.com/accounts/ClientLogin", method="POST", body=urlencode(auth), headers={'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'}) lines = content.split('\n') d = dict([tuple(line.split("=", 1)) for line in lines if line]) if resp.status == 403: self.Auth = "" else: self.Auth = d['Auth'] def request(self, method, request_uri, headers, content): """Modify the request headers to add the appropriate Authorization header.""" headers['authorization'] = 'GoogleLogin Auth=' + self.Auth AUTH_SCHEME_CLASSES = { "basic": BasicAuthentication, "wsse": WsseAuthentication, "digest": DigestAuthentication, "hmacdigest": HmacDigestAuthentication, "googlelogin": GoogleLoginAuthentication } AUTH_SCHEME_ORDER = ["hmacdigest", "googlelogin", "digest", "wsse", "basic"] class FileCache(object): """Uses a local directory as a store for cached files. Not really safe to use if multiple threads or processes are going to be running on the same cache. """ def __init__(self, cache, safe=safename): # use safe=lambda x: md5.new(x).hexdigest() for the old behavior self.cache = cache self.safe = safe if not os.path.exists(cache): os.makedirs(self.cache) def get(self, key): retval = None cacheFullPath = os.path.join(self.cache, self.safe(key)) try: f = file(cacheFullPath, "rb") retval = f.read() f.close() except IOError, e: pass return retval def set(self, key, value): cacheFullPath = os.path.join(self.cache, self.safe(key)) f = file(cacheFullPath, "wb") f.write(value) f.close() def delete(self, key): cacheFullPath = os.path.join(self.cache, self.safe(key)) if os.path.exists(cacheFullPath): os.remove(cacheFullPath) class Credentials(object): def __init__(self): self.credentials = [] def add(self, name, password, domain=""): self.credentials.append((domain.lower(), name, password)) def clear(self): self.credentials = [] def iter(self, domain): for (cdomain, name, password) in self.credentials: if cdomain == "" or domain == cdomain: yield (name, password) class KeyCerts(Credentials): """Identical to Credentials except that name/password are mapped to key/cert.""" pass class ProxyInfo(object): """Collect information required to use a proxy.""" def __init__(self, proxy_type, proxy_host, proxy_port, proxy_rdns=None, proxy_user=None, proxy_pass=None): """The parameter proxy_type must be set to one of socks.PROXY_TYPE_XXX constants. For example: p = ProxyInfo(proxy_type=socks.PROXY_TYPE_HTTP, proxy_host='localhost', proxy_port=8000) """ self.proxy_type, self.proxy_host, self.proxy_port, self.proxy_rdns, self.proxy_user, self.proxy_pass = proxy_type, proxy_host, proxy_port, proxy_rdns, proxy_user, proxy_pass def astuple(self): return (self.proxy_type, self.proxy_host, self.proxy_port, self.proxy_rdns, self.proxy_user, self.proxy_pass) def isgood(self): return socks and (self.proxy_host != None) and (self.proxy_port != None) class HTTPConnectionWithTimeout(httplib.HTTPConnection): """HTTPConnection subclass that supports timeouts""" def __init__(self, host, port=None, strict=None, timeout=None, proxy_info=None): httplib.HTTPConnection.__init__(self, host, port, strict) self.timeout = timeout self.proxy_info = proxy_info def connect(self): """Connect to the host and port specified in __init__.""" # Mostly verbatim from httplib.py. msg = "getaddrinfo returns an empty list" for res in socket.getaddrinfo(self.host, self.port, 0, socket.SOCK_STREAM): af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res try: if self.proxy_info and self.proxy_info.isgood(): self.sock = socks.socksocket(af, socktype, proto) self.sock.setproxy(*self.proxy_info.astuple()) else: self.sock = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto) # Different from httplib: support timeouts. if has_timeout(self.timeout): self.sock.settimeout(self.timeout) # End of difference from httplib. if self.debuglevel > 0: print "connect: (%s, %s)" % (self.host, self.port) self.sock.connect(sa) except socket.error, msg: if self.debuglevel > 0: print 'connect fail:', (self.host, self.port) if self.sock: self.sock.close() self.sock = None continue break if not self.sock: raise socket.error, msg class HTTPSConnectionWithTimeout(httplib.HTTPSConnection): "This class allows communication via SSL." def __init__(self, host, port=None, key_file=None, cert_file=None, strict=None, timeout=None, proxy_info=None): httplib.HTTPSConnection.__init__(self, host, port=port, key_file=key_file, cert_file=cert_file, strict=strict) self.timeout = timeout self.proxy_info = proxy_info def connect(self): "Connect to a host on a given (SSL) port." if self.proxy_info and self.proxy_info.isgood(): sock = socks.socksocket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.setproxy(*self.proxy_info.astuple()) else: sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) if has_timeout(self.timeout): sock.settimeout(self.timeout) sock.connect((self.host, self.port)) self.sock =_ssl_wrap_socket(sock, self.key_file, self.cert_file) class Http(object): """An HTTP client that handles: - all methods - caching - ETags - compression, - HTTPS - Basic - Digest - WSSE and more. """ def __init__(self, cache=None, timeout=None, proxy_info=None): """The value of proxy_info is a ProxyInfo instance. If 'cache' is a string then it is used as a directory name for a disk cache. Otherwise it must be an object that supports the same interface as FileCache.""" self.proxy_info = proxy_info # Map domain name to an httplib connection self.connections = {} # The location of the cache, for now a directory # where cached responses are held. if cache and isinstance(cache, str): self.cache = FileCache(cache) else: self.cache = cache # Name/password self.credentials = Credentials() # Key/cert self.certificates = KeyCerts() # authorization objects self.authorizations = [] # If set to False then no redirects are followed, even safe ones. self.follow_redirects = True # Which HTTP methods do we apply optimistic concurrency to, i.e. # which methods get an "if-match:" etag header added to them. self.optimistic_concurrency_methods = ["PUT"] # If 'follow_redirects' is True, and this is set to True then # all redirecs are followed, including unsafe ones. self.follow_all_redirects = False self.ignore_etag = False self.force_exception_to_status_code = False self.timeout = timeout def _auth_from_challenge(self, host, request_uri, headers, response, content): """A generator that creates Authorization objects that can be applied to requests. """ challenges = _parse_www_authenticate(response, 'www-authenticate') for cred in self.credentials.iter(host): for scheme in AUTH_SCHEME_ORDER: if challenges.has_key(scheme): yield AUTH_SCHEME_CLASSES[scheme](cred, host, request_uri, headers, response, content, self) def add_credentials(self, name, password, domain=""): """Add a name and password that will be used any time a request requires authentication.""" self.credentials.add(name, password, domain) def add_certificate(self, key, cert, domain): """Add a key and cert that will be used any time a request requires authentication.""" self.certificates.add(key, cert, domain) def clear_credentials(self): """Remove all the names and passwords that are used for authentication""" self.credentials.clear() self.authorizations = [] def _conn_request(self, conn, request_uri, method, body, headers): for i in range(2): try: if conn.sock is None: conn.connect() conn.request(method, request_uri, body, headers) except socket.timeout: raise except socket.gaierror: conn.close() raise ServerNotFoundError("Unable to find the server at %s" % conn.host) except ssl_SSLError: conn.close() raise except socket.error, e: err = 0 if hasattr(e, 'args'): err = getattr(e, 'args')[0] else: err = e.errno if err == errno.ECONNREFUSED: # Connection refused raise except httplib.HTTPException: # Just because the server closed the connection doesn't apparently mean # that the server didn't send a response. if conn.sock is None: if i == 0: conn.close() conn.connect() continue else: conn.close() raise if i == 0: conn.close() conn.connect() continue try: response = conn.getresponse() except (socket.error, httplib.HTTPException): if i == 0: conn.close() conn.connect() continue else: raise else: content = "" if method == "HEAD": response.close() else: content = response.read() response = Response(response) if method != "HEAD": content = _decompressContent(response, content) break return (response, content) def _request(self, conn, host, absolute_uri, request_uri, method, body, headers, redirections, cachekey): """Do the actual request using the connection object and also follow one level of redirects if necessary""" auths = [(auth.depth(request_uri), auth) for auth in self.authorizations if auth.inscope(host, request_uri)] auth = auths and sorted(auths)[0][1] or None if auth: auth.request(method, request_uri, headers, body) (response, content) = self._conn_request(conn, request_uri, method, body, headers) if auth: if auth.response(response, body): auth.request(method, request_uri, headers, body) (response, content) = self._conn_request(conn, request_uri, method, body, headers ) response._stale_digest = 1 if response.status == 401: for authorization in self._auth_from_challenge(host, request_uri, headers, response, content): authorization.request(method, request_uri, headers, body) (response, content) = self._conn_request(conn, request_uri, method, body, headers, ) if response.status != 401: self.authorizations.append(authorization) authorization.response(response, body) break if (self.follow_all_redirects or (method in ["GET", "HEAD"]) or response.status == 303): if self.follow_redirects and response.status in [300, 301, 302, 303, 307]: # Pick out the location header and basically start from the beginning # remembering first to strip the ETag header and decrement our 'depth' if redirections: if not response.has_key('location') and response.status != 300: raise RedirectMissingLocation( _("Redirected but the response is missing a Location: header."), response, content) # Fix-up relative redirects (which violate an RFC 2616 MUST) if response.has_key('location'): location = response['location'] (scheme, authority, path, query, fragment) = parse_uri(location) if authority == None: response['location'] = urlparse.urljoin(absolute_uri, location) if response.status == 301 and method in ["GET", "HEAD"]: response['-x-permanent-redirect-url'] = response['location'] if not response.has_key('content-location'): response['content-location'] = absolute_uri _updateCache(headers, response, content, self.cache, cachekey) if headers.has_key('if-none-match'): del headers['if-none-match'] if headers.has_key('if-modified-since'): del headers['if-modified-since'] if response.has_key('location'): location = response['location'] old_response = copy.deepcopy(response) if not old_response.has_key('content-location'): old_response['content-location'] = absolute_uri redirect_method = ((response.status == 303) and (method not in ["GET", "HEAD"])) and "GET" or method (response, content) = self.request(location, redirect_method, body=body, headers = headers, redirections = redirections - 1) response.previous = old_response else: raise RedirectLimit( _("Redirected more times than rediection_limit allows."), response, content) elif response.status in [200, 203] and method == "GET": # Don't cache 206's since we aren't going to handle byte range requests if not response.has_key('content-location'): response['content-location'] = absolute_uri _updateCache(headers, response, content, self.cache, cachekey) return (response, content) def _normalize_headers(self, headers): return _normalize_headers(headers) # Need to catch and rebrand some exceptions # Then need to optionally turn all exceptions into status codes # including all socket.* and httplib.* exceptions. def request(self, uri, method="GET", body=None, headers=None, redirections=DEFAULT_MAX_REDIRECTS, connection_type=None): """ Performs a single HTTP request. The 'uri' is the URI of the HTTP resource and can begin with either 'http' or 'https'. The value of 'uri' must be an absolute URI. The 'method' is the HTTP method to perform, such as GET, POST, DELETE, etc. There is no restriction on the methods allowed. The 'body' is the entity body to be sent with the request. It is a string object. Any extra headers that are to be sent with the request should be provided in the 'headers' dictionary. The maximum number of redirect to follow before raising an exception is 'redirections. The default is 5. The return value is a tuple of (response, content), the first being and instance of the 'Response' class, the second being a string that contains the response entity body. """ try: if headers is None: headers = {} else: headers = self._normalize_headers(headers) if not headers.has_key('user-agent'): headers['user-agent'] = "Python-httplib2/%s" % __version__ uri = iri2uri(uri) (scheme, authority, request_uri, defrag_uri) = urlnorm(uri) domain_port = authority.split(":")[0:2] if len(domain_port) == 2 and domain_port[1] == '443' and scheme == 'http': scheme = 'https' authority = domain_port[0] conn_key = scheme+":"+authority if conn_key in self.connections: conn = self.connections[conn_key] else: if not connection_type: connection_type = (scheme == 'https') and HTTPSConnectionWithTimeout or HTTPConnectionWithTimeout certs = list(self.certificates.iter(authority)) if scheme == 'https' and certs: conn = self.connections[conn_key] = connection_type(authority, key_file=certs[0][0], cert_file=certs[0][1], timeout=self.timeout, proxy_info=self.proxy_info) else: conn = self.connections[conn_key] = connection_type(authority, timeout=self.timeout, proxy_info=self.proxy_info) conn.set_debuglevel(debuglevel) if method in ["GET", "HEAD"] and 'range' not in headers and 'accept-encoding' not in headers: headers['accept-encoding'] = 'gzip, deflate' info = email.Message.Message() cached_value = None if self.cache: cachekey = defrag_uri cached_value = self.cache.get(cachekey) if cached_value: # info = email.message_from_string(cached_value) # # Need to replace the line above with the kludge below # to fix the non-existent bug not fixed in this # bug report: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-bugs-list/2005-September/030289.html try: info, content = cached_value.split('\r\n\r\n', 1) feedparser = email.FeedParser.FeedParser() feedparser.feed(info) info = feedparser.close() feedparser._parse = None except IndexError, ValueError: self.cache.delete(cachekey) cachekey = None cached_value = None else: cachekey = None if method in self.optimistic_concurrency_methods and self.cache and info.has_key('etag') and not self.ignore_etag and 'if-match' not in headers: # http://www.w3.org/1999/04/Editing/ headers['if-match'] = info['etag'] if method not in ["GET", "HEAD"] and self.cache and cachekey: # RFC 2616 Section 13.10 self.cache.delete(cachekey) # Check the vary header in the cache to see if this request # matches what varies in the cache. if method in ['GET', 'HEAD'] and 'vary' in info: vary = info['vary'] vary_headers = vary.lower().replace(' ', '').split(',') for header in vary_headers: key = '-varied-%s' % header value = info[key] if headers.get(header, '') != value: cached_value = None break if cached_value and method in ["GET", "HEAD"] and self.cache and 'range' not in headers: if info.has_key('-x-permanent-redirect-url'): # Should cached permanent redirects be counted in our redirection count? For now, yes. (response, new_content) = self.request(info['-x-permanent-redirect-url'], "GET", headers = headers, redirections = redirections - 1) response.previous = Response(info) response.previous.fromcache = True else: # Determine our course of action: # Is the cached entry fresh or stale? # Has the client requested a non-cached response? # # There seems to be three possible answers: # 1. [FRESH] Return the cache entry w/o doing a GET # 2. [STALE] Do the GET (but add in cache validators if available) # 3. [TRANSPARENT] Do a GET w/o any cache validators (Cache-Control: no-cache) on the request entry_disposition = _entry_disposition(info, headers) if entry_disposition == "FRESH": if not cached_value: info['status'] = '504' content = "" response = Response(info) if cached_value: response.fromcache = True return (response, content) if entry_disposition == "STALE": if info.has_key('etag') and not self.ignore_etag and not 'if-none-match' in headers: headers['if-none-match'] = info['etag'] if info.has_key('last-modified') and not 'last-modified' in headers: headers['if-modified-since'] = info['last-modified'] elif entry_disposition == "TRANSPARENT": pass (response, new_content) = self._request(conn, authority, uri, request_uri, method, body, headers, redirections, cachekey) if response.status == 304 and method == "GET": # Rewrite the cache entry with the new end-to-end headers # Take all headers that are in response # and overwrite their values in info. # unless they are hop-by-hop, or are listed in the connection header. for key in _get_end2end_headers(response): info[key] = response[key] merged_response = Response(info) if hasattr(response, "_stale_digest"): merged_response._stale_digest = response._stale_digest _updateCache(headers, merged_response, content, self.cache, cachekey) response = merged_response response.status = 200 response.fromcache = True elif response.status == 200: content = new_content else: self.cache.delete(cachekey) content = new_content else: cc = _parse_cache_control(headers) if cc.has_key('only-if-cached'): info['status'] = '504' response = Response(info) content = "" else: (response, content) = self._request(conn, authority, uri, request_uri, method, body, headers, redirections, cachekey) except Exception, e: if self.force_exception_to_status_code: if isinstance(e, HttpLib2ErrorWithResponse): response = e.response content = e.content response.status = 500 response.reason = str(e) elif isinstance(e, socket.timeout) or (isinstance(e, socket.error) and 'timed out' in str(e)): content = "Request Timeout" response = Response( { "content-type": "text/plain", "status": "408", "content-length": len(content) }) response.reason = "Request Timeout" else: content = str(e) response = Response( { "content-type": "text/plain", "status": "400", "content-length": len(content) }) response.reason = "Bad Request" else: raise return (response, content) class Response(dict): """An object more like email.Message than httplib.HTTPResponse.""" """Is this response from our local cache""" fromcache = False """HTTP protocol version used by server. 10 for HTTP/1.0, 11 for HTTP/1.1. """ version = 11 "Status code returned by server. " status = 200 """Reason phrase returned by server.""" reason = "Ok" previous = None def __init__(self, info): # info is either an email.Message or # an httplib.HTTPResponse object. if isinstance(info, httplib.HTTPResponse): for key, value in info.getheaders(): self[key.lower()] = value self.status = info.status self['status'] = str(self.status) self.reason = info.reason self.version = info.version elif isinstance(info, email.Message.Message): for key, value in info.items(): self[key] = value self.status = int(self['status']) else: for key, value in info.iteritems(): self[key] = value self.status = int(self.get('status', self.status)) def __getattr__(self, name): if name == 'dict': return self else: raise AttributeError, name