diff --git a/CHANGES.md b/CHANGES.md index 9efccead..50c5764c 100644 --- a/CHANGES.md +++ b/CHANGES.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * Update attr 22.2.0 (a9960de) to 22.2.0 (683d056) * Update diskcache 5.4.0 (1cb1425) to 5.6.1 (4d30686) +* Update feedparser 6.0.10 (5fcb3ae) to 6.0.10 (6d032b8) * Update filelock 3.9.0 (ce3e891) to 3.11.0 (d3241b9) * Update Msgpack 1.0.4 (b5acfd5) to 1.0.5 (0516c2c) * Update Requests library 2.28.1 (ec553c2) to 2.29.0 (87d63de) diff --git a/lib/feedparser/__init__.py b/lib/feedparser/__init__.py index 1e8877c0..bdf8060c 100644 --- a/lib/feedparser/__init__.py +++ b/lib/feedparser/__init__.py @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee +# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim # All rights reserved. # @@ -27,12 +27,18 @@ from .api import parse from .datetimes import registerDateHandler -from .exceptions import * +from .exceptions import ( + CharacterEncodingOverride, + CharacterEncodingUnknown, + FeedparserError, + NonXMLContentType, + UndeclaredNamespace, +) from .util import FeedParserDict -__author__ = 'Kurt McKee ' -__license__ = 'BSD 2-clause' -__version__ = '6.0.10' +__author__ = "Kurt McKee " +__license__ = "BSD 2-clause" +__version__ = "6.0.10" # HTTP "User-Agent" header to send to servers when downloading feeds. # If you are embedding feedparser in a larger application, you should @@ -46,3 +52,20 @@ RESOLVE_RELATIVE_URIS = 1 # If you want feedparser to automatically sanitize all potentially unsafe # HTML content, set this to 1. SANITIZE_HTML = 1 + + +# If you want feedparser to use only a prefix of the feed to detect encodings +# (uses less memory), set this to 1. +OPTIMISTIC_ENCODING_DETECTION = 1 + + +__all__ = ( + "parse", + "registerDateHandler", + "FeedParserDict", + "FeedparserError", + "CharacterEncodingOverride", + "CharacterEncodingUnknown", + "NonXMLContentType", + "UndeclaredNamespace", +) diff --git a/lib/feedparser/api.py b/lib/feedparser/api.py index c56237be..fe49c56d 100644 --- a/lib/feedparser/api.py +++ b/lib/feedparser/api.py @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ # The public API for feedparser -# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee +# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim # All rights reserved. # @@ -26,29 +26,23 @@ # ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE # POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. -import datetime import io -import time -from typing import Dict, List, Union import urllib.error import urllib.parse import xml.sax +from typing import IO, Dict, Optional, Union -import sgmllib3k as sgmllib - -from .datetimes import registerDateHandler, _parse_date -from .encodings import convert_to_utf8 -from .html import BaseHTMLProcessor from . import http +from .encodings import MissingEncoding, convert_file_to_utf8 +from .html import BaseHTMLProcessor from .mixin import XMLParserMixin +from .parsers.json import JSONParser from .parsers.loose import LooseXMLParser from .parsers.strict import StrictXMLParser -from .parsers.json import JSONParser from .sanitizer import replace_doctype -from .urls import convert_to_idn, make_safe_absolute_uri +from .urls import make_safe_absolute_uri from .util import FeedParserDict - # List of preferred XML parsers, by SAX driver name. These will be tried first, # but if they're not installed, Python will keep searching through its own list # of pre-installed parsers until it finds one that supports everything we need. @@ -57,27 +51,30 @@ PREFERRED_XML_PARSERS = ["drv_libxml2"] _XML_AVAILABLE = True SUPPORTED_VERSIONS = { - '': 'unknown', - 'rss090': 'RSS 0.90', - 'rss091n': 'RSS 0.91 (Netscape)', - 'rss091u': 'RSS 0.91 (Userland)', - 'rss092': 'RSS 0.92', - 'rss093': 'RSS 0.93', - 'rss094': 'RSS 0.94', - 'rss20': 'RSS 2.0', - 'rss10': 'RSS 1.0', - 'rss': 'RSS (unknown version)', - 'atom01': 'Atom 0.1', - 'atom02': 'Atom 0.2', - 'atom03': 'Atom 0.3', - 'atom10': 'Atom 1.0', - 'atom': 'Atom (unknown version)', - 'cdf': 'CDF', - 'json1': 'JSON feed 1', + "": "unknown", + "rss090": "RSS 0.90", + "rss091n": "RSS 0.91 (Netscape)", + "rss091u": "RSS 0.91 (Userland)", + "rss092": "RSS 0.92", + "rss093": "RSS 0.93", + "rss094": "RSS 0.94", + "rss20": "RSS 2.0", + "rss10": "RSS 1.0", + "rss": "RSS (unknown version)", + "atom01": "Atom 0.1", + "atom02": "Atom 0.2", + "atom03": "Atom 0.3", + "atom10": "Atom 1.0", + "atom": "Atom (unknown version)", + "cdf": "CDF", + "json1": "JSON feed 1", } -def _open_resource(url_file_stream_or_string, etag, modified, agent, referrer, handlers, request_headers, result): +def _open_resource( + url_file_stream_or_string, + result, +): """URL, filename, or string --> stream This function lets you define parsers that take any input source @@ -86,43 +83,44 @@ def _open_resource(url_file_stream_or_string, etag, modified, agent, referrer, h to have all the basic stdio read methods (read, readline, readlines). Just .close() the object when you're done with it. - If the etag argument is supplied, it will be used as the value of an - If-None-Match request header. - - If the modified argument is supplied, it can be a tuple of 9 integers - (as returned by gmtime() in the standard Python time module) or a date - string in any format supported by feedparser. Regardless, it MUST - be in GMT (Greenwich Mean Time). It will be reformatted into an - RFC 1123-compliant date and used as the value of an If-Modified-Since - request header. - - If the agent argument is supplied, it will be used as the value of a - User-Agent request header. - - If the referrer argument is supplied, it will be used as the value of a - Referer[sic] request header. - - If handlers is supplied, it is a list of handlers used to build a - urllib2 opener. - - if request_headers is supplied it is a dictionary of HTTP request headers - that will override the values generated by FeedParser. - - :return: A bytes object. + :return: A seekable, readable file object. """ - if hasattr(url_file_stream_or_string, 'read'): - return url_file_stream_or_string.read() + # Some notes on the history of the implementation of _open_resource(). + # + # parse() might need to go over the feed content twice: + # if the strict parser fails, it tries again with the loose parser. + # + # In 5.2.0, this returned an open file, to be read() by parse(). + # By 6.0.8, this returned bytes directly. + # + # Since #296 (>6.0.8), this once again returns an open file + # (to reduce memory usage, see convert_file_to_utf8() for details). + # However, to accommodate parse() needing the content twice, + # the returned file is guaranteed to be seekable. + # (If the underlying resource is not seekable, + # the content is read and wrapped in a io.BytesIO/StringIO.) - if isinstance(url_file_stream_or_string, str) \ - and urllib.parse.urlparse(url_file_stream_or_string)[0] in ('http', 'https', 'ftp', 'file', 'feed'): - return http.get(url_file_stream_or_string, etag, modified, agent, referrer, handlers, request_headers, result) + if callable(getattr(url_file_stream_or_string, "read", None)): + if callable(getattr(url_file_stream_or_string, "seekable", None)): + if url_file_stream_or_string.seekable(): + return url_file_stream_or_string + return _to_in_memory_file(url_file_stream_or_string.read()) + + looks_like_url = isinstance( + url_file_stream_or_string, str + ) and urllib.parse.urlparse(url_file_stream_or_string)[0] in ( + "http", + "https", + ) + if looks_like_url: + data = http.get(url_file_stream_or_string, result) + return io.BytesIO(data) # try to open with native open function (if url_file_stream_or_string is a filename) try: - with open(url_file_stream_or_string, 'rb') as f: - data = f.read() - except (IOError, UnicodeEncodeError, TypeError, ValueError): + return open(url_file_stream_or_string, "rb") + except (OSError, TypeError, ValueError): # if url_file_stream_or_string is a str object that # cannot be converted to the encoding returned by # sys.getfilesystemencoding(), a UnicodeEncodeError @@ -131,33 +129,32 @@ def _open_resource(url_file_stream_or_string, etag, modified, agent, referrer, h # (such as an XML document encoded in UTF-32), TypeError will # be thrown. pass - else: - return data - # treat url_file_stream_or_string as string - if not isinstance(url_file_stream_or_string, bytes): - return url_file_stream_or_string.encode('utf-8') - return url_file_stream_or_string + # treat url_file_stream_or_string as bytes/string + return _to_in_memory_file(url_file_stream_or_string) + + +def _to_in_memory_file(data): + if isinstance(data, str): + return io.StringIO(data) + else: + return io.BytesIO(data) class LooseFeedParser(LooseXMLParser, XMLParserMixin, BaseHTMLProcessor): pass + class StrictFeedParser(StrictXMLParser, XMLParserMixin, xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler): pass def parse( - url_file_stream_or_string, - etag: str = None, - modified: Union[str, datetime.datetime, time.struct_time] = None, - agent: str = None, - referrer: str = None, - handlers: List = None, - request_headers: Dict[str, str] = None, - response_headers: Dict[str, str] = None, - resolve_relative_uris: bool = None, - sanitize_html: bool = None, + url_file_stream_or_string, + response_headers: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None, + resolve_relative_uris: Optional[bool] = None, + sanitize_html: Optional[bool] = None, + optimistic_encoding_detection: Optional[bool] = None, ) -> FeedParserDict: """Parse a feed from a URL, file, stream, or string. @@ -174,20 +171,6 @@ def parse( When a URL is not passed the feed location to use in relative URL resolution should be passed in the ``Content-Location`` response header (see ``response_headers`` below). - :param etag: - HTTP ``ETag`` request header. - :param modified: - HTTP ``Last-Modified`` request header. - :param agent: - HTTP ``User-Agent`` request header, which defaults to - the value of :data:`feedparser.USER_AGENT`. - :param referrer: - HTTP ``Referer`` [sic] request header. - :param handlers: - A list of handlers that will be passed to urllib2. - :param request_headers: - A mapping of HTTP header name to HTTP header value to add to the - request, overriding internally generated values. :param response_headers: A mapping of HTTP header name to HTTP header value. Multiple values may be joined with a comma. If a HTTP request was made, these headers @@ -201,20 +184,14 @@ def parse( Should feedparser skip HTML sanitization? Only disable this if you know what you are doing! Defaults to the value of :data:`feedparser.SANITIZE_HTML`, which is ``True``. + :param optimistic_encoding_detection: + Should feedparser use only a prefix of the feed to detect encodings + (uses less memory, but the wrong encoding may be detected in rare cases). + Defaults to the value of + :data:`feedparser.OPTIMISTIC_ENCODING_DETECTION`, which is ``True``. """ - # Avoid a cyclic import. - if not agent: - import feedparser - agent = feedparser.USER_AGENT - if sanitize_html is None: - import feedparser - sanitize_html = bool(feedparser.SANITIZE_HTML) - if resolve_relative_uris is None: - import feedparser - resolve_relative_uris = bool(feedparser.RESOLVE_RELATIVE_URIS) - result = FeedParserDict( bozo=False, entries=[], @@ -223,50 +200,110 @@ def parse( ) try: - data = _open_resource(url_file_stream_or_string, etag, modified, agent, referrer, handlers, request_headers, result) + file = _open_resource( + url_file_stream_or_string, + result, + ) except urllib.error.URLError as error: - result.update({ - 'bozo': True, - 'bozo_exception': error, - }) + result.update( + { + "bozo": True, + "bozo_exception": error, + } + ) return result - if not data: + # at this point, the file is guaranteed to be seekable; + # we read 1 byte/character to see if it's empty and return early + # (this preserves the behavior in 6.0.8) + initial_file_offset = file.tell() + if not file.read(1): return result + file.seek(initial_file_offset) # overwrite existing headers using response_headers - result['headers'].update(response_headers or {}) + result["headers"].update(response_headers or {}) - data = convert_to_utf8(result['headers'], data, result) - use_json_parser = result['content-type'] == 'application/json' - use_strict_parser = result['encoding'] and True or False + try: + _parse_file_inplace( + file, + result, + resolve_relative_uris=resolve_relative_uris, + sanitize_html=sanitize_html, + optimistic_encoding_detection=optimistic_encoding_detection, + ) + finally: + if not hasattr(url_file_stream_or_string, "read"): + # the file does not come from the user, close it + file.close() - if not use_json_parser: - result['version'], data, entities = replace_doctype(data) + return result + + +def _parse_file_inplace( + file: Union[IO[bytes], IO[str]], + result: dict, + *, + resolve_relative_uris: Optional[bool] = None, + sanitize_html: Optional[bool] = None, + optimistic_encoding_detection: Optional[bool] = None, +) -> None: + # Avoid a cyclic import. + import feedparser + + if sanitize_html is None: + sanitize_html = bool(feedparser.SANITIZE_HTML) + if resolve_relative_uris is None: + resolve_relative_uris = bool(feedparser.RESOLVE_RELATIVE_URIS) + if optimistic_encoding_detection is None: + optimistic_encoding_detection = bool(feedparser.OPTIMISTIC_ENCODING_DETECTION) + + stream_factory = convert_file_to_utf8( + result["headers"], file, result, optimistic_encoding_detection + ) + # We're done with file, all access must happen through stream_factory. + del file + + # Some notes about the stream_factory.get_{text,binary}_file() methods: + # + # Calling them a second time will raise io.UnsupportedOperation + # if the underlying file was not seekable. + # + # Calling close() on the returned file is ignored + # (that is, the underlying file is *not* closed), + # because the SAX parser closes the file when done; + # we don't want that, since we might try again with the loose parser. + + use_json_parser = False + if result["content-type"] in {"application/json", "application/feed+json"}: + use_json_parser = True + use_strict_parser = bool(result["encoding"]) + + result["version"], stream_factory.prefix, entities = replace_doctype( + stream_factory.prefix + ) # Ensure that baseuri is an absolute URI using an acceptable URI scheme. - contentloc = result['headers'].get('content-location', '') - href = result.get('href', '') - baseuri = make_safe_absolute_uri(href, contentloc) or make_safe_absolute_uri(contentloc) or href + contentloc = result["headers"].get("content-location", "") + href = result.get("href", "") + baseuri = ( + make_safe_absolute_uri(href, contentloc) + or make_safe_absolute_uri(contentloc) + or href + ) - baselang = result['headers'].get('content-language', None) + baselang = result["headers"].get("content-language", None) if isinstance(baselang, bytes) and baselang is not None: - baselang = baselang.decode('utf-8', 'ignore') + baselang = baselang.decode("utf-8", "ignore") if not _XML_AVAILABLE: use_strict_parser = False + feed_parser: Union[JSONParser, StrictFeedParser, LooseFeedParser] - if use_json_parser: - result['version'] = None - feed_parser = JSONParser(baseuri, baselang, 'utf-8') - try: - feed_parser.feed(data) - except Exception as e: - result['bozo'] = 1 - result['bozo_exception'] = e - elif use_strict_parser: + + if use_strict_parser and not use_json_parser: # Initialize the SAX parser. - feed_parser = StrictFeedParser(baseuri, baselang, 'utf-8') + feed_parser = StrictFeedParser(baseuri, baselang, "utf-8") feed_parser.resolve_relative_uris = resolve_relative_uris feed_parser.sanitize_html = sanitize_html saxparser = xml.sax.make_parser(PREFERRED_XML_PARSERS) @@ -279,27 +316,62 @@ def parse( saxparser.setContentHandler(feed_parser) saxparser.setErrorHandler(feed_parser) source = xml.sax.xmlreader.InputSource() - source.setByteStream(io.BytesIO(data)) + + # If an encoding was detected, decode the file on the fly; + # otherwise, pass it as-is and let the SAX parser deal with it. + try: + source.setCharacterStream(stream_factory.get_text_file()) + except MissingEncoding: + source.setByteStream(stream_factory.get_binary_file()) + try: saxparser.parse(source) except xml.sax.SAXException as e: - result['bozo'] = 1 - result['bozo_exception'] = feed_parser.exc or e + result["bozo"] = 1 + result["bozo_exception"] = feed_parser.exc or e use_strict_parser = False - # The loose XML parser will be tried if the JSON parser was not used, - # and if the strict XML parser was not used (or if it failed). - if not use_json_parser and not use_strict_parser: - feed_parser = LooseFeedParser(baseuri, baselang, 'utf-8', entities) + # The loose XML parser will be tried if the strict XML parser was not used + # (or if it failed to parse the feed). + if not use_strict_parser and not use_json_parser: + feed_parser = LooseFeedParser(baseuri, baselang, "utf-8", entities) feed_parser.resolve_relative_uris = resolve_relative_uris feed_parser.sanitize_html = sanitize_html - feed_parser.feed(data.decode('utf-8', 'replace')) - result['feed'] = feed_parser.feeddata - result['entries'] = feed_parser.entries - result['version'] = result['version'] or feed_parser.version + # If an encoding was detected, use it; otherwise, assume utf-8 and do your best. + # Will raise io.UnsupportedOperation if the underlying file is not seekable. + data = stream_factory.get_text_file("utf-8", "replace").read() + + # As of 6.0.8, LooseFeedParser.feed() can be called exactly once + # with the entire data (it does some re.sub() and str.replace() on it). + # + # SGMLParser (of which LooseFeedParser is a subclass) + # *can* be fed in a streaming fashion, + # by calling feed() repeatedly with chunks of text. + # + # When/if LooseFeedParser will support being fed chunks, + # replace the read() call above with read(size)/feed() calls in a loop. + + feed_parser.feed(data) + + # If parsing with the loose XML parser resulted in no information, + # flag that the JSON parser should be tried. + if not (feed_parser.entries or feed_parser.feeddata or feed_parser.version): + use_json_parser = True + + if use_json_parser: + result["version"] = None + feed_parser = JSONParser(baseuri, baselang, "utf-8") + try: + feed_parser.feed(stream_factory.get_file()) + except Exception as e: + result["bozo"] = 1 + result["bozo_exception"] = e + + result["feed"] = feed_parser.feeddata + result["entries"] = feed_parser.entries + result["version"] = result["version"] or feed_parser.version if isinstance(feed_parser, JSONParser): - result['namespaces'] = {} - else: - result['namespaces'] = feed_parser.namespaces_in_use - return result + result["namespaces"] = {} + else: + result["namespaces"] = feed_parser.namespaces_in_use diff --git a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/__init__.py b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/__init__.py index 9e09ec27..36b4857d 100644 --- a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/__init__.py +++ b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/__init__.py @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee +# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim # All rights reserved. # @@ -27,11 +27,12 @@ from time import struct_time from typing import Callable, List, Optional + from .asctime import _parse_date_asctime from .greek import _parse_date_greek from .hungarian import _parse_date_hungarian from .iso8601 import _parse_date_iso8601 -from .korean import _parse_date_onblog, _parse_date_nate +from .korean import _parse_date_nate, _parse_date_onblog from .perforce import _parse_date_perforce from .rfc822 import _parse_date_rfc822 from .w3dtf import _parse_date_w3dtf diff --git a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/asctime.py b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/asctime.py index c4b16249..5b75ca54 100644 --- a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/asctime.py +++ b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/asctime.py @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee +# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim # All rights reserved. # @@ -28,18 +28,18 @@ from .rfc822 import _parse_date_rfc822 _months = [ - 'jan', - 'feb', - 'mar', - 'apr', - 'may', - 'jun', - 'jul', - 'aug', - 'sep', - 'oct', - 'nov', - 'dec', + "jan", + "feb", + "mar", + "apr", + "may", + "jun", + "jul", + "aug", + "sep", + "oct", + "nov", + "dec", ] @@ -59,13 +59,22 @@ def _parse_date_asctime(dt): # Insert a GMT timezone, if needed. if len(parts) == 5: - parts.insert(4, '+0000') + parts.insert(4, "+0000") # Exit if there are not six parts. if len(parts) != 6: return None # Reassemble the parts in an RFC822-compatible order and parse them. - return _parse_date_rfc822(' '.join([ - parts[0], parts[2], parts[1], parts[5], parts[3], parts[4], - ])) + return _parse_date_rfc822( + " ".join( + [ + parts[0], + parts[2], + parts[1], + parts[5], + parts[3], + parts[4], + ] + ) + ) diff --git a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/greek.py b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/greek.py index 7f433fed..a6a54da7 100644 --- a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/greek.py +++ b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/greek.py @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee +# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim # All rights reserved. # @@ -31,38 +31,40 @@ from .rfc822 import _parse_date_rfc822 # Unicode strings for Greek date strings _greek_months = { - '\u0399\u03b1\u03bd': 'Jan', # c9e1ed in iso-8859-7 - '\u03a6\u03b5\u03b2': 'Feb', # d6e5e2 in iso-8859-7 - '\u039c\u03ac\u03ce': 'Mar', # ccdcfe in iso-8859-7 - '\u039c\u03b1\u03ce': 'Mar', # cce1fe in iso-8859-7 - '\u0391\u03c0\u03c1': 'Apr', # c1f0f1 in iso-8859-7 - '\u039c\u03ac\u03b9': 'May', # ccdce9 in iso-8859-7 - '\u039c\u03b1\u03ca': 'May', # cce1fa in iso-8859-7 - '\u039c\u03b1\u03b9': 'May', # cce1e9 in iso-8859-7 - '\u0399\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd': 'Jun', # c9effded in iso-8859-7 - '\u0399\u03bf\u03bd': 'Jun', # c9efed in iso-8859-7 - '\u0399\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb': 'Jul', # c9effdeb in iso-8859-7 - '\u0399\u03bf\u03bb': 'Jul', # c9f9eb in iso-8859-7 - '\u0391\u03cd\u03b3': 'Aug', # c1fde3 in iso-8859-7 - '\u0391\u03c5\u03b3': 'Aug', # c1f5e3 in iso-8859-7 - '\u03a3\u03b5\u03c0': 'Sep', # d3e5f0 in iso-8859-7 - '\u039f\u03ba\u03c4': 'Oct', # cfeaf4 in iso-8859-7 - '\u039d\u03bf\u03ad': 'Nov', # cdefdd in iso-8859-7 - '\u039d\u03bf\u03b5': 'Nov', # cdefe5 in iso-8859-7 - '\u0394\u03b5\u03ba': 'Dec', # c4e5ea in iso-8859-7 + "\u0399\u03b1\u03bd": "Jan", # c9e1ed in iso-8859-7 + "\u03a6\u03b5\u03b2": "Feb", # d6e5e2 in iso-8859-7 + "\u039c\u03ac\u03ce": "Mar", # ccdcfe in iso-8859-7 + "\u039c\u03b1\u03ce": "Mar", # cce1fe in iso-8859-7 + "\u0391\u03c0\u03c1": "Apr", # c1f0f1 in iso-8859-7 + "\u039c\u03ac\u03b9": "May", # ccdce9 in iso-8859-7 + "\u039c\u03b1\u03ca": "May", # cce1fa in iso-8859-7 + "\u039c\u03b1\u03b9": "May", # cce1e9 in iso-8859-7 + "\u0399\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd": "Jun", # c9effded in iso-8859-7 + "\u0399\u03bf\u03bd": "Jun", # c9efed in iso-8859-7 + "\u0399\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb": "Jul", # c9effdeb in iso-8859-7 + "\u0399\u03bf\u03bb": "Jul", # c9f9eb in iso-8859-7 + "\u0391\u03cd\u03b3": "Aug", # c1fde3 in iso-8859-7 + "\u0391\u03c5\u03b3": "Aug", # c1f5e3 in iso-8859-7 + "\u03a3\u03b5\u03c0": "Sep", # d3e5f0 in iso-8859-7 + "\u039f\u03ba\u03c4": "Oct", # cfeaf4 in iso-8859-7 + "\u039d\u03bf\u03ad": "Nov", # cdefdd in iso-8859-7 + "\u039d\u03bf\u03b5": "Nov", # cdefe5 in iso-8859-7 + "\u0394\u03b5\u03ba": "Dec", # c4e5ea in iso-8859-7 } _greek_wdays = { - '\u039a\u03c5\u03c1': 'Sun', # caf5f1 in iso-8859-7 - '\u0394\u03b5\u03c5': 'Mon', # c4e5f5 in iso-8859-7 - '\u03a4\u03c1\u03b9': 'Tue', # d4f1e9 in iso-8859-7 - '\u03a4\u03b5\u03c4': 'Wed', # d4e5f4 in iso-8859-7 - '\u03a0\u03b5\u03bc': 'Thu', # d0e5ec in iso-8859-7 - '\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1': 'Fri', # d0e1f1 in iso-8859-7 - '\u03a3\u03b1\u03b2': 'Sat', # d3e1e2 in iso-8859-7 + "\u039a\u03c5\u03c1": "Sun", # caf5f1 in iso-8859-7 + "\u0394\u03b5\u03c5": "Mon", # c4e5f5 in iso-8859-7 + "\u03a4\u03c1\u03b9": "Tue", # d4f1e9 in iso-8859-7 + "\u03a4\u03b5\u03c4": "Wed", # d4e5f4 in iso-8859-7 + "\u03a0\u03b5\u03bc": "Thu", # d0e5ec in iso-8859-7 + "\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1": "Fri", # d0e1f1 in iso-8859-7 + "\u03a3\u03b1\u03b2": "Sat", # d3e1e2 in iso-8859-7 } -_greek_date_format_re = re.compile(r'([^,]+),\s+(\d{2})\s+([^\s]+)\s+(\d{4})\s+(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2})\s+([^\s]+)') +_greek_date_format_re = re.compile( + r"([^,]+),\s+(\d{2})\s+([^\s]+)\s+(\d{4})\s+(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2})\s+([^\s]+)" +) def _parse_date_greek(date_string): @@ -72,15 +74,17 @@ def _parse_date_greek(date_string): return wday = _greek_wdays[m.group(1)] month = _greek_months[m.group(3)] - rfc822date = '%(wday)s, %(day)s %(month)s %(year)s %(hour)s:%(minute)s:%(second)s %(zonediff)s' % \ - { - 'wday': wday, - 'day': m.group(2), - 'month': month, - 'year': m.group(4), - 'hour': m.group(5), - 'minute': m.group(6), - 'second': m.group(7), - 'zonediff': m.group(8), - } + rfc822date = ( + "%(wday)s, %(day)s %(month)s %(year)s %(hour)s:%(minute)s:%(second)s %(offset)s" + % { + "wday": wday, + "day": m.group(2), + "month": month, + "year": m.group(4), + "hour": m.group(5), + "minute": m.group(6), + "second": m.group(7), + "offset": m.group(8), + } + ) return _parse_date_rfc822(rfc822date) diff --git a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/hungarian.py b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/hungarian.py index 691a6ebc..b4fa8436 100644 --- a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/hungarian.py +++ b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/hungarian.py @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee +# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim # All rights reserved. # @@ -31,21 +31,23 @@ from .w3dtf import _parse_date_w3dtf # Unicode strings for Hungarian date strings _hungarian_months = { - 'janu\u00e1r': '01', # e1 in iso-8859-2 - 'febru\u00e1ri': '02', # e1 in iso-8859-2 - 'm\u00e1rcius': '03', # e1 in iso-8859-2 - '\u00e1prilis': '04', # e1 in iso-8859-2 - 'm\u00e1ujus': '05', # e1 in iso-8859-2 - 'j\u00fanius': '06', # fa in iso-8859-2 - 'j\u00falius': '07', # fa in iso-8859-2 - 'augusztus': '08', - 'szeptember': '09', - 'okt\u00f3ber': '10', # f3 in iso-8859-2 - 'november': '11', - 'december': '12', + "janu\u00e1r": "01", # e1 in iso-8859-2 + "febru\u00e1ri": "02", # e1 in iso-8859-2 + "m\u00e1rcius": "03", # e1 in iso-8859-2 + "\u00e1prilis": "04", # e1 in iso-8859-2 + "m\u00e1ujus": "05", # e1 in iso-8859-2 + "j\u00fanius": "06", # fa in iso-8859-2 + "j\u00falius": "07", # fa in iso-8859-2 + "augusztus": "08", + "szeptember": "09", + "okt\u00f3ber": "10", # f3 in iso-8859-2 + "november": "11", + "december": "12", } -_hungarian_date_format_re = re.compile(r'(\d{4})-([^-]+)-(\d{,2})T(\d{,2}):(\d{2})([+-](\d{,2}:\d{2}))') +_hungarian_date_format_re = re.compile( + r"(\d{4})-([^-]+)-(\d{,2})T(\d{,2}):(\d{2})([+-](\d{,2}:\d{2}))" +) def _parse_date_hungarian(date_string): @@ -56,17 +58,9 @@ def _parse_date_hungarian(date_string): month = _hungarian_months[m.group(2)] day = m.group(3) if len(day) == 1: - day = '0' + day + day = "0" + day hour = m.group(4) if len(hour) == 1: - hour = '0' + hour - w3dtfdate = '%(year)s-%(month)s-%(day)sT%(hour)s:%(minute)s%(zonediff)s' % \ - { - 'year': m.group(1), - 'month': month, - 'day': day, - 'hour': hour, - 'minute': m.group(5), - 'zonediff': m.group(6), - } + hour = "0" + hour + w3dtfdate = f"{m.group(1)}-{month}-{day}T{hour}:{m.group(5)}{m.group(6)}" return _parse_date_w3dtf(w3dtfdate) diff --git a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/iso8601.py b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/iso8601.py index 3d3b3f96..8130cc9b 100644 --- a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/iso8601.py +++ b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/iso8601.py @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee +# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim # All rights reserved. # @@ -38,36 +38,36 @@ import time # Please note the order in templates is significant because we need a # greedy match. _iso8601_tmpl = [ - 'YYYY-?MM-?DD', - 'YYYY-0MM?-?DD', - 'YYYY-MM', - 'YYYY-?OOO', - 'YY-?MM-?DD', - 'YY-?OOO', - 'YYYY', - '-YY-?MM', - '-OOO', - '-YY', - '--MM-?DD', - '--MM', - '---DD', - 'CC', - '', + "YYYY-?MM-?DD", + "YYYY-0MM?-?DD", + "YYYY-MM", + "YYYY-?OOO", + "YY-?MM-?DD", + "YY-?OOO", + "YYYY", + "-YY-?MM", + "-OOO", + "-YY", + "--MM-?DD", + "--MM", + "---DD", + "CC", + "", ] _iso8601_re = [ - tmpl.replace( - 'YYYY', r'(?P\d{4})').replace( - 'YY', r'(?P\d\d)').replace( - 'MM', r'(?P[01]\d)').replace( - 'DD', r'(?P[0123]\d)').replace( - 'OOO', r'(?P[0123]\d\d)').replace( - 'CC', r'(?P\d\d$)') - + r'(T?(?P\d{2}):(?P\d{2})' - + r'(:(?P\d{2}))?' - + r'(\.(?P\d+))?' - + r'(?P[+-](?P\d{2})(:(?P\d{2}))?|Z)?)?' - for tmpl in _iso8601_tmpl] + tmpl.replace("YYYY", r"(?P\d{4})") + .replace("YY", r"(?P\d\d)") + .replace("MM", r"(?P[01]\d)") + .replace("DD", r"(?P[0123]\d)") + .replace("OOO", r"(?P[0123]\d\d)") + .replace("CC", r"(?P\d\d$)") + + r"(T?(?P\d{2}):(?P\d{2})" + + r"(:(?P\d{2}))?" + + r"(\.(?P\d+))?" + + r"(?P[+-](?P\d{2})(:(?P\d{2}))?|Z)?)?" + for tmpl in _iso8601_tmpl +] _iso8601_matches = [re.compile(regex).match for regex in _iso8601_re] @@ -83,21 +83,21 @@ def _parse_date_iso8601(date_string): if m.span() == (0, 0): return params = m.groupdict() - ordinal = params.get('ordinal', 0) + ordinal = params.get("ordinal", 0) if ordinal: ordinal = int(ordinal) else: ordinal = 0 - year = params.get('year', '--') - if not year or year == '--': + year = params.get("year", "--") + if not year or year == "--": year = time.gmtime()[0] elif len(year) == 2: # ISO 8601 assumes current century, i.e. 93 -> 2093, NOT 1993 year = 100 * int(time.gmtime()[0] / 100) + int(year) else: year = int(year) - month = params.get('month', '-') - if not month or month == '-': + month = params.get("month", "-") + if not month or month == "-": # ordinals are NOT normalized by mktime, we simulate them # by setting month=1, day=ordinal if ordinal: @@ -105,13 +105,14 @@ def _parse_date_iso8601(date_string): else: month = time.gmtime()[1] month = int(month) - day = params.get('day', 0) + day = params.get("day", 0) if not day: # see above if ordinal: day = ordinal - elif params.get('century', 0) or \ - params.get('year', 0) or params.get('month', 0): + elif ( + params.get("century", 0) or params.get("year", 0) or params.get("month", 0) + ): day = 1 else: day = time.gmtime()[2] @@ -119,29 +120,38 @@ def _parse_date_iso8601(date_string): day = int(day) # special case of the century - is the first year of the 21st century # 2000 or 2001 ? The debate goes on... - if 'century' in params: - year = (int(params['century']) - 1) * 100 + 1 + if "century" in params: + year = (int(params["century"]) - 1) * 100 + 1 # in ISO 8601 most fields are optional - for field in ['hour', 'minute', 'second', 'tzhour', 'tzmin']: + for field in ["hour", "minute", "second", "tzhour", "tzmin"]: if not params.get(field, None): params[field] = 0 - hour = int(params.get('hour', 0)) - minute = int(params.get('minute', 0)) - second = int(float(params.get('second', 0))) + hour = int(params.get("hour", 0)) + minute = int(params.get("minute", 0)) + second = int(float(params.get("second", 0))) # weekday is normalized by mktime(), we can ignore it weekday = 0 daylight_savings_flag = -1 - tm = [year, month, day, hour, minute, second, weekday, - ordinal, daylight_savings_flag] + tm = [ + year, + month, + day, + hour, + minute, + second, + weekday, + ordinal, + daylight_savings_flag, + ] # ISO 8601 time zone adjustments - tz = params.get('tz') - if tz and tz != 'Z': - if tz[0] == '-': - tm[3] += int(params.get('tzhour', 0)) - tm[4] += int(params.get('tzmin', 0)) - elif tz[0] == '+': - tm[3] -= int(params.get('tzhour', 0)) - tm[4] -= int(params.get('tzmin', 0)) + tz = params.get("tz") + if tz and tz != "Z": + if tz[0] == "-": + tm[3] += int(params.get("tzhour", 0)) + tm[4] += int(params.get("tzmin", 0)) + elif tz[0] == "+": + tm[3] -= int(params.get("tzhour", 0)) + tm[4] -= int(params.get("tzmin", 0)) else: return None # Python's time.mktime() is a wrapper around the ANSI C mktime(3c) diff --git a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/korean.py b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/korean.py index 788d4666..4c5494f2 100644 --- a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/korean.py +++ b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/korean.py @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee +# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim # All rights reserved. # @@ -30,20 +30,21 @@ import re from .w3dtf import _parse_date_w3dtf # 8-bit date handling routines written by ytrewq1. -_korean_year = '\ub144' # b3e2 in euc-kr -_korean_month = '\uc6d4' # bff9 in euc-kr -_korean_day = '\uc77c' # c0cf in euc-kr -_korean_am = '\uc624\uc804' # bfc0 c0fc in euc-kr -_korean_pm = '\uc624\ud6c4' # bfc0 c8c4 in euc-kr +_korean_year = "\ub144" # b3e2 in euc-kr +_korean_month = "\uc6d4" # bff9 in euc-kr +_korean_day = "\uc77c" # c0cf in euc-kr +_korean_am = "\uc624\uc804" # bfc0 c0fc in euc-kr +_korean_pm = "\uc624\ud6c4" # bfc0 c8c4 in euc-kr _korean_onblog_date_re = re.compile( - r'(\d{4})%s\s+(\d{2})%s\s+(\d{2})%s\s+(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2})' + r"(\d{4})%s\s+(\d{2})%s\s+(\d{2})%s\s+(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2})" % (_korean_year, _korean_month, _korean_day) ) _korean_nate_date_re = re.compile( - r'(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})\s+(%s|%s)\s+(\d{,2}):(\d{,2}):(\d{,2})' - % (_korean_am, _korean_pm)) + r"(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})\s+(%s|%s)\s+(\d{,2}):(\d{,2}):(\d{,2})" + % (_korean_am, _korean_pm) +) def _parse_date_onblog(dateString): @@ -51,10 +52,18 @@ def _parse_date_onblog(dateString): m = _korean_onblog_date_re.match(dateString) if not m: return - w3dtfdate = '%(year)s-%(month)s-%(day)sT%(hour)s:%(minute)s:%(second)s%(zonediff)s' % \ - {'year': m.group(1), 'month': m.group(2), 'day': m.group(3), - 'hour': m.group(4), 'minute': m.group(5), 'second': m.group(6), - 'zonediff': '+09:00'} + w3dtfdate = ( + "%(year)s-%(month)s-%(day)sT%(hour)s:%(minute)s:%(second)s%(zonediff)s" + % { + "year": m.group(1), + "month": m.group(2), + "day": m.group(3), + "hour": m.group(4), + "minute": m.group(5), + "second": m.group(6), + "zonediff": "+09:00", + } + ) return _parse_date_w3dtf(w3dtfdate) @@ -69,15 +78,17 @@ def _parse_date_nate(dateString): hour += 12 hour = str(hour) if len(hour) == 1: - hour = '0' + hour - w3dtfdate = '%(year)s-%(month)s-%(day)sT%(hour)s:%(minute)s:%(second)s%(zonediff)s' % \ - { - 'year': m.group(1), - 'month': m.group(2), - 'day': m.group(3), - 'hour': hour, - 'minute': m.group(6), - 'second': m.group(7), - 'zonediff': '+09:00', - } + hour = "0" + hour + w3dtfdate = ( + "%(year)s-%(month)s-%(day)sT%(hour)s:%(minute)s:%(second)s%(zonediff)s" + % { + "year": m.group(1), + "month": m.group(2), + "day": m.group(3), + "hour": hour, + "minute": m.group(6), + "second": m.group(7), + "zonediff": "+09:00", + } + ) return _parse_date_w3dtf(w3dtfdate) diff --git a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/perforce.py b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/perforce.py index d62d722f..8d75eb5b 100644 --- a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/perforce.py +++ b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/perforce.py @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee +# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim # All rights reserved. # @@ -33,14 +33,31 @@ import time def _parse_date_perforce(date_string): """parse a date in yyyy/mm/dd hh:mm:ss TTT format""" # Fri, 2006/09/15 08:19:53 EDT - _my_date_pattern = re.compile(r'(\w{,3}), (\d{,4})/(\d{,2})/(\d{2}) (\d{,2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2}) (\w{,3})') + _my_date_pattern = re.compile( + r"(\w{,3}), (\d{,4})/(\d{,2})/(\d{2}) (\d{,2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2}) (\w{,3})" + ) m = _my_date_pattern.search(date_string) if m is None: return None dow, year, month, day, hour, minute, second, tz = m.groups() - months = ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'] - new_date_string = "%s, %s %s %s %s:%s:%s %s" % (dow, day, months[int(month) - 1], year, hour, minute, second, tz) + months = [ + "Jan", + "Feb", + "Mar", + "Apr", + "May", + "Jun", + "Jul", + "Aug", + "Sep", + "Oct", + "Nov", + "Dec", + ] + new_date_string = ( + f"{dow}, {day} {months[int(month) - 1]} {year} {hour}:{minute}:{second} {tz}" + ) tm = email.utils.parsedate_tz(new_date_string) if tm: return time.gmtime(email.utils.mktime_tz(tm)) diff --git a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/rfc822.py b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/rfc822.py index 871e18fd..5f300f1d 100644 --- a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/rfc822.py +++ b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/rfc822.py @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee +# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim # All rights reserved. # @@ -28,20 +28,45 @@ import datetime timezone_names = { - 'ut': 0, 'gmt': 0, 'z': 0, - 'adt': -3, 'ast': -4, 'at': -4, - 'edt': -4, 'est': -5, 'et': -5, - 'cdt': -5, 'cst': -6, 'ct': -6, - 'mdt': -6, 'mst': -7, 'mt': -7, - 'pdt': -7, 'pst': -8, 'pt': -8, - 'a': -1, 'n': 1, - 'm': -12, 'y': 12, - 'met': 1, 'mest': 2, + "ut": 0, + "gmt": 0, + "z": 0, + "adt": -3, + "ast": -4, + "at": -4, + "edt": -4, + "est": -5, + "et": -5, + "cdt": -5, + "cst": -6, + "ct": -6, + "mdt": -6, + "mst": -7, + "mt": -7, + "pdt": -7, + "pst": -8, + "pt": -8, + "a": -1, + "n": 1, + "m": -12, + "y": 12, + "met": 1, + "mest": 2, } -day_names = {'mon', 'tue', 'wed', 'thu', 'fri', 'sat', 'sun'} +day_names = {"mon", "tue", "wed", "thu", "fri", "sat", "sun"} months = { - 'jan': 1, 'feb': 2, 'mar': 3, 'apr': 4, 'may': 5, 'jun': 6, - 'jul': 7, 'aug': 8, 'sep': 9, 'oct': 10, 'nov': 11, 'dec': 12, + "jan": 1, + "feb": 2, + "mar": 3, + "apr": 4, + "may": 5, + "jun": 6, + "jul": 7, + "aug": 8, + "sep": 9, + "oct": 10, + "nov": 11, + "dec": 12, } @@ -63,7 +88,7 @@ def _parse_date_rfc822(date): parts = date.lower().split() if len(parts) < 5: # Assume that the time and timezone are missing - parts.extend(('00:00:00', '0000')) + parts.extend(("00:00:00", "0000")) # Remove the day name if parts[0][:3] in day_names: parts = parts[1:] @@ -101,26 +126,26 @@ def _parse_date_rfc822(date): year += (1900, 2000)[year < 90] # Handle the time (default to 00:00:00). - time_parts = parts[3].split(':') - time_parts.extend(('0',) * (3 - len(time_parts))) + time_parts = parts[3].split(":") + time_parts.extend(("0",) * (3 - len(time_parts))) try: - (hour, minute, second) = [int(i) for i in time_parts] + (hour, minute, second) = (int(i) for i in time_parts) except ValueError: return None # Handle the timezone information, if any (default to +0000). # Strip 'Etc/' from the timezone. - if parts[4].startswith('etc/'): + if parts[4].startswith("etc/"): parts[4] = parts[4][4:] # Normalize timezones that start with 'gmt': # GMT-05:00 => -0500 # GMT => GMT - if parts[4].startswith('gmt'): - parts[4] = ''.join(parts[4][3:].split(':')) or 'gmt' + if parts[4].startswith("gmt"): + parts[4] = "".join(parts[4][3:].split(":")) or "gmt" # Handle timezones like '-0500', '+0500', and 'EST' - if parts[4] and parts[4][0] in ('-', '+'): + if parts[4] and parts[4][0] in ("-", "+"): try: - if ':' in parts[4]: + if ":" in parts[4]: timezone_hours = int(parts[4][1:3]) timezone_minutes = int(parts[4][4:]) else: @@ -128,7 +153,7 @@ def _parse_date_rfc822(date): timezone_minutes = int(parts[4][3:]) except ValueError: return None - if parts[4].startswith('-'): + if parts[4].startswith("-"): timezone_hours *= -1 timezone_minutes *= -1 else: diff --git a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/w3dtf.py b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/w3dtf.py index 6fb2c545..977005ca 100644 --- a/lib/feedparser/datetimes/w3dtf.py +++ b/lib/feedparser/datetimes/w3dtf.py @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee +# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim # All rights reserved. # @@ -28,14 +28,28 @@ import datetime timezonenames = { - 'ut': 0, 'gmt': 0, 'z': 0, - 'adt': -3, 'ast': -4, 'at': -4, - 'edt': -4, 'est': -5, 'et': -5, - 'cdt': -5, 'cst': -6, 'ct': -6, - 'mdt': -6, 'mst': -7, 'mt': -7, - 'pdt': -7, 'pst': -8, 'pt': -8, - 'a': -1, 'n': 1, - 'm': -12, 'y': 12, + "ut": 0, + "gmt": 0, + "z": 0, + "adt": -3, + "ast": -4, + "at": -4, + "edt": -4, + "est": -5, + "et": -5, + "cdt": -5, + "cst": -6, + "ct": -6, + "mdt": -6, + "mst": -7, + "mt": -7, + "pdt": -7, + "pst": -8, + "pt": -8, + "a": -1, + "n": 1, + "m": -12, + "y": 12, } # W3 date and time format parser # http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-datetime @@ -47,57 +61,57 @@ timezonenames = { def _parse_date_w3dtf(datestr): if not datestr.strip(): return None - parts = datestr.lower().split('t') + parts = datestr.lower().split("t") if len(parts) == 1: # This may be a date only, or may be an MSSQL-style date parts = parts[0].split() if len(parts) == 1: # Treat this as a date only - parts.append('00:00:00z') + parts.append("00:00:00z") elif len(parts) > 2: return None - date = parts[0].split('-', 2) + date = parts[0].split("-", 2) if not date or len(date[0]) != 4: return None # Ensure that `date` has 3 elements. Using '1' sets the default # month to January and the default day to the 1st of the month. - date.extend(['1'] * (3 - len(date))) + date.extend(["1"] * (3 - len(date))) try: - year, month, day = [int(i) for i in date] + year, month, day = (int(i) for i in date) except ValueError: # `date` may have more than 3 elements or may contain # non-integer strings. return None - if parts[1].endswith('z'): + if parts[1].endswith("z"): parts[1] = parts[1][:-1] - parts.append('z') + parts.append("z") # Append the numeric timezone offset, if any, to parts. # If this is an MSSQL-style date then parts[2] already contains # the timezone information, so `append()` will not affect it. # Add 1 to each value so that if `find()` returns -1 it will be # treated as False. - loc = parts[1].find('-') + 1 or parts[1].find('+') + 1 or len(parts[1]) + 1 + loc = parts[1].find("-") + 1 or parts[1].find("+") + 1 or len(parts[1]) + 1 loc = loc - 1 parts.append(parts[1][loc:]) parts[1] = parts[1][:loc] - time = parts[1].split(':', 2) + time = parts[1].split(":", 2) # Ensure that time has 3 elements. Using '0' means that the # minutes and seconds, if missing, will default to 0. - time.extend(['0'] * (3 - len(time))) - if parts[2][:1] in ('-', '+'): + time.extend(["0"] * (3 - len(time))) + if parts[2][:1] in ("-", "+"): try: tzhour = int(parts[2][1:3]) tzmin = int(parts[2][4:]) except ValueError: return None - if parts[2].startswith('-'): + if parts[2].startswith("-"): tzhour = tzhour * -1 tzmin = tzmin * -1 else: tzhour = timezonenames.get(parts[2], 0) tzmin = 0 try: - hour, minute, second = [int(float(i)) for i in time] + hour, minute, second = (int(float(i)) for i in time) except ValueError: return None # Create the datetime object and timezone delta objects diff --git a/lib/feedparser/encodings.py b/lib/feedparser/encodings.py index 73251fc1..a7be68ae 100644 --- a/lib/feedparser/encodings.py +++ b/lib/feedparser/encodings.py @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ # Character encoding routines -# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee +# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim # All rights reserved. # @@ -26,48 +26,53 @@ # ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE # POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. +from __future__ import annotations + import codecs +import io import re -import typing as t +import typing try: try: - import cchardet as chardet # type: ignore[import] + import cchardet as chardet # type: ignore[import] except ImportError: - import chardet # type: ignore[no-redef] + import chardet # type: ignore[no-redef] except ImportError: lazy_chardet_encoding = None else: + def lazy_chardet_encoding(data): - return chardet.detect(data)['encoding'] or '' + return chardet.detect(data)["encoding"] or "" + from .exceptions import ( CharacterEncodingOverride, CharacterEncodingUnknown, + FeedparserError, NonXMLContentType, ) - # Each marker represents some of the characters of the opening XML # processing instruction (' -RE_XML_DECLARATION = re.compile(r'^<\?xml[^>]*?>') +RE_XML_DECLARATION = re.compile(r"^<\?xml[^>]*?>") # Capture the value of the XML processing instruction's encoding attribute. # Example: -RE_XML_PI_ENCODING = re.compile(br'^<\?.*encoding=[\'"](.*?)[\'"].*\?>') +RE_XML_PI_ENCODING = re.compile(rb'^<\?.*encoding=[\'"](.*?)[\'"].*\?>') -def parse_content_type(line: str) -> t.Tuple[str, str]: +def parse_content_type(line: str) -> tuple[str, str]: """Parse an HTTP Content-Type header. The return value will be a tuple of strings: @@ -91,11 +96,10 @@ def parse_content_type(line: str) -> t.Tuple[str, str]: return mime_type, charset_value -def convert_to_utf8(http_headers, data, result): - """Detect and convert the character encoding to UTF-8. - - http_headers is a dictionary - data is a raw string (not Unicode)""" +def convert_to_utf8( + http_headers: dict[str, str], data: bytes, result: dict[str, typing.Any] +) -> bytes: + """Detect and convert the character encoding to UTF-8.""" # This is so much trickier than it sounds, it's not even funny. # According to RFC 3023 ('XML Media Types'), if the HTTP Content-Type @@ -134,12 +138,10 @@ def convert_to_utf8(http_headers, data, result): # Of course, none of this guarantees that we will be able to parse the # feed in the declared character encoding (assuming it was declared - # correctly, which many are not). iconv_codec can help a lot; - # you should definitely install it if you can. - # http://cjkpython.i18n.org/ + # correctly, which many are not). - bom_encoding = '' - xml_encoding = '' + bom_encoding = "" + xml_encoding = "" # Look at the first few bytes of the document to guess what # its encoding may be. We only need to decode enough of the @@ -149,50 +151,63 @@ def convert_to_utf8(http_headers, data, result): # http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#sec-guessing-no-ext-info # Check for BOMs first. if data[:4] == codecs.BOM_UTF32_BE: - bom_encoding = 'utf-32be' + bom_encoding = "utf-32be" data = data[4:] elif data[:4] == codecs.BOM_UTF32_LE: - bom_encoding = 'utf-32le' + bom_encoding = "utf-32le" data = data[4:] elif data[:2] == codecs.BOM_UTF16_BE and data[2:4] != ZERO_BYTES: - bom_encoding = 'utf-16be' + bom_encoding = "utf-16be" data = data[2:] elif data[:2] == codecs.BOM_UTF16_LE and data[2:4] != ZERO_BYTES: - bom_encoding = 'utf-16le' + bom_encoding = "utf-16le" data = data[2:] elif data[:3] == codecs.BOM_UTF8: - bom_encoding = 'utf-8' + bom_encoding = "utf-8" data = data[3:] # Check for the characters '''' - if RE_XML_DECLARATION.search(data): - data = RE_XML_DECLARATION.sub(new_declaration, data) - else: - data = new_declaration + '\n' + data - data = data.encode('utf-8') - break + continue + + known_encoding = True + if not json: + # Update the encoding in the opening XML processing instruction. + new_declaration = """""" + if RE_XML_DECLARATION.search(text): + text = RE_XML_DECLARATION.sub(new_declaration, text) + else: + text = new_declaration + "\n" + text + data = text.encode("utf-8") + break + # if still no luck, give up if not known_encoding: error = CharacterEncodingUnknown( - 'document encoding unknown, I tried ' + - '%s, %s, utf-8, windows-1252, and iso-8859-2 but nothing worked' % - (rfc3023_encoding, xml_encoding)) - rfc3023_encoding = '' + "document encoding unknown, I tried " + + "%s, %s, utf-8, windows-1252, and iso-8859-2 but nothing worked" + % (rfc3023_encoding, xml_encoding) + ) + rfc3023_encoding = "" elif proposed_encoding != rfc3023_encoding: error = CharacterEncodingOverride( - 'document declared as %s, but parsed as %s' % - (rfc3023_encoding, proposed_encoding)) + "document declared as %s, but parsed as %s" + % (rfc3023_encoding, proposed_encoding) + ) rfc3023_encoding = proposed_encoding - result['content-type'] = http_content_type # for selecting the parser - result['encoding'] = rfc3023_encoding + result["content-type"] = http_content_type # for selecting the parser + result["encoding"] = rfc3023_encoding if error: - result['bozo'] = True - result['bozo_exception'] = error + result["bozo"] = True + result["bozo_exception"] = error return data + + +# How much to read from a binary file in order to detect encoding. +# In inital tests, 4k was enough for ~160 mostly-English feeds; +# 64k seems like a safe margin. +CONVERT_FILE_PREFIX_LEN = 2**16 + +# How much to read from a text file, and use as an utf-8 bytes prefix. +# Note that no encoding detection is needed in this case. +CONVERT_FILE_STR_PREFIX_LEN = 2**13 + +CONVERT_FILE_TEST_CHUNK_LEN = 2**16 + + +def convert_file_to_utf8( + http_headers, file, result, optimistic_encoding_detection=True +): + """Like convert_to_utf8(), but for a stream. + + Unlike convert_to_utf8(), do not read the entire file in memory; + instead, return a text stream that decodes it on the fly. + This should consume significantly less memory, + because it avoids (repeatedly) converting the entire file contents + from bytes to str and back. + + To detect the encoding, only a prefix of the file contents is used. + In rare cases, the wrong encoding may be detected for this prefix; + use optimistic_encoding_detection=False to use the entire file contents + (equivalent to a plain convert_to_utf8() call). + + Args: + http_headers (dict): The response headers. + file (IO[bytes] or IO[str]): A read()-able (binary) stream. + result (dict): The result dictionary. + optimistic_encoding_detection (bool): + If true, use only a prefix of the file content to detect encoding. + + Returns: + StreamFactory: a stream factory, with the detected encoding set, if any + + """ + # Currently, this wraps convert_to_utf8(), because the logic is simply + # too complicated to ensure it's re-implemented correctly for a stream. + # That said, it should be possible to change the implementation + # transparently (not sure it's worth it, though). + + # If file is a text stream, we don't need to detect encoding; + # we still need a bytes prefix to run functions on for side effects: + # convert_to_utf8() to sniff / set result['content-type'], and + # replace_doctype() to extract safe_entities. + + if isinstance(file.read(0), str): + prefix = file.read(CONVERT_FILE_STR_PREFIX_LEN).encode("utf-8") + prefix = convert_to_utf8(http_headers, prefix, result) + result["encoding"] = "utf-8" + return StreamFactory(prefix, file, "utf-8") + + if optimistic_encoding_detection: + prefix = convert_file_prefix_to_utf8(http_headers, file, result) + factory = StreamFactory(prefix, file, result.get("encoding")) + + # Before returning factory, ensure the entire file can be decoded; + # if it cannot, fall back to convert_to_utf8(). + # + # Not doing this means feedparser.parse() may raise UnicodeDecodeError + # instead of setting bozo_exception to CharacterEncodingOverride, + # breaking the 6.x API. + + try: + text_file = factory.get_text_file() + except MissingEncoding: + return factory + try: + # read in chunks to limit memory usage + while text_file.read(CONVERT_FILE_TEST_CHUNK_LEN): + pass + except UnicodeDecodeError: + # fall back to convert_to_utf8() + file = factory.get_binary_file() + else: + return factory + + # this shouldn't increase memory usage if file is BytesIO, + # since BytesIO does copy-on-write; https://bugs.python.org/issue22003 + data = convert_to_utf8(http_headers, file.read(), result) + + # note that data *is* the prefix + return StreamFactory(data, io.BytesIO(b""), result.get("encoding")) + + +def convert_file_prefix_to_utf8( + http_headers, + file: typing.IO[bytes], + result, + *, + prefix_len: int = CONVERT_FILE_PREFIX_LEN, + read_to_ascii_len: int = 2**8, +) -> bytes: + """Like convert_to_utf8(), but only use the prefix of a binary file. + + Set result like convert_to_utf8() would. + + Return the updated prefix, as bytes. + + """ + # This is complicated by convert_to_utf8() detecting the wrong encoding + # if we have only part of the bytes that make a code-point: + # + # '😀'.encode('utf-8') -> utf-8 + # '😀'.encode('utf-8')[:-1] -> windows-1252 + bozo + + prefix = file.read(prefix_len - 1) + + # reading up to after an ASCII byte increases + # the likelihood of being on a code point boundary + prefix += read_to_after_ascii_byte(file, read_to_ascii_len) + + # call convert_to_utf8() up to 4 times, + # to make sure we eventually land on a code point boundary + candidates = [] + for attempt in range(4): + byte = file.read(1) + + # we're at the end of the file, and the loop already ran once + if not byte and attempt != 0: + break + + prefix += byte + + fake_result: typing.Any = {} + converted_prefix = convert_to_utf8(http_headers, prefix, fake_result) + + # an encoding was detected successfully, keep it + if not fake_result.get("bozo"): + break + + candidates.append((file.tell(), converted_prefix, fake_result)) + + # no encoding was detected successfully, pick the "best" one + else: + + def key(candidate): + *_, result = candidate + + exc = result.get("bozo_exception") + exc_score = 0 + if isinstance(exc, NonXMLContentType): + exc_score = 20 + elif isinstance(exc, CharacterEncodingOverride): + exc_score = 10 + + return ( + exc_score, + # prefer utf- encodings to anything else + result.get("encoding").startswith("utf-"), + ) + + candidates.sort(key=key) + offset, converted_prefix, fake_result = candidates[-1] + + file.seek(offset) + + result.update(fake_result) + return converted_prefix + + +def read_to_after_ascii_byte(file: typing.IO[bytes], max_len: int) -> bytes: + offset = file.tell() + buffer = b"" + + for _ in range(max_len): + byte = file.read(1) + + # end of file, nothing to do + if not byte: + break + + buffer += byte + + # we stop after a ASCII character + if byte < b"\x80": + break + + # couldn't find an ASCII character, reset the file to the original offset + else: + file.seek(offset) + return b"" + + return buffer + + +class MissingEncoding(io.UnsupportedOperation): + pass + + +class StreamFactory: + + """Decode on the fly a binary stream that *may* have a known encoding. + + If the underlying stream is seekable, it is possible to call + the get_{text,binary}_file() methods more than once. + + """ + + def __init__(self, prefix: bytes, file, encoding=None): + self.prefix = prefix + self.file = ResetFileWrapper(file) + self.encoding = encoding + self.should_reset = False + + def get_text_file(self, fallback_encoding=None, errors="strict"): + encoding = self.encoding or fallback_encoding + if encoding is None: + raise MissingEncoding("cannot create text stream without encoding") + + if isinstance(self.file.read(0), str): + file = PrefixFileWrapper(self.prefix.decode(encoding), self.file) + else: + file = PrefixFileWrapper( + self.prefix.decode("utf-8", errors), + codecs.getreader(encoding)(self.file, errors), + ) + + self.reset() + return file + + def get_binary_file(self): + if isinstance(self.file.read(0), str): + raise io.UnsupportedOperation( + "underlying stream is text, not binary" + ) from None + + file = PrefixFileWrapper(self.prefix, self.file) + + self.reset() + return file + + def get_file(self): + try: + return self.get_text_file() + except MissingEncoding: + return self.get_binary_file() + + def reset(self): + if self.should_reset: + self.file.reset() + self.should_reset = True + + +class ResetFileWrapper: + """Given a seekable file, allow reading its content again + (from the current position) by calling reset(). + + """ + + def __init__(self, file): + self.file = file + try: + self.file_initial_offset = file.tell() + except OSError: + self.file_initial_offset = None + + def read(self, size=-1): + return self.file.read(size) + + def reset(self): + # raises io.UnsupportedOperation if the underlying stream is not seekable + self.file.seek(self.file_initial_offset) + + +class PrefixFileWrapper: + """Stitch a (possibly modified) prefix and a file into a new file object. + + >>> file = io.StringIO('abcdef') + >>> file.read(2) + 'ab' + >>> wrapped = PrefixFileWrapper(file.read(2).upper(), file) + >>> wrapped.read() + 'CDef' + + """ + + def __init__(self, prefix, file): + self.prefix = prefix + self.file = file + self.offset = 0 + + def read(self, size=-1): + buffer = self.file.read(0) + + if self.offset < len(self.prefix): + if size < 0: + chunk = self.prefix + else: + chunk = self.prefix[self.offset : self.offset + size] + size -= len(chunk) + buffer += chunk + self.offset += len(chunk) + + while True: + chunk = self.file.read(size) + if not chunk: + break + buffer += chunk + self.offset += len(chunk) + + if size <= 0: + break + + size -= len(chunk) + + return buffer + + def close(self): + # do not touch the underlying stream + pass diff --git a/lib/feedparser/exceptions.py b/lib/feedparser/exceptions.py index 0ddb0024..49ca2858 100644 --- a/lib/feedparser/exceptions.py +++ b/lib/feedparser/exceptions.py @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ # Exceptions used throughout feedparser -# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee +# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim # All rights reserved. # @@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ # POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. __all__ = [ - 'FeedparserError', - 'CharacterEncodingOverride', - 'CharacterEncodingUnknown', - 'NonXMLContentType', - 'UndeclaredNamespace', + "FeedparserError", + "CharacterEncodingOverride", + "CharacterEncodingUnknown", + "NonXMLContentType", + "UndeclaredNamespace", ] diff --git a/lib/feedparser/html.py b/lib/feedparser/html.py index 48ddb924..bbb90389 100644 --- a/lib/feedparser/html.py +++ b/lib/feedparser/html.py @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee +# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim # All rights reserved. # @@ -28,36 +28,49 @@ import html.entities import re -import sgmllib3k as sgmllib +# These items must all be imported into this module due to .__code__ replacements. +from .sgml import ( # noqa: F401 + attrfind, + charref, + endbracket, + entityref, + incomplete, + interesting, + sgmllib, + shorttag, + shorttagopen, + starttagopen, + tagfind, +) _cp1252 = { - 128: '\u20ac', # euro sign - 130: '\u201a', # single low-9 quotation mark - 131: '\u0192', # latin small letter f with hook - 132: '\u201e', # double low-9 quotation mark - 133: '\u2026', # horizontal ellipsis - 134: '\u2020', # dagger - 135: '\u2021', # double dagger - 136: '\u02c6', # modifier letter circumflex accent - 137: '\u2030', # per mille sign - 138: '\u0160', # latin capital letter s with caron - 139: '\u2039', # single left-pointing angle quotation mark - 140: '\u0152', # latin capital ligature oe - 142: '\u017d', # latin capital letter z with caron - 145: '\u2018', # left single quotation mark - 146: '\u2019', # right single quotation mark - 147: '\u201c', # left double quotation mark - 148: '\u201d', # right double quotation mark - 149: '\u2022', # bullet - 150: '\u2013', # en dash - 151: '\u2014', # em dash - 152: '\u02dc', # small tilde - 153: '\u2122', # trade mark sign - 154: '\u0161', # latin small letter s with caron - 155: '\u203a', # single right-pointing angle quotation mark - 156: '\u0153', # latin small ligature oe - 158: '\u017e', # latin small letter z with caron - 159: '\u0178', # latin capital letter y with diaeresis + 128: "\u20ac", # euro sign + 130: "\u201a", # single low-9 quotation mark + 131: "\u0192", # latin small letter f with hook + 132: "\u201e", # double low-9 quotation mark + 133: "\u2026", # horizontal ellipsis + 134: "\u2020", # dagger + 135: "\u2021", # double dagger + 136: "\u02c6", # modifier letter circumflex accent + 137: "\u2030", # per mille sign + 138: "\u0160", # latin capital letter s with caron + 139: "\u2039", # single left-pointing angle quotation mark + 140: "\u0152", # latin capital ligature oe + 142: "\u017d", # latin capital letter z with caron + 145: "\u2018", # left single quotation mark + 146: "\u2019", # right single quotation mark + 147: "\u201c", # left double quotation mark + 148: "\u201d", # right double quotation mark + 149: "\u2022", # bullet + 150: "\u2013", # en dash + 151: "\u2014", # em dash + 152: "\u02dc", # small tilde + 153: "\u2122", # trade mark sign + 154: "\u0161", # latin small letter s with caron + 155: "\u203a", # single right-pointing angle quotation mark + 156: "\u0153", # latin small ligature oe + 158: "\u017e", # latin small letter z with caron + 159: "\u0178", # latin capital letter y with diaeresis } @@ -65,28 +78,28 @@ class BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser): special = re.compile("""[<>'"]""") bare_ampersand = re.compile(r"&(?!#\d+;|#x[0-9a-fA-F]+;|\w+;)") elements_no_end_tag = { - 'area', - 'base', - 'basefont', - 'br', - 'col', - 'command', - 'embed', - 'frame', - 'hr', - 'img', - 'input', - 'isindex', - 'keygen', - 'link', - 'meta', - 'param', - 'source', - 'track', - 'wbr', + "area", + "base", + "basefont", + "br", + "col", + "command", + "embed", + "frame", + "hr", + "img", + "input", + "isindex", + "keygen", + "link", + "meta", + "param", + "source", + "track", + "wbr", } - def __init__(self, encoding=None, _type='application/xhtml+xml'): + def __init__(self, encoding=None, _type="application/xhtml+xml"): if encoding: self.encoding = encoding self._type = _type @@ -105,9 +118,9 @@ class BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser): tag = match.group(1) if tag in self.elements_no_end_tag: - return '<' + tag + ' />' + return "<" + tag + " />" else: - return '<' + tag + '>' + return "<" + tag + ">" # By declaring these methods and overriding their compiled code # with the code from sgmllib, the original code will execute in @@ -128,8 +141,8 @@ class BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser): def parse_starttag(self, i): j = self.__parse_starttag(i) - if self._type == 'application/xhtml+xml': - if j > 2 and self.rawdata[j-2:j] == '/>': + if self._type == "application/xhtml+xml": + if j > 2 and self.rawdata[j - 2 : j] == "/>": self.unknown_endtag(self.lasttag) return j @@ -139,10 +152,10 @@ class BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser): :rtype: None """ - data = re.sub(r'\s]+?)\s*/>', self._shorttag_replace, data) - data = data.replace(''', "'") - data = data.replace('"', '"') + data = re.sub(r"\s]+?)\s*/>", self._shorttag_replace, data) + data = data.replace("'", "'") + data = data.replace(""", '"') super().feed(data) super().close() @@ -160,8 +173,7 @@ class BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser): # *attrs* into a dictionary, then convert it back to a list. attrs_d = {k.lower(): v for k, v in attrs} attrs = [ - (k, k in ('rel', 'type') and v.lower() or v) - for k, v in attrs_d.items() + (k, k in ("rel", "type") and v.lower() or v) for k, v in attrs_d.items() ] attrs.sort() return attrs @@ -177,22 +189,19 @@ class BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser): # attrs is a list of (attr, value) tuples # e.g. for 
, tag='pre', attrs=[('class', 'screen')]
         uattrs = []
-        strattrs = ''
+        strattrs = ""
         if attrs:
             for key, value in attrs:
-                value = value.replace('>', '>')
-                value = value.replace('<', '<')
-                value = value.replace('"', '"')
+                value = value.replace(">", ">")
+                value = value.replace("<", "<")
+                value = value.replace('"', """)
                 value = self.bare_ampersand.sub("&", value)
                 uattrs.append((key, value))
-            strattrs = ''.join(
-                ' %s="%s"' % (key, value)
-                for key, value in uattrs
-            )
+            strattrs = "".join(f' {key}="{value}"' for key, value in uattrs)
         if tag in self.elements_no_end_tag:
-            self.pieces.append('<%s%s />' % (tag, strattrs))
+            self.pieces.append(f"<{tag}{strattrs} />")
         else:
-            self.pieces.append('<%s%s>' % (tag, strattrs))
+            self.pieces.append(f"<{tag}{strattrs}>")
 
     def unknown_endtag(self, tag):
         """
@@ -214,15 +223,15 @@ class BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser):
         # Called for each character reference, e.g. ' ' will extract '160'
         # Reconstruct the original character reference.
         ref = ref.lower()
-        if ref.startswith('x'):
+        if ref.startswith("x"):
             value = int(ref[1:], 16)
         else:
             value = int(ref)
 
         if value in _cp1252:
-            self.pieces.append('&#%s;' % hex(ord(_cp1252[value]))[1:])
+            self.pieces.append("&#%s;" % hex(ord(_cp1252[value]))[1:])
         else:
-            self.pieces.append('&#%s;' % ref)
+            self.pieces.append("&#%s;" % ref)
 
     def handle_entityref(self, ref):
         """
@@ -232,10 +241,10 @@ class BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser):
 
         # Called for each entity reference, e.g. '©' will extract 'copy'
         # Reconstruct the original entity reference.
-        if ref in html.entities.name2codepoint or ref == 'apos':
-            self.pieces.append('&%s;' % ref)
+        if ref in html.entities.name2codepoint or ref == "apos":
+            self.pieces.append("&%s;" % ref)
         else:
-            self.pieces.append('&%s' % ref)
+            self.pieces.append("&%s" % ref)
 
     def handle_data(self, text):
         """
@@ -256,7 +265,7 @@ class BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser):
 
         # Called for HTML comments, e.g. 
         # Reconstruct the original comment.
-        self.pieces.append('' % text)
+        self.pieces.append("" % text)
 
     def handle_pi(self, text):
         """
@@ -266,7 +275,7 @@ class BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser):
 
         # Called for each processing instruction, e.g. 
         # Reconstruct original processing instruction.
-        self.pieces.append('' % text)
+        self.pieces.append("" % text)
 
     def handle_decl(self, text):
         """
@@ -278,9 +287,9 @@ class BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser):
         # 
         # Reconstruct original DOCTYPE
-        self.pieces.append('' % text)
+        self.pieces.append("" % text)
 
-    _new_declname_match = re.compile(r'[a-zA-Z][-_.a-zA-Z0-9:]*\s*').match
+    _new_declname_match = re.compile(r"[a-zA-Z][-_.a-zA-Z0-9:]*\s*").match
 
     def _scan_name(self, i, declstartpos):
         """
@@ -311,7 +320,7 @@ class BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser):
         :rtype: str
         """
 
-        return '&#%s;' % name
+        return "&#%s;" % name
 
     def convert_entityref(self, name):
         """
@@ -319,7 +328,7 @@ class BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser):
         :rtype: str
         """
 
-        return '&%s;' % name
+        return "&%s;" % name
 
     def output(self):
         """Return processed HTML as a single string.
@@ -327,7 +336,7 @@ class BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser):
         :rtype: str
         """
 
-        return ''.join(self.pieces)
+        return "".join(self.pieces)
 
     def parse_declaration(self, i):
         """
@@ -339,5 +348,5 @@ class BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser):
             return sgmllib.SGMLParser.parse_declaration(self, i)
         except (AssertionError, sgmllib.SGMLParseError):
             # Escape the doctype declaration and continue parsing.
-            self.handle_data('<')
-            return i+1
+            self.handle_data("<")
+            return i + 1
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/http.py b/lib/feedparser/http.py
index a7fee361..d94ade2e 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/http.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/http.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -25,203 +25,54 @@
 # ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 # POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-import base64
-import datetime
-import gzip
-import io
-import re
-import struct
-import urllib.parse
-import urllib.request
-import zlib
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import typing
+
+import requests
 
 from .datetimes import _parse_date
-from .urls import convert_to_idn
+
+# HTTP "Accept" header to send to servers when downloading feeds.
+ACCEPT_HEADER: str = (
+    "application/atom+xml"
+    ",application/rdf+xml"
+    ",application/rss+xml"
+    ",application/x-netcdf"
+    ",application/xml"
+    ";q=0.9,text/xml"
+    ";q=0.2,*/*"
+    ";q=0.1"
+)
 
 
-# HTTP "Accept" header to send to servers when downloading feeds.  If you don't
-# want to send an Accept header, set this to None.
-ACCEPT_HEADER = "application/atom+xml,application/rdf+xml,application/rss+xml,application/x-netcdf,application/xml;q=0.9,text/xml;q=0.2,*/*;q=0.1"
+def get(url: str, result: dict[str, typing.Any]) -> bytes:
+    from . import USER_AGENT
 
+    agent = USER_AGENT
 
-class URLHandler(urllib.request.HTTPDigestAuthHandler, urllib.request.HTTPRedirectHandler, urllib.request.HTTPDefaultErrorHandler):
-    def http_error_default(self, req, fp, code, msg, headers):
-        # The default implementation just raises HTTPError.
-        # Forget that.
-        fp.status = code
-        return fp
+    try:
+        response = requests.get(
+            url,
+            headers={"User-Agent": agent, "Accept": ACCEPT_HEADER},
+            timeout=10,
+        )
+    except requests.RequestException as exception:
+        result["bozo"] = True
+        result["bozo_exception"] = exception
+        return b""
 
-    def http_error_301(self, req, fp, code, msg, hdrs):
-        result = urllib.request.HTTPRedirectHandler.http_error_301(self, req, fp, code, msg, hdrs)
-        if not result:
-            return fp
-        result.status = code
-        result.newurl = result.geturl()
-        return result
-
-    # The default implementations in urllib.request.HTTPRedirectHandler
-    # are identical, so hardcoding a http_error_301 call above
-    # won't affect anything
-    http_error_300 = http_error_301
-    http_error_302 = http_error_301
-    http_error_303 = http_error_301
-    http_error_307 = http_error_301
-
-    def http_error_401(self, req, fp, code, msg, headers):
-        # Check if
-        # - server requires digest auth, AND
-        # - we tried (unsuccessfully) with basic auth, AND
-        # If all conditions hold, parse authentication information
-        # out of the Authorization header we sent the first time
-        # (for the username and password) and the WWW-Authenticate
-        # header the server sent back (for the realm) and retry
-        # the request with the appropriate digest auth headers instead.
-        # This evil genius hack has been brought to you by Aaron Swartz.
-        host = urllib.parse.urlparse(req.get_full_url())[1]
-        if 'Authorization' not in req.headers or 'WWW-Authenticate' not in headers:
-            return self.http_error_default(req, fp, code, msg, headers)
-        auth = base64.decodebytes(req.headers['Authorization'].split(' ')[1].encode()).decode()
-        user, passw = auth.split(':')
-        realm = re.findall('realm="([^"]*)"', headers['WWW-Authenticate'])[0]
-        self.add_password(realm, host, user, passw)
-        retry = self.http_error_auth_reqed('www-authenticate', host, req, headers)
-        self.reset_retry_count()
-        return retry
-
-
-def _build_urllib2_request(url, agent, accept_header, etag, modified, referrer, auth, request_headers):
-    request = urllib.request.Request(url)
-    request.add_header('User-Agent', agent)
-    if etag:
-        request.add_header('If-None-Match', etag)
-    if isinstance(modified, str):
-        modified = _parse_date(modified)
-    elif isinstance(modified, datetime.datetime):
-        modified = modified.utctimetuple()
-    if modified:
-        # format into an RFC 1123-compliant timestamp. We can't use
-        # time.strftime() since the %a and %b directives can be affected
-        # by the current locale, but RFC 2616 states that dates must be
-        # in English.
-        short_weekdays = ['Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat', 'Sun']
-        months = ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec']
-        request.add_header('If-Modified-Since', '%s, %02d %s %04d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT' % (short_weekdays[modified[6]], modified[2], months[modified[1] - 1], modified[0], modified[3], modified[4], modified[5]))
-    if referrer:
-        request.add_header('Referer', referrer)
-    request.add_header('Accept-encoding', 'gzip, deflate')
-    if auth:
-        request.add_header('Authorization', 'Basic %s' % auth)
-    if accept_header:
-        request.add_header('Accept', accept_header)
-    # use this for whatever -- cookies, special headers, etc
-    # [('Cookie','Something'),('x-special-header','Another Value')]
-    for header_name, header_value in request_headers.items():
-        request.add_header(header_name, header_value)
-    request.add_header('A-IM', 'feed')  # RFC 3229 support
-    return request
-
-
-def get(url, etag=None, modified=None, agent=None, referrer=None, handlers=None, request_headers=None, result=None):
-    if handlers is None:
-        handlers = []
-    elif not isinstance(handlers, list):
-        handlers = [handlers]
-    if request_headers is None:
-        request_headers = {}
-
-    # Deal with the feed URI scheme
-    if url.startswith('feed:http'):
-        url = url[5:]
-    elif url.startswith('feed:'):
-        url = 'http:' + url[5:]
-    if not agent:
-        from . import USER_AGENT
-        agent = USER_AGENT
-    # Test for inline user:password credentials for HTTP basic auth
-    auth = None
-    if not url.startswith('ftp:'):
-        url_pieces = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
-        if url_pieces.username:
-            new_pieces = list(url_pieces)
-            new_pieces[1] = url_pieces.hostname
-            if url_pieces.port:
-                new_pieces[1] = f'{url_pieces.hostname}:{url_pieces.port}'
-            url = urllib.parse.urlunparse(new_pieces)
-            auth = base64.standard_b64encode(f'{url_pieces.username}:{url_pieces.password}'.encode()).decode()
-
-    # iri support
-    if not isinstance(url, bytes):
-        url = convert_to_idn(url)
-
-    # Prevent UnicodeEncodeErrors caused by Unicode characters in the path.
-    bits = []
-    for c in url:
-        try:
-            c.encode('ascii')
-        except UnicodeEncodeError:
-            bits.append(urllib.parse.quote(c))
-        else:
-            bits.append(c)
-    url = ''.join(bits)
-
-    # try to open with urllib2 (to use optional headers)
-    request = _build_urllib2_request(url, agent, ACCEPT_HEADER, etag, modified, referrer, auth, request_headers)
-    opener = urllib.request.build_opener(*tuple(handlers + [URLHandler()]))
-    opener.addheaders = []  # RMK - must clear so we only send our custom User-Agent
-    f = opener.open(request)
-    data = f.read()
-    f.close()
-
-    # lowercase all of the HTTP headers for comparisons per RFC 2616
-    result['headers'] = {k.lower(): v for k, v in f.headers.items()}
-
-    # if feed is gzip-compressed, decompress it
-    if data and 'gzip' in result['headers'].get('content-encoding', ''):
-        try:
-            data = gzip.GzipFile(fileobj=io.BytesIO(data)).read()
-        except (EOFError, IOError, struct.error) as e:
-            # IOError can occur if the gzip header is bad.
-            # struct.error can occur if the data is damaged.
-            result['bozo'] = True
-            result['bozo_exception'] = e
-            if isinstance(e, struct.error):
-                # A gzip header was found but the data is corrupt.
-                # Ideally, we should re-request the feed without the
-                # 'Accept-encoding: gzip' header, but we don't.
-                data = None
-    elif data and 'deflate' in result['headers'].get('content-encoding', ''):
-        try:
-            data = zlib.decompress(data)
-        except zlib.error:
-            try:
-                # The data may have no headers and no checksum.
-                data = zlib.decompress(data, -15)
-            except zlib.error as e:
-                result['bozo'] = True
-                result['bozo_exception'] = e
+    # Lowercase the HTTP header keys for comparisons per RFC 2616.
+    result["headers"] = {k.lower(): v for k, v in response.headers.items()}
 
     # save HTTP headers
-    if 'etag' in result['headers']:
-        etag = result['headers'].get('etag', '')
-        if isinstance(etag, bytes):
-            etag = etag.decode('utf-8', 'ignore')
-        if etag:
-            result['etag'] = etag
-    if 'last-modified' in result['headers']:
-        modified = result['headers'].get('last-modified', '')
+    if "etag" in result["headers"]:
+        result["etag"] = result["headers"]["etag"]
+    if "last-modified" in result["headers"]:
+        modified = result["headers"]["last-modified"]
         if modified:
-            result['modified'] = modified
-            result['modified_parsed'] = _parse_date(modified)
-    if isinstance(f.url, bytes):
-        result['href'] = f.url.decode('utf-8', 'ignore')
-    else:
-        result['href'] = f.url
-    result['status'] = getattr(f, 'status', None) or 200
-
-    # Stop processing if the server sent HTTP 304 Not Modified.
-    if getattr(f, 'code', 0) == 304:
-        result['version'] = ''
-        result['debug_message'] = 'The feed has not changed since you last checked, ' + \
-            'so the server sent no data.  This is a feature, not a bug!'
-
-    return data
+            result["modified"] = modified
+            result["modified_parsed"] = _parse_date(modified)
+    result["href"] = response.url
+    result["status"] = response.status_code
+    return response.content
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/mixin.py b/lib/feedparser/mixin.py
index 8309e723..4c6d4e9a 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/mixin.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/mixin.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -30,137 +30,144 @@ import binascii
 import copy
 import html.entities
 import re
-from typing import Dict
 import xml.sax.saxutils
+from typing import Dict
 
 from .html import _cp1252
 from .namespaces import _base, cc, dc, georss, itunes, mediarss, psc
-from .sanitizer import sanitize_html, HTMLSanitizer
-from .util import FeedParserDict
+from .sanitizer import HTMLSanitizer, sanitize_html
 from .urls import _urljoin, make_safe_absolute_uri, resolve_relative_uris
+from .util import FeedParserDict
+
+email_pattern = re.compile(
+    r"(([a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+)@((\[[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.)"
+    r"|(([a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.)+))([a-zA-Z]{2,4}|[0-9]{1,3})(]?))"
+    r"(\?subject=\S+)?"
+)
 
 
 class XMLParserMixin(
-        _base.Namespace,
-        cc.Namespace,
-        dc.Namespace,
-        georss.Namespace,
-        itunes.Namespace,
-        mediarss.Namespace,
-        psc.Namespace,
+    _base.Namespace,
+    cc.Namespace,
+    dc.Namespace,
+    georss.Namespace,
+    itunes.Namespace,
+    mediarss.Namespace,
+    psc.Namespace,
 ):
     namespaces = {
-        '': '',
-        'http://backend.userland.com/rss': '',
-        'http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss': '',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/': '',
-        'http://my.netscape.com/rdf/simple/0.9/': '',
-        'http://example.com/newformat#': '',
-        'http://example.com/necho': '',
-        'http://purl.org/echo/': '',
-        'uri/of/echo/namespace#': '',
-        'http://purl.org/pie/': '',
-        'http://purl.org/atom/ns#': '',
-        'http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom': '',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/rss091#': '',
-
-        'http://webns.net/mvcb/':                                'admin',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/aggregation/':          'ag',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/annotate/':             'annotate',
-        'http://media.tangent.org/rss/1.0/':                     'audio',
-        'http://backend.userland.com/blogChannelModule':         'blogChannel',
-        'http://creativecommons.org/ns#license':                 'cc',
-        'http://web.resource.org/cc/':                           'cc',
-        'http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/rss/creativeCommonsRssModule.html': 'creativeCommons',
-        'http://backend.userland.com/creativeCommonsRssModule':  'creativeCommons',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/company':               'co',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/':              'content',
-        'http://my.theinfo.org/changed/1.0/rss/':                'cp',
-        'http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/':                      'dc',
-        'http://purl.org/dc/terms/':                             'dcterms',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/email/':                'email',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/event/':                'ev',
-        'http://rssnamespace.org/feedburner/ext/1.0':            'feedburner',
-        'http://freshmeat.net/rss/fm/':                          'fm',
-        'http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/':                            'foaf',
-        'http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#':              'geo',
-        'http://www.georss.org/georss':                          'georss',
-        'http://www.opengis.net/gml':                            'gml',
-        'http://postneo.com/icbm/':                              'icbm',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/image/':                'image',
-        'http://www.itunes.com/DTDs/PodCast-1.0.dtd':            'itunes',
-        'http://example.com/DTDs/PodCast-1.0.dtd':               'itunes',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/link/':                 'l',
-        'http://search.yahoo.com/mrss':                          'media',
+        "": "",
+        "http://backend.userland.com/rss": "",
+        "http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss": "",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/": "",
+        "http://my.netscape.com/rdf/simple/0.9/": "",
+        "http://example.com/newformat#": "",
+        "http://example.com/necho": "",
+        "http://purl.org/echo/": "",
+        "uri/of/echo/namespace#": "",
+        "http://purl.org/pie/": "",
+        "http://purl.org/atom/ns#": "",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom": "",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/rss091#": "",
+        "http://webns.net/mvcb/": "admin",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/aggregation/": "ag",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/annotate/": "annotate",
+        "http://media.tangent.org/rss/1.0/": "audio",
+        "http://backend.userland.com/blogChannelModule": "blogChannel",
+        "http://creativecommons.org/ns#license": "cc",
+        "http://web.resource.org/cc/": "cc",
+        "http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/rss/creativeCommonsRssModule.html": (
+            "creativeCommons"
+        ),
+        "http://backend.userland.com/creativeCommonsRssModule": "creativeCommons",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/company": "co",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/": "content",
+        "http://my.theinfo.org/changed/1.0/rss/": "cp",
+        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/": "dc",
+        "http://purl.org/dc/terms/": "dcterms",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/email/": "email",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/event/": "ev",
+        "http://rssnamespace.org/feedburner/ext/1.0": "feedburner",
+        "http://freshmeat.net/rss/fm/": "fm",
+        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/": "foaf",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#": "geo",
+        "http://www.georss.org/georss": "georss",
+        "http://www.opengis.net/gml": "gml",
+        "http://postneo.com/icbm/": "icbm",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/image/": "image",
+        "http://www.itunes.com/DTDs/PodCast-1.0.dtd": "itunes",
+        "http://example.com/DTDs/PodCast-1.0.dtd": "itunes",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/link/": "l",
+        "http://search.yahoo.com/mrss": "media",
         # Version 1.1.2 of the Media RSS spec added the trailing slash on the namespace
-        'http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/':                         'media',
-        'http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/pingback/':  'pingback',
-        'http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/':        'prism',
-        'http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#':           'rdf',
-        'http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#':                 'rdfs',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/reference/':            'ref',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/richequiv/':            'reqv',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/search/':               'search',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/':                'slash',
-        'http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/':             'soap',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/servicestatus/':        'ss',
-        'http://hacks.benhammersley.com/rss/streaming/':         'str',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/subscription/':         'sub',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/':          'sy',
-        'http://schemas.pocketsoap.com/rss/myDescModule/':       'szf',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/taxonomy/':             'taxo',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/threading/':            'thr',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/textinput/':            'ti',
-        'http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/trackback/': 'trackback',
-        'http://wellformedweb.org/commentAPI/':                  'wfw',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/wiki/':                 'wiki',
-        'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml':                          'xhtml',
-        'http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink':                          'xlink',
-        'http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace':                  'xml',
-        'http://podlove.org/simple-chapters':                    'psc',
+        "http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/": "media",
+        "http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/pingback/": "pingback",
+        "http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/": "prism",
+        "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#": "rdf",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#": "rdfs",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/reference/": "ref",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/richequiv/": "reqv",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/search/": "search",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/": "slash",
+        "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/": "soap",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/servicestatus/": "ss",
+        "http://hacks.benhammersley.com/rss/streaming/": "str",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/subscription/": "sub",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/": "sy",
+        "http://schemas.pocketsoap.com/rss/myDescModule/": "szf",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/taxonomy/": "taxo",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/threading/": "thr",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/textinput/": "ti",
+        "http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/trackback/": "trackback",
+        "http://wellformedweb.org/commentAPI/": "wfw",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/wiki/": "wiki",
+        "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml": "xhtml",
+        "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink": "xlink",
+        "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace": "xml",
+        "http://podlove.org/simple-chapters": "psc",
     }
     _matchnamespaces: Dict[str, str] = {}
 
     can_be_relative_uri = {
-        'comments',
-        'docs',
-        'href',
-        'icon',
-        'id',
-        'link',
-        'logo',
-        'url',
-        'wfw_comment',
-        'wfw_commentrss',
+        "comments",
+        "docs",
+        "href",
+        "icon",
+        "id",
+        "link",
+        "logo",
+        "url",
+        "wfw_comment",
+        "wfw_commentrss",
     }
 
     can_contain_relative_uris = {
-        'content',
-        'copyright',
-        'description',
-        'info',
-        'rights',
-        'subtitle',
-        'summary',
-        'tagline',
-        'title',
+        "content",
+        "copyright",
+        "description",
+        "info",
+        "rights",
+        "subtitle",
+        "summary",
+        "tagline",
+        "title",
     }
 
     can_contain_dangerous_markup = {
-        'content',
-        'copyright',
-        'description',
-        'info',
-        'rights',
-        'subtitle',
-        'summary',
-        'tagline',
-        'title',
+        "content",
+        "copyright",
+        "description",
+        "info",
+        "rights",
+        "subtitle",
+        "summary",
+        "tagline",
+        "title",
     }
 
     html_types = {
-        'application/xhtml+xml',
-        'text/html',
+        "application/xhtml+xml",
+        "text/html",
     }
 
     def __init__(self):
@@ -169,7 +176,7 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
                 self._matchnamespaces[k.lower()] = v
         self.feeddata = FeedParserDict()  # feed-level data
         self.entries = []  # list of entry-level data
-        self.version = ''  # feed type/version, see SUPPORTED_VERSIONS
+        self.version = ""  # feed type/version, see SUPPORTED_VERSIONS
         self.namespaces_in_use = {}  # dictionary of namespaces defined by the feed
         self.resolve_relative_uris = False
         self.sanitize_html = False
@@ -198,7 +205,7 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
         self.depth = 0
         self.hasContent = 0
         if self.lang:
-            self.feeddata['language'] = self.lang.replace('_', '-')
+            self.feeddata["language"] = self.lang.replace("_", "-")
 
         # A map of the following form:
         #     {
@@ -208,7 +215,7 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
         #         },
         #     }
         self.property_depth_map = {}
-        super(XMLParserMixin, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
 
     def _normalize_attributes(self, kv):
         raise NotImplementedError
@@ -222,72 +229,80 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
 
         # track xml:base and xml:lang
         attrs_d = dict(attrs)
-        baseuri = attrs_d.get('xml:base', attrs_d.get('base')) or self.baseuri
+        baseuri = attrs_d.get("xml:base", attrs_d.get("base")) or self.baseuri
         if isinstance(baseuri, bytes):
-            baseuri = baseuri.decode(self.encoding, 'ignore')
+            baseuri = baseuri.decode(self.encoding, "ignore")
         # ensure that self.baseuri is always an absolute URI that
         # uses a whitelisted URI scheme (e.g. not `javscript:`)
         if self.baseuri:
             self.baseuri = make_safe_absolute_uri(self.baseuri, baseuri) or self.baseuri
         else:
             self.baseuri = _urljoin(self.baseuri, baseuri)
-        lang = attrs_d.get('xml:lang', attrs_d.get('lang'))
-        if lang == '':
+        lang = attrs_d.get("xml:lang", attrs_d.get("lang"))
+        if lang == "":
             # xml:lang could be explicitly set to '', we need to capture that
             lang = None
         elif lang is None:
             # if no xml:lang is specified, use parent lang
             lang = self.lang
         if lang:
-            if tag in ('feed', 'rss', 'rdf:RDF'):
-                self.feeddata['language'] = lang.replace('_', '-')
+            if tag in ("feed", "rss", "rdf:RDF"):
+                self.feeddata["language"] = lang.replace("_", "-")
         self.lang = lang
         self.basestack.append(self.baseuri)
         self.langstack.append(lang)
 
         # track namespaces
         for prefix, uri in attrs:
-            if prefix.startswith('xmlns:'):
+            if prefix.startswith("xmlns:"):
                 self.track_namespace(prefix[6:], uri)
-            elif prefix == 'xmlns':
+            elif prefix == "xmlns":
                 self.track_namespace(None, uri)
 
         # track inline content
-        if self.incontent and not self.contentparams.get('type', 'xml').endswith('xml'):
-            if tag in ('xhtml:div', 'div'):
+        if self.incontent and not self.contentparams.get("type", "xml").endswith("xml"):
+            if tag in ("xhtml:div", "div"):
                 return  # typepad does this 10/2007
             # element declared itself as escaped markup, but it isn't really
-            self.contentparams['type'] = 'application/xhtml+xml'
-        if self.incontent and self.contentparams.get('type') == 'application/xhtml+xml':
-            if tag.find(':') != -1:
-                prefix, tag = tag.split(':', 1)
-                namespace = self.namespaces_in_use.get(prefix, '')
-                if tag == 'math' and namespace == 'http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML':
-                    attrs.append(('xmlns', namespace))
-                if tag == 'svg' and namespace == 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg':
-                    attrs.append(('xmlns', namespace))
-            if tag == 'svg':
+            self.contentparams["type"] = "application/xhtml+xml"
+        if self.incontent and self.contentparams.get("type") == "application/xhtml+xml":
+            if tag.find(":") != -1:
+                prefix, tag = tag.split(":", 1)
+                namespace = self.namespaces_in_use.get(prefix, "")
+                if tag == "math" and namespace == "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML":
+                    attrs.append(("xmlns", namespace))
+                if tag == "svg" and namespace == "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg":
+                    attrs.append(("xmlns", namespace))
+            if tag == "svg":
                 self.svgOK += 1
-            return self.handle_data('<%s%s>' % (tag, self.strattrs(attrs)), escape=0)
+            return self.handle_data(f"<{tag}{self.strattrs(attrs)}>", escape=0)
 
         # match namespaces
-        if tag.find(':') != -1:
-            prefix, suffix = tag.split(':', 1)
+        if tag.find(":") != -1:
+            prefix, suffix = tag.split(":", 1)
         else:
-            prefix, suffix = '', tag
+            prefix, suffix = "", tag
         prefix = self.namespacemap.get(prefix, prefix)
         if prefix:
-            prefix = prefix + '_'
+            prefix = prefix + "_"
 
         # Special hack for better tracking of empty textinput/image elements in
         # illformed feeds.
-        if (not prefix) and tag not in ('title', 'link', 'description', 'name'):
+        if (not prefix) and tag not in ("title", "link", "description", "name"):
             self.intextinput = 0
-        if (not prefix) and tag not in ('title', 'link', 'description', 'url', 'href', 'width', 'height'):
+        if (not prefix) and tag not in (
+            "title",
+            "link",
+            "description",
+            "url",
+            "href",
+            "width",
+            "height",
+        ):
             self.inimage = 0
 
         # call special handler (if defined) or default handler
-        methodname = '_start_' + prefix + suffix
+        methodname = "_start_" + prefix + suffix
         try:
             method = getattr(self, methodname)
             return method(attrs_d)
@@ -305,18 +320,18 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
 
     def unknown_endtag(self, tag):
         # match namespaces
-        if tag.find(':') != -1:
-            prefix, suffix = tag.split(':', 1)
+        if tag.find(":") != -1:
+            prefix, suffix = tag.split(":", 1)
         else:
-            prefix, suffix = '', tag
+            prefix, suffix = "", tag
         prefix = self.namespacemap.get(prefix, prefix)
         if prefix:
-            prefix = prefix + '_'
-        if suffix == 'svg' and self.svgOK:
+            prefix = prefix + "_"
+        if suffix == "svg" and self.svgOK:
             self.svgOK -= 1
 
         # call special handler (if defined) or default handler
-        methodname = '_end_' + prefix + suffix
+        methodname = "_end_" + prefix + suffix
         try:
             if self.svgOK:
                 raise AttributeError()
@@ -326,14 +341,14 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
             self.pop(prefix + suffix)
 
         # track inline content
-        if self.incontent and not self.contentparams.get('type', 'xml').endswith('xml'):
+        if self.incontent and not self.contentparams.get("type", "xml").endswith("xml"):
             # element declared itself as escaped markup, but it isn't really
-            if tag in ('xhtml:div', 'div'):
+            if tag in ("xhtml:div", "div"):
                 return  # typepad does this 10/2007
-            self.contentparams['type'] = 'application/xhtml+xml'
-        if self.incontent and self.contentparams.get('type') == 'application/xhtml+xml':
-            tag = tag.split(':')[-1]
-            self.handle_data('' % tag, escape=0)
+            self.contentparams["type"] = "application/xhtml+xml"
+        if self.incontent and self.contentparams.get("type") == "application/xhtml+xml":
+            tag = tag.split(":")[-1]
+            self.handle_data("" % tag, escape=0)
 
         # track xml:base and xml:lang going out of scope
         if self.basestack:
@@ -352,33 +367,33 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
         if not self.elementstack:
             return
         ref = ref.lower()
-        if ref in ('34', '38', '39', '60', '62', 'x22', 'x26', 'x27', 'x3c', 'x3e'):
-            text = '&#%s;' % ref
+        if ref in ("34", "38", "39", "60", "62", "x22", "x26", "x27", "x3c", "x3e"):
+            text = "&#%s;" % ref
         else:
-            if ref[0] == 'x':
+            if ref[0] == "x":
                 c = int(ref[1:], 16)
             else:
                 c = int(ref)
-            text = chr(c).encode('utf-8')
+            text = chr(c).encode("utf-8")
         self.elementstack[-1][2].append(text)
 
     def handle_entityref(self, ref):
         # Called for each entity reference, e.g. for '©', ref is 'copy'
         if not self.elementstack:
             return
-        if ref in ('lt', 'gt', 'quot', 'amp', 'apos'):
-            text = '&%s;' % ref
+        if ref in ("lt", "gt", "quot", "amp", "apos"):
+            text = "&%s;" % ref
         elif ref in self.entities:
             text = self.entities[ref]
-            if text.startswith('&#') and text.endswith(';'):
+            if text.startswith("&#") and text.endswith(";"):
                 return self.handle_entityref(text)
         else:
             try:
                 html.entities.name2codepoint[ref]
             except KeyError:
-                text = '&%s;' % ref
+                text = "&%s;" % ref
             else:
-                text = chr(html.entities.name2codepoint[ref]).encode('utf-8')
+                text = chr(html.entities.name2codepoint[ref]).encode("utf-8")
         self.elementstack[-1][2].append(text)
 
     def handle_data(self, text, escape=1):
@@ -386,7 +401,7 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
         # not containing any character or entity references
         if not self.elementstack:
             return
-        if escape and self.contentparams.get('type') == 'application/xhtml+xml':
+        if escape and self.contentparams.get("type") == "application/xhtml+xml":
             text = xml.sax.saxutils.escape(text)
         self.elementstack[-1][2].append(text)
 
@@ -403,18 +418,18 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
 
     def parse_declaration(self, i):
         # Override internal declaration handler to handle CDATA blocks.
-        if self.rawdata[i:i+9] == '', i)
+        if self.rawdata[i : i + 9] == "", i)
             if k == -1:
                 # CDATA block began but didn't finish
                 k = len(self.rawdata)
                 return k
-            self.handle_data(xml.sax.saxutils.escape(self.rawdata[i+9:k]), 0)
-            return k+3
+            self.handle_data(xml.sax.saxutils.escape(self.rawdata[i + 9 : k]), 0)
+            return k + 3
         else:
-            k = self.rawdata.find('>', i)
+            k = self.rawdata.find(">", i)
             if k >= 0:
-                return k+1
+                return k + 1
             else:
                 # We have an incomplete CDATA block.
                 return k
@@ -422,35 +437,35 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
     @staticmethod
     def map_content_type(content_type):
         content_type = content_type.lower()
-        if content_type == 'text' or content_type == 'plain':
-            content_type = 'text/plain'
-        elif content_type == 'html':
-            content_type = 'text/html'
-        elif content_type == 'xhtml':
-            content_type = 'application/xhtml+xml'
+        if content_type == "text" or content_type == "plain":
+            content_type = "text/plain"
+        elif content_type == "html":
+            content_type = "text/html"
+        elif content_type == "xhtml":
+            content_type = "application/xhtml+xml"
         return content_type
 
     def track_namespace(self, prefix, uri):
         loweruri = uri.lower()
         if not self.version:
-            if (prefix, loweruri) == (None, 'http://my.netscape.com/rdf/simple/0.9/'):
-                self.version = 'rss090'
-            elif loweruri == 'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/':
-                self.version = 'rss10'
-            elif loweruri == 'http://www.w3.org/2005/atom':
-                self.version = 'atom10'
-        if loweruri.find('backend.userland.com/rss') != -1:
+            if (prefix, loweruri) == (None, "http://my.netscape.com/rdf/simple/0.9/"):
+                self.version = "rss090"
+            elif loweruri == "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/":
+                self.version = "rss10"
+            elif loweruri == "http://www.w3.org/2005/atom":
+                self.version = "atom10"
+        if loweruri.find("backend.userland.com/rss") != -1:
             # match any backend.userland.com namespace
-            uri = 'http://backend.userland.com/rss'
+            uri = "http://backend.userland.com/rss"
             loweruri = uri
         if loweruri in self._matchnamespaces:
             self.namespacemap[prefix] = self._matchnamespaces[loweruri]
             self.namespaces_in_use[self._matchnamespaces[loweruri]] = uri
         else:
-            self.namespaces_in_use[prefix or ''] = uri
+            self.namespaces_in_use[prefix or ""] = uri
 
     def resolve_uri(self, uri):
-        return _urljoin(self.baseuri or '', uri)
+        return _urljoin(self.baseuri or "", uri)
 
     @staticmethod
     def decode_entities(element, data):
@@ -458,8 +473,8 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
 
     @staticmethod
     def strattrs(attrs):
-        return ''.join(
-            ' %s="%s"' % (t[0], xml.sax.saxutils.escape(t[1], {'"': '"'}))
+        return "".join(
+            ' {}="{}"'.format(t[0], xml.sax.saxutils.escape(t[1], {'"': """}))
             for t in attrs
         )
 
@@ -475,11 +490,14 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
         element, expecting_text, pieces = self.elementstack.pop()
 
         # Ensure each piece is a str for Python 3
-        for (i, v) in enumerate(pieces):
+        for i, v in enumerate(pieces):
             if isinstance(v, bytes):
-                pieces[i] = v.decode('utf-8')
+                pieces[i] = v.decode("utf-8")
 
-        if self.version == 'atom10' and self.contentparams.get('type', 'text') == 'application/xhtml+xml':
+        if (
+            self.version == "atom10"
+            and self.contentparams.get("type", "text") == "application/xhtml+xml"
+        ):
             # remove enclosing child element, but only if it is a 
 and
             # only if all the remaining content is nested underneath it.
             # This means that the divs would be retained in the following:
@@ -488,76 +506,95 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
                 del pieces[-1]
             while pieces and len(pieces) > 1 and not pieces[0].strip():
                 del pieces[0]
-            if pieces and (pieces[0] == '
' or pieces[0].startswith('
':
+            if (
+                pieces
+                and (pieces[0] == "
" or pieces[0].startswith("
"
+            ):
                 depth = 0
                 for piece in pieces[:-1]:
-                    if piece.startswith(''):
+                    elif piece.startswith("<") and not piece.endswith("/>"):
                         depth += 1
                 else:
                     pieces = pieces[1:-1]
 
-        output = ''.join(pieces)
+        output = "".join(pieces)
         if strip_whitespace:
             output = output.strip()
         if not expecting_text:
             return output
 
         # decode base64 content
-        if base64 and self.contentparams.get('base64', 0):
+        if base64 and self.contentparams.get("base64", 0):
             try:
-                output = base64.decodebytes(output.encode('utf8')).decode('utf8')
+                output = base64.decodebytes(output.encode("utf8")).decode("utf8")
             except (binascii.Error, binascii.Incomplete, UnicodeDecodeError):
                 pass
 
         # resolve relative URIs
         if (element in self.can_be_relative_uri) and output:
             # do not resolve guid elements with isPermalink="false"
-            if not element == 'id' or self.guidislink:
+            if not element == "id" or self.guidislink:
                 output = self.resolve_uri(output)
 
         # decode entities within embedded markup
-        if not self.contentparams.get('base64', 0):
+        if not self.contentparams.get("base64", 0):
             output = self.decode_entities(element, output)
 
         # some feed formats require consumers to guess
         # whether the content is html or plain text
-        if not self.version.startswith('atom') and self.contentparams.get('type') == 'text/plain':
+        if (
+            not self.version.startswith("atom")
+            and self.contentparams.get("type") == "text/plain"
+        ):
             if self.looks_like_html(output):
-                self.contentparams['type'] = 'text/html'
+                self.contentparams["type"] = "text/html"
 
         # remove temporary cruft from contentparams
         try:
-            del self.contentparams['mode']
+            del self.contentparams["mode"]
         except KeyError:
             pass
         try:
-            del self.contentparams['base64']
+            del self.contentparams["base64"]
         except KeyError:
             pass
 
-        is_htmlish = self.map_content_type(self.contentparams.get('type', 'text/html')) in self.html_types
+        is_htmlish = (
+            self.map_content_type(self.contentparams.get("type", "text/html"))
+            in self.html_types
+        )
         # resolve relative URIs within embedded markup
         if is_htmlish and self.resolve_relative_uris:
             if element in self.can_contain_relative_uris:
-                output = resolve_relative_uris(output, self.baseuri, self.encoding, self.contentparams.get('type', 'text/html'))
+                output = resolve_relative_uris(
+                    output,
+                    self.baseuri,
+                    self.encoding,
+                    self.contentparams.get("type", "text/html"),
+                )
 
         # sanitize embedded markup
         if is_htmlish and self.sanitize_html:
             if element in self.can_contain_dangerous_markup:
-                output = sanitize_html(output, self.encoding, self.contentparams.get('type', 'text/html'))
+                output = sanitize_html(
+                    output, self.encoding, self.contentparams.get("type", "text/html")
+                )
 
         if self.encoding and isinstance(output, bytes):
-            output = output.decode(self.encoding, 'ignore')
+            output = output.decode(self.encoding, "ignore")
 
         # address common error where people take data that is already
         # utf-8, presume that it is iso-8859-1, and re-encode it.
-        if self.encoding in ('utf-8', 'utf-8_INVALID_PYTHON_3') and not isinstance(output, bytes):
+        if self.encoding in ("utf-8", "utf-8_INVALID_PYTHON_3") and not isinstance(
+            output, bytes
+        ):
             try:
-                output = output.encode('iso-8859-1').decode('utf-8')
+                output = output.encode("iso-8859-1").decode("utf-8")
             except (UnicodeEncodeError, UnicodeDecodeError):
                 pass
 
@@ -567,65 +604,74 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
 
         # categories/tags/keywords/whatever are handled in _end_category or
         # _end_tags or _end_itunes_keywords
-        if element in ('category', 'tags', 'itunes_keywords'):
+        if element in ("category", "tags", "itunes_keywords"):
             return output
 
-        if element == 'title' and -1 < self.title_depth <= self.depth:
+        if element == "title" and -1 < self.title_depth <= self.depth:
             return output
 
         # store output in appropriate place(s)
         if self.inentry and not self.insource:
-            if element == 'content':
+            if element == "content":
                 self.entries[-1].setdefault(element, [])
                 contentparams = copy.deepcopy(self.contentparams)
-                contentparams['value'] = output
+                contentparams["value"] = output
                 self.entries[-1][element].append(contentparams)
-            elif element == 'link':
+            elif element == "link":
                 if not self.inimage:
                     # query variables in urls in link elements are improperly
                     # converted from `?a=1&b=2` to `?a=1&b;=2` as if they're
                     # unhandled character references. fix this special case.
-                    output = output.replace('&', '&')
+                    output = output.replace("&", "&")
                     output = re.sub("&([A-Za-z0-9_]+);", r"&\g<1>", output)
                     self.entries[-1][element] = output
                     if output:
-                        self.entries[-1]['links'][-1]['href'] = output
+                        self.entries[-1]["links"][-1]["href"] = output
             else:
-                if element == 'description':
-                    element = 'summary'
-                old_value_depth = self.property_depth_map.setdefault(self.entries[-1], {}).get(element)
+                if element == "description":
+                    element = "summary"
+                old_value_depth = self.property_depth_map.setdefault(
+                    self.entries[-1], {}
+                ).get(element)
                 if old_value_depth is None or self.depth <= old_value_depth:
                     self.property_depth_map[self.entries[-1]][element] = self.depth
                     self.entries[-1][element] = output
                 if self.incontent:
                     contentparams = copy.deepcopy(self.contentparams)
-                    contentparams['value'] = output
-                    self.entries[-1][element + '_detail'] = contentparams
-        elif self.infeed or self.insource:  # and (not self.intextinput) and (not self.inimage):
+                    contentparams["value"] = output
+                    self.entries[-1][element + "_detail"] = contentparams
+        elif (
+            self.infeed or self.insource
+        ):  # and (not self.intextinput) and (not self.inimage):
             context = self._get_context()
-            if element == 'description':
-                element = 'subtitle'
+            if element == "description":
+                element = "subtitle"
             context[element] = output
-            if element == 'link':
+            if element == "link":
                 # fix query variables; see above for the explanation
                 output = re.sub("&([A-Za-z0-9_]+);", r"&\g<1>", output)
                 context[element] = output
-                context['links'][-1]['href'] = output
+                context["links"][-1]["href"] = output
             elif self.incontent:
                 contentparams = copy.deepcopy(self.contentparams)
-                contentparams['value'] = output
-                context[element + '_detail'] = contentparams
+                contentparams["value"] = output
+                context[element + "_detail"] = contentparams
         return output
 
     def push_content(self, tag, attrs_d, default_content_type, expecting_text):
         self.incontent += 1
         if self.lang:
-            self.lang = self.lang.replace('_', '-')
-        self.contentparams = FeedParserDict({
-            'type': self.map_content_type(attrs_d.get('type', default_content_type)),
-            'language': self.lang,
-            'base': self.baseuri})
-        self.contentparams['base64'] = self._is_base64(attrs_d, self.contentparams)
+            self.lang = self.lang.replace("_", "-")
+        self.contentparams = FeedParserDict(
+            {
+                "type": self.map_content_type(
+                    attrs_d.get("type", default_content_type)
+                ),
+                "language": self.lang,
+                "base": self.baseuri,
+            }
+        )
+        self.contentparams["base64"] = self._is_base64(attrs_d, self.contentparams)
         self.push(tag, expecting_text)
 
     def pop_content(self, tag):
@@ -646,55 +692,61 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
         """
 
         # must have a close tag or an entity reference to qualify
-        if not (re.search(r'', s) or re.search(r'&#?\w+;', s)):
+        if not (re.search(r"", s) or re.search(r"&#?\w+;", s)):
             return False
 
         # all tags must be in a restricted subset of valid HTML tags
-        if any((t for t in re.findall(r'', '')
-                author = author.replace('<>', '')
+                author = author.replace(email, "")
+                author = author.replace("()", "")
+                author = author.replace("<>", "")
+                author = author.replace("<>", "")
                 author = author.strip()
-                if author and (author[0] == '('):
+                if author and (author[0] == "("):
                     author = author[1:]
-                if author and (author[-1] == ')'):
+                if author and (author[-1] == ")"):
                     author = author[:-1]
                 author = author.strip()
             if author or email:
-                context.setdefault('%s_detail' % key, detail)
+                context.setdefault("%s_detail" % key, detail)
             if author:
-                detail['name'] = author
+                detail["name"] = author
             if email:
-                detail['email'] = email
+                detail["email"] = email
 
     def _add_tag(self, term, scheme, label):
         context = self._get_context()
-        tags = context.setdefault('tags', [])
+        tags = context.setdefault("tags", [])
         if (not term) and (not scheme) and (not label):
             return
         value = FeedParserDict(term=term, scheme=scheme, label=label)
@@ -781,8 +833,8 @@ class XMLParserMixin(
         # This is a completely-made up element. Its semantics are determined
         # only by a single feed that precipitated bug report 392 on Google Code.
         # In short, this is junk code.
-        self.push('tags', 1)
+        self.push("tags", 1)
 
     def _end_tags(self):
-        for term in self.pop('tags').split(','):
+        for term in self.pop("tags").split(","):
             self._add_tag(term.strip(), None, None)
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/_base.py b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/_base.py
index 6478a76c..1fc3ee30 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/_base.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/_base.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Support for the Atom, RSS, RDF, and CDF feed formats
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ from ..urls import make_safe_absolute_uri
 from ..util import FeedParserDict
 
 
-class Namespace(object):
+class Namespace:
     """Support for the Atom, RSS, RDF, and CDF feed formats.
 
     The feed formats all share common elements, some of which have conflicting
@@ -42,452 +42,490 @@ class Namespace(object):
     """
 
     supported_namespaces = {
-        '': '',
-        'http://backend.userland.com/rss': '',
-        'http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss': '',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/': '',
-        'http://my.netscape.com/rdf/simple/0.9/': '',
-        'http://example.com/newformat#': '',
-        'http://example.com/necho': '',
-        'http://purl.org/echo/': '',
-        'uri/of/echo/namespace#': '',
-        'http://purl.org/pie/': '',
-        'http://purl.org/atom/ns#': '',
-        'http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom': '',
-        'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/rss091#': '',
+        "": "",
+        "http://backend.userland.com/rss": "",
+        "http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss": "",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/": "",
+        "http://my.netscape.com/rdf/simple/0.9/": "",
+        "http://example.com/newformat#": "",
+        "http://example.com/necho": "",
+        "http://purl.org/echo/": "",
+        "uri/of/echo/namespace#": "",
+        "http://purl.org/pie/": "",
+        "http://purl.org/atom/ns#": "",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom": "",
+        "http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/rss091#": "",
     }
 
     def _start_rss(self, attrs_d):
         versionmap = {
-            '0.91': 'rss091u',
-            '0.92': 'rss092',
-            '0.93': 'rss093',
-            '0.94': 'rss094',
+            "0.91": "rss091u",
+            "0.92": "rss092",
+            "0.93": "rss093",
+            "0.94": "rss094",
         }
 
         # If we're here then this is an RSS feed.
         # If we don't have a version or have a version that starts with something
         # other than RSS then there's been a mistake. Correct it.
-        if not self.version or not self.version.startswith('rss'):
-            attr_version = attrs_d.get('version', '')
+        if not self.version or not self.version.startswith("rss"):
+            attr_version = attrs_d.get("version", "")
             version = versionmap.get(attr_version)
             if version:
                 self.version = version
-            elif attr_version.startswith('2.'):
-                self.version = 'rss20'
+            elif attr_version.startswith("2."):
+                self.version = "rss20"
             else:
-                self.version = 'rss'
+                self.version = "rss"
 
     def _start_channel(self, attrs_d):
         self.infeed = 1
         self._cdf_common(attrs_d)
 
     def _cdf_common(self, attrs_d):
-        if 'lastmod' in attrs_d:
+        if "lastmod" in attrs_d:
             self._start_modified({})
-            self.elementstack[-1][-1] = attrs_d['lastmod']
+            self.elementstack[-1][-1] = attrs_d["lastmod"]
             self._end_modified()
-        if 'href' in attrs_d:
+        if "href" in attrs_d:
             self._start_link({})
-            self.elementstack[-1][-1] = attrs_d['href']
+            self.elementstack[-1][-1] = attrs_d["href"]
             self._end_link()
 
     def _start_feed(self, attrs_d):
         self.infeed = 1
-        versionmap = {'0.1': 'atom01',
-                      '0.2': 'atom02',
-                      '0.3': 'atom03'}
+        versionmap = {"0.1": "atom01", "0.2": "atom02", "0.3": "atom03"}
         if not self.version:
-            attr_version = attrs_d.get('version')
+            attr_version = attrs_d.get("version")
             version = versionmap.get(attr_version)
             if version:
                 self.version = version
             else:
-                self.version = 'atom'
+                self.version = "atom"
 
     def _end_channel(self):
         self.infeed = 0
+
     _end_feed = _end_channel
 
     def _start_image(self, attrs_d):
         context = self._get_context()
         if not self.inentry:
-            context.setdefault('image', FeedParserDict())
+            context.setdefault("image", FeedParserDict())
         self.inimage = 1
         self.title_depth = -1
-        self.push('image', 0)
+        self.push("image", 0)
 
     def _end_image(self):
-        self.pop('image')
+        self.pop("image")
         self.inimage = 0
 
     def _start_textinput(self, attrs_d):
         context = self._get_context()
-        context.setdefault('textinput', FeedParserDict())
+        context.setdefault("textinput", FeedParserDict())
         self.intextinput = 1
         self.title_depth = -1
-        self.push('textinput', 0)
+        self.push("textinput", 0)
+
     _start_textInput = _start_textinput
 
     def _end_textinput(self):
-        self.pop('textinput')
+        self.pop("textinput")
         self.intextinput = 0
+
     _end_textInput = _end_textinput
 
     def _start_author(self, attrs_d):
         self.inauthor = 1
-        self.push('author', 1)
+        self.push("author", 1)
         # Append a new FeedParserDict when expecting an author
         context = self._get_context()
-        context.setdefault('authors', [])
-        context['authors'].append(FeedParserDict())
+        context.setdefault("authors", [])
+        context["authors"].append(FeedParserDict())
+
     _start_managingeditor = _start_author
 
     def _end_author(self):
-        self.pop('author')
+        self.pop("author")
         self.inauthor = 0
         self._sync_author_detail()
+
     _end_managingeditor = _end_author
 
     def _start_contributor(self, attrs_d):
         self.incontributor = 1
         context = self._get_context()
-        context.setdefault('contributors', [])
-        context['contributors'].append(FeedParserDict())
-        self.push('contributor', 0)
+        context.setdefault("contributors", [])
+        context["contributors"].append(FeedParserDict())
+        self.push("contributor", 0)
 
     def _end_contributor(self):
-        self.pop('contributor')
+        self.pop("contributor")
         self.incontributor = 0
 
     def _start_name(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('name', 0)
+        self.push("name", 0)
 
     def _end_name(self):
-        value = self.pop('name')
+        value = self.pop("name")
         if self.inpublisher:
-            self._save_author('name', value, 'publisher')
+            self._save_author("name", value, "publisher")
         elif self.inauthor:
-            self._save_author('name', value)
+            self._save_author("name", value)
         elif self.incontributor:
-            self._save_contributor('name', value)
+            self._save_contributor("name", value)
         elif self.intextinput:
             context = self._get_context()
-            context['name'] = value
+            context["name"] = value
 
     def _start_width(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('width', 0)
+        self.push("width", 0)
 
     def _end_width(self):
-        value = self.pop('width')
+        value = self.pop("width")
         try:
             value = int(value)
         except ValueError:
             value = 0
         if self.inimage:
             context = self._get_context()
-            context['width'] = value
+            context["width"] = value
 
     def _start_height(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('height', 0)
+        self.push("height", 0)
 
     def _end_height(self):
-        value = self.pop('height')
+        value = self.pop("height")
         try:
             value = int(value)
         except ValueError:
             value = 0
         if self.inimage:
             context = self._get_context()
-            context['height'] = value
+            context["height"] = value
 
     def _start_url(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('href', 1)
+        self.push("href", 1)
+
     _start_homepage = _start_url
     _start_uri = _start_url
 
     def _end_url(self):
-        value = self.pop('href')
+        value = self.pop("href")
         if self.inauthor:
-            self._save_author('href', value)
+            self._save_author("href", value)
         elif self.incontributor:
-            self._save_contributor('href', value)
+            self._save_contributor("href", value)
+
     _end_homepage = _end_url
     _end_uri = _end_url
 
     def _start_email(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('email', 0)
+        self.push("email", 0)
 
     def _end_email(self):
-        value = self.pop('email')
+        value = self.pop("email")
         if self.inpublisher:
-            self._save_author('email', value, 'publisher')
+            self._save_author("email", value, "publisher")
         elif self.inauthor:
-            self._save_author('email', value)
+            self._save_author("email", value)
         elif self.incontributor:
-            self._save_contributor('email', value)
+            self._save_contributor("email", value)
 
     def _start_subtitle(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push_content('subtitle', attrs_d, 'text/plain', 1)
+        self.push_content("subtitle", attrs_d, "text/plain", 1)
+
     _start_tagline = _start_subtitle
 
     def _end_subtitle(self):
-        self.pop_content('subtitle')
+        self.pop_content("subtitle")
+
     _end_tagline = _end_subtitle
 
     def _start_rights(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push_content('rights', attrs_d, 'text/plain', 1)
+        self.push_content("rights", attrs_d, "text/plain", 1)
+
     _start_copyright = _start_rights
 
     def _end_rights(self):
-        self.pop_content('rights')
+        self.pop_content("rights")
+
     _end_copyright = _end_rights
 
     def _start_item(self, attrs_d):
         self.entries.append(FeedParserDict())
-        self.push('item', 0)
+        self.push("item", 0)
         self.inentry = 1
         self.guidislink = 0
         self.title_depth = -1
-        id = self._get_attribute(attrs_d, 'rdf:about')
+        id = self._get_attribute(attrs_d, "rdf:about")
         if id:
             context = self._get_context()
-            context['id'] = id
+            context["id"] = id
         self._cdf_common(attrs_d)
+
     _start_entry = _start_item
 
     def _end_item(self):
-        self.pop('item')
+        self.pop("item")
         self.inentry = 0
         self.hasContent = 0
+
     _end_entry = _end_item
 
     def _start_language(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('language', 1)
+        self.push("language", 1)
 
     def _end_language(self):
-        self.lang = self.pop('language')
+        self.lang = self.pop("language")
 
     def _start_webmaster(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('publisher', 1)
+        self.push("publisher", 1)
 
     def _end_webmaster(self):
-        self.pop('publisher')
-        self._sync_author_detail('publisher')
+        self.pop("publisher")
+        self._sync_author_detail("publisher")
 
     def _start_published(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('published', 1)
+        self.push("published", 1)
+
     _start_issued = _start_published
     _start_pubdate = _start_published
 
     def _end_published(self):
-        value = self.pop('published')
-        self._save('published_parsed', _parse_date(value), overwrite=True)
+        value = self.pop("published")
+        self._save("published_parsed", _parse_date(value), overwrite=True)
+
     _end_issued = _end_published
     _end_pubdate = _end_published
 
     def _start_updated(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('updated', 1)
+        self.push("updated", 1)
+
     _start_modified = _start_updated
     _start_lastbuilddate = _start_updated
 
     def _end_updated(self):
-        value = self.pop('updated')
+        value = self.pop("updated")
         parsed_value = _parse_date(value)
-        self._save('updated_parsed', parsed_value, overwrite=True)
+        self._save("updated_parsed", parsed_value, overwrite=True)
+
     _end_modified = _end_updated
     _end_lastbuilddate = _end_updated
 
     def _start_created(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('created', 1)
+        self.push("created", 1)
 
     def _end_created(self):
-        value = self.pop('created')
-        self._save('created_parsed', _parse_date(value), overwrite=True)
+        value = self.pop("created")
+        self._save("created_parsed", _parse_date(value), overwrite=True)
 
     def _start_expirationdate(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('expired', 1)
+        self.push("expired", 1)
 
     def _end_expirationdate(self):
-        self._save('expired_parsed', _parse_date(self.pop('expired')), overwrite=True)
+        self._save("expired_parsed", _parse_date(self.pop("expired")), overwrite=True)
 
     def _start_category(self, attrs_d):
-        term = attrs_d.get('term')
-        scheme = attrs_d.get('scheme', attrs_d.get('domain'))
-        label = attrs_d.get('label')
+        term = attrs_d.get("term")
+        scheme = attrs_d.get("scheme", attrs_d.get("domain"))
+        label = attrs_d.get("label")
         self._add_tag(term, scheme, label)
-        self.push('category', 1)
+        self.push("category", 1)
+
     _start_keywords = _start_category
 
     def _end_category(self):
-        value = self.pop('category')
+        value = self.pop("category")
         if not value:
             return
         context = self._get_context()
-        tags = context['tags']
-        if value and len(tags) and not tags[-1]['term']:
-            tags[-1]['term'] = value
+        tags = context["tags"]
+        if value and len(tags) and not tags[-1]["term"]:
+            tags[-1]["term"] = value
         else:
             self._add_tag(value, None, None)
+
     _end_keywords = _end_category
 
     def _start_cloud(self, attrs_d):
-        self._get_context()['cloud'] = FeedParserDict(attrs_d)
+        self._get_context()["cloud"] = FeedParserDict(attrs_d)
 
     def _start_link(self, attrs_d):
-        attrs_d.setdefault('rel', 'alternate')
-        if attrs_d['rel'] == 'self':
-            attrs_d.setdefault('type', 'application/atom+xml')
+        attrs_d.setdefault("rel", "alternate")
+        if attrs_d["rel"] == "self":
+            attrs_d.setdefault("type", "application/atom+xml")
         else:
-            attrs_d.setdefault('type', 'text/html')
+            attrs_d.setdefault("type", "text/html")
         context = self._get_context()
         attrs_d = self._enforce_href(attrs_d)
-        if 'href' in attrs_d:
-            attrs_d['href'] = self.resolve_uri(attrs_d['href'])
+        if "href" in attrs_d:
+            attrs_d["href"] = self.resolve_uri(attrs_d["href"])
         expecting_text = self.infeed or self.inentry or self.insource
-        context.setdefault('links', [])
+        context.setdefault("links", [])
         if not (self.inentry and self.inimage):
-            context['links'].append(FeedParserDict(attrs_d))
-        if 'href' in attrs_d:
+            context["links"].append(FeedParserDict(attrs_d))
+        if "href" in attrs_d:
             if (
-                    attrs_d.get('rel') == 'alternate'
-                    and self.map_content_type(attrs_d.get('type')) in self.html_types
+                attrs_d.get("rel") == "alternate"
+                and self.map_content_type(attrs_d.get("type")) in self.html_types
             ):
-                context['link'] = attrs_d['href']
+                context["link"] = attrs_d["href"]
         else:
-            self.push('link', expecting_text)
+            self.push("link", expecting_text)
 
     def _end_link(self):
-        self.pop('link')
+        self.pop("link")
 
     def _start_guid(self, attrs_d):
-        self.guidislink = (attrs_d.get('ispermalink', 'true') == 'true')
-        self.push('id', 1)
+        self.guidislink = attrs_d.get("ispermalink", "true") == "true"
+        self.push("id", 1)
+
     _start_id = _start_guid
 
     def _end_guid(self):
-        value = self.pop('id')
-        self._save('guidislink', self.guidislink and 'link' not in self._get_context())
+        value = self.pop("id")
+        self._save("guidislink", self.guidislink and "link" not in self._get_context())
         if self.guidislink:
             # guid acts as link, but only if 'ispermalink' is not present or is 'true',
             # and only if the item doesn't already have a link element
-            self._save('link', value)
+            self._save("link", value)
+
     _end_id = _end_guid
 
     def _start_title(self, attrs_d):
         if self.svgOK:
-            return self.unknown_starttag('title', list(attrs_d.items()))
-        self.push_content('title', attrs_d, 'text/plain', self.infeed or self.inentry or self.insource)
+            return self.unknown_starttag("title", list(attrs_d.items()))
+        self.push_content(
+            "title", attrs_d, "text/plain", self.infeed or self.inentry or self.insource
+        )
 
     def _end_title(self):
         if self.svgOK:
             return
-        value = self.pop_content('title')
+        value = self.pop_content("title")
         if not value:
             return
         self.title_depth = self.depth
 
     def _start_description(self, attrs_d):
         context = self._get_context()
-        if 'summary' in context and not self.hasContent:
-            self._summaryKey = 'content'
+        if "summary" in context and not self.hasContent:
+            self._summaryKey = "content"
             self._start_content(attrs_d)
         else:
-            self.push_content('description', attrs_d, 'text/html', self.infeed or self.inentry or self.insource)
+            self.push_content(
+                "description",
+                attrs_d,
+                "text/html",
+                self.infeed or self.inentry or self.insource,
+            )
 
     def _start_abstract(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push_content('description', attrs_d, 'text/plain', self.infeed or self.inentry or self.insource)
+        self.push_content(
+            "description",
+            attrs_d,
+            "text/plain",
+            self.infeed or self.inentry or self.insource,
+        )
 
     def _end_description(self):
-        if self._summaryKey == 'content':
+        if self._summaryKey == "content":
             self._end_content()
         else:
-            self.pop_content('description')
+            self.pop_content("description")
         self._summaryKey = None
+
     _end_abstract = _end_description
 
     def _start_info(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push_content('info', attrs_d, 'text/plain', 1)
+        self.push_content("info", attrs_d, "text/plain", 1)
+
     _start_feedburner_browserfriendly = _start_info
 
     def _end_info(self):
-        self.pop_content('info')
+        self.pop_content("info")
+
     _end_feedburner_browserfriendly = _end_info
 
     def _start_generator(self, attrs_d):
         if attrs_d:
             attrs_d = self._enforce_href(attrs_d)
-            if 'href' in attrs_d:
-                attrs_d['href'] = self.resolve_uri(attrs_d['href'])
-        self._get_context()['generator_detail'] = FeedParserDict(attrs_d)
-        self.push('generator', 1)
+            if "href" in attrs_d:
+                attrs_d["href"] = self.resolve_uri(attrs_d["href"])
+        self._get_context()["generator_detail"] = FeedParserDict(attrs_d)
+        self.push("generator", 1)
 
     def _end_generator(self):
-        value = self.pop('generator')
+        value = self.pop("generator")
         context = self._get_context()
-        if 'generator_detail' in context:
-            context['generator_detail']['name'] = value
+        if "generator_detail" in context:
+            context["generator_detail"]["name"] = value
 
     def _start_summary(self, attrs_d):
         context = self._get_context()
-        if 'summary' in context and not self.hasContent:
-            self._summaryKey = 'content'
+        if "summary" in context and not self.hasContent:
+            self._summaryKey = "content"
             self._start_content(attrs_d)
         else:
-            self._summaryKey = 'summary'
-            self.push_content(self._summaryKey, attrs_d, 'text/plain', 1)
+            self._summaryKey = "summary"
+            self.push_content(self._summaryKey, attrs_d, "text/plain", 1)
 
     def _end_summary(self):
-        if self._summaryKey == 'content':
+        if self._summaryKey == "content":
             self._end_content()
         else:
-            self.pop_content(self._summaryKey or 'summary')
+            self.pop_content(self._summaryKey or "summary")
         self._summaryKey = None
 
     def _start_enclosure(self, attrs_d):
         attrs_d = self._enforce_href(attrs_d)
         context = self._get_context()
-        attrs_d['rel'] = 'enclosure'
-        context.setdefault('links', []).append(FeedParserDict(attrs_d))
+        attrs_d["rel"] = "enclosure"
+        context.setdefault("links", []).append(FeedParserDict(attrs_d))
 
     def _start_source(self, attrs_d):
-        if 'url' in attrs_d:
+        if "url" in attrs_d:
             # This means that we're processing a source element from an RSS 2.0 feed
-            self.sourcedata['href'] = attrs_d['url']
-        self.push('source', 1)
+            self.sourcedata["href"] = attrs_d["url"]
+        self.push("source", 1)
         self.insource = 1
         self.title_depth = -1
 
     def _end_source(self):
         self.insource = 0
-        value = self.pop('source')
+        value = self.pop("source")
         if value:
-            self.sourcedata['title'] = value
-        self._get_context()['source'] = copy.deepcopy(self.sourcedata)
+            self.sourcedata["title"] = value
+        self._get_context()["source"] = copy.deepcopy(self.sourcedata)
         self.sourcedata.clear()
 
     def _start_content(self, attrs_d):
         self.hasContent = 1
-        self.push_content('content', attrs_d, 'text/plain', 1)
-        src = attrs_d.get('src')
+        self.push_content("content", attrs_d, "text/plain", 1)
+        src = attrs_d.get("src")
         if src:
-            self.contentparams['src'] = src
-        self.push('content', 1)
+            self.contentparams["src"] = src
+        self.push("content", 1)
 
     def _start_body(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push_content('content', attrs_d, 'application/xhtml+xml', 1)
+        self.push_content("content", attrs_d, "application/xhtml+xml", 1)
+
     _start_xhtml_body = _start_body
 
     def _start_content_encoded(self, attrs_d):
         self.hasContent = 1
-        self.push_content('content', attrs_d, 'text/html', 1)
+        self.push_content("content", attrs_d, "text/html", 1)
+
     _start_fullitem = _start_content_encoded
 
     def _end_content(self):
-        copyToSummary = self.map_content_type(self.contentparams.get('type')) in ({'text/plain'} | self.html_types)
-        value = self.pop_content('content')
+        copyToSummary = self.map_content_type(self.contentparams.get("type")) in (
+            {"text/plain"} | self.html_types
+        )
+        value = self.pop_content("content")
         if copyToSummary:
-            self._save('summary', value)
+            self._save("summary", value)
 
     _end_body = _end_content
     _end_xhtml_body = _end_content
@@ -495,12 +533,12 @@ class Namespace(object):
     _end_fullitem = _end_content
 
     def _start_newlocation(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('newlocation', 1)
+        self.push("newlocation", 1)
 
     def _end_newlocation(self):
-        url = self.pop('newlocation')
+        url = self.pop("newlocation")
         context = self._get_context()
         # don't set newlocation if the context isn't right
         if context is not self.feeddata:
             return
-        context['newlocation'] = make_safe_absolute_uri(self.baseuri, url.strip())
+        context["newlocation"] = make_safe_absolute_uri(self.baseuri, url.strip())
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/admin.py b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/admin.py
index 74218348..47fa1d5a 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/admin.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/admin.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Support for the administrative elements extension
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -29,25 +29,25 @@
 from ..util import FeedParserDict
 
 
-class Namespace(object):
+class Namespace:
     # RDF Site Summary 1.0 Modules: Administrative
     # http://web.resource.org/rss/1.0/modules/admin/
 
     supported_namespaces = {
-        'http://webns.net/mvcb/': 'admin',
+        "http://webns.net/mvcb/": "admin",
     }
 
     def _start_admin_generatoragent(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('generator', 1)
-        value = self._get_attribute(attrs_d, 'rdf:resource')
+        self.push("generator", 1)
+        value = self._get_attribute(attrs_d, "rdf:resource")
         if value:
             self.elementstack[-1][2].append(value)
-        self.pop('generator')
-        self._get_context()['generator_detail'] = FeedParserDict({'href': value})
+        self.pop("generator")
+        self._get_context()["generator_detail"] = FeedParserDict({"href": value})
 
     def _start_admin_errorreportsto(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('errorreportsto', 1)
-        value = self._get_attribute(attrs_d, 'rdf:resource')
+        self.push("errorreportsto", 1)
+        value = self._get_attribute(attrs_d, "rdf:resource")
         if value:
             self.elementstack[-1][2].append(value)
-        self.pop('errorreportsto')
+        self.pop("errorreportsto")
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/cc.py b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/cc.py
index 6735c5fe..bbe3bed2 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/cc.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/cc.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Support for the Creative Commons licensing extensions
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -29,41 +29,42 @@
 from ..util import FeedParserDict
 
 
-class Namespace(object):
+class Namespace:
     supported_namespaces = {
         # RDF-based namespace
-        'http://creativecommons.org/ns#license': 'cc',
-
+        "http://creativecommons.org/ns#license": "cc",
         # Old RDF-based namespace
-        'http://web.resource.org/cc/': 'cc',
-
+        "http://web.resource.org/cc/": "cc",
         # RSS-based namespace
-        'http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/rss/creativeCommonsRssModule.html': 'creativecommons',
-
+        "http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/rss/creativeCommonsRssModule.html": (
+            "creativecommons"
+        ),
         # Old RSS-based namespace
-        'http://backend.userland.com/creativeCommonsRssModule': 'creativecommons',
+        "http://backend.userland.com/creativeCommonsRssModule": "creativecommons",
     }
 
     def _start_cc_license(self, attrs_d):
         context = self._get_context()
-        value = self._get_attribute(attrs_d, 'rdf:resource')
+        value = self._get_attribute(attrs_d, "rdf:resource")
         attrs_d = FeedParserDict()
-        attrs_d['rel'] = 'license'
+        attrs_d["rel"] = "license"
         if value:
-            attrs_d['href'] = value
-        context.setdefault('links', []).append(attrs_d)
+            attrs_d["href"] = value
+        context.setdefault("links", []).append(attrs_d)
 
     def _start_creativecommons_license(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('license', 1)
+        self.push("license", 1)
+
     _start_creativeCommons_license = _start_creativecommons_license
 
     def _end_creativecommons_license(self):
-        value = self.pop('license')
+        value = self.pop("license")
         context = self._get_context()
         attrs_d = FeedParserDict()
-        attrs_d['rel'] = 'license'
+        attrs_d["rel"] = "license"
         if value:
-            attrs_d['href'] = value
-        context.setdefault('links', []).append(attrs_d)
-        del context['license']
+            attrs_d["href"] = value
+        context.setdefault("links", []).append(attrs_d)
+        del context["license"]
+
     _end_creativeCommons_license = _end_creativecommons_license
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/dc.py b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/dc.py
index a89221d2..b0275325 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/dc.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/dc.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Support for the Dublin Core metadata extensions
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -30,10 +30,10 @@ from ..datetimes import _parse_date
 from ..util import FeedParserDict
 
 
-class Namespace(object):
+class Namespace:
     supported_namespaces = {
-        'http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/': 'dc',
-        'http://purl.org/dc/terms/': 'dcterms',
+        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/": "dc",
+        "http://purl.org/dc/terms/": "dcterms",
     }
 
     def _end_dc_author(self):
@@ -109,25 +109,29 @@ class Namespace(object):
         self._start_updated(attrs_d)
 
     def _start_dcterms_valid(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('validity', 1)
+        self.push("validity", 1)
 
     def _end_dcterms_valid(self):
-        for validity_detail in self.pop('validity').split(';'):
-            if '=' in validity_detail:
-                key, value = validity_detail.split('=', 1)
-                if key == 'start':
-                    self._save('validity_start', value, overwrite=True)
-                    self._save('validity_start_parsed', _parse_date(value), overwrite=True)
-                elif key == 'end':
-                    self._save('validity_end', value, overwrite=True)
-                    self._save('validity_end_parsed', _parse_date(value), overwrite=True)
+        for validity_detail in self.pop("validity").split(";"):
+            if "=" in validity_detail:
+                key, value = validity_detail.split("=", 1)
+                if key == "start":
+                    self._save("validity_start", value, overwrite=True)
+                    self._save(
+                        "validity_start_parsed", _parse_date(value), overwrite=True
+                    )
+                elif key == "end":
+                    self._save("validity_end", value, overwrite=True)
+                    self._save(
+                        "validity_end_parsed", _parse_date(value), overwrite=True
+                    )
 
     def _start_dc_contributor(self, attrs_d):
         self.incontributor = 1
         context = self._get_context()
-        context.setdefault('contributors', [])
-        context['contributors'].append(FeedParserDict())
-        self.push('name', 0)
+        context.setdefault("contributors", [])
+        context["contributors"].append(FeedParserDict())
+        self.push("name", 0)
 
     def _end_dc_contributor(self):
         self._end_name()
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/georss.py b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/georss.py
index 786a926f..93a508e8 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/georss.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/georss.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Support for the GeoRSS format
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -26,27 +26,24 @@
 # ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 # POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-# Required for Python 3.6 compatibility.
-from __future__ import generator_stop
-
 from ..util import FeedParserDict
 
 
-class Namespace(object):
+class Namespace:
     supported_namespaces = {
-        'http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#': 'geo',
-        'http://www.georss.org/georss': 'georss',
-        'http://www.opengis.net/gml': 'gml',
+        "http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#": "geo",
+        "http://www.georss.org/georss": "georss",
+        "http://www.opengis.net/gml": "gml",
     }
 
     def __init__(self):
         self.ingeometry = 0
-        super(Namespace, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
 
     def _start_georssgeom(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('geometry', 0)
+        self.push("geometry", 0)
         context = self._get_context()
-        context['where'] = FeedParserDict()
+        context["where"] = FeedParserDict()
 
     _start_georss_point = _start_georssgeom
     _start_georss_line = _start_georssgeom
@@ -55,76 +52,77 @@ class Namespace(object):
 
     def _save_where(self, geometry):
         context = self._get_context()
-        context['where'].update(geometry)
+        context["where"].update(geometry)
 
     def _end_georss_point(self):
-        geometry = _parse_georss_point(self.pop('geometry'))
+        geometry = _parse_georss_point(self.pop("geometry"))
         if geometry:
             self._save_where(geometry)
 
     def _end_georss_line(self):
-        geometry = _parse_georss_line(self.pop('geometry'))
+        geometry = _parse_georss_line(self.pop("geometry"))
         if geometry:
             self._save_where(geometry)
 
     def _end_georss_polygon(self):
-        this = self.pop('geometry')
+        this = self.pop("geometry")
         geometry = _parse_georss_polygon(this)
         if geometry:
             self._save_where(geometry)
 
     def _end_georss_box(self):
-        geometry = _parse_georss_box(self.pop('geometry'))
+        geometry = _parse_georss_box(self.pop("geometry"))
         if geometry:
             self._save_where(geometry)
 
     def _start_where(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('where', 0)
+        self.push("where", 0)
         context = self._get_context()
-        context['where'] = FeedParserDict()
+        context["where"] = FeedParserDict()
+
     _start_georss_where = _start_where
 
     def _parse_srs_attrs(self, attrs_d):
-        srs_name = attrs_d.get('srsname')
+        srs_name = attrs_d.get("srsname")
         try:
-            srs_dimension = int(attrs_d.get('srsdimension', '2'))
+            srs_dimension = int(attrs_d.get("srsdimension", "2"))
         except ValueError:
             srs_dimension = 2
         context = self._get_context()
-        if 'where' not in context:
-            context['where'] = {}
-        context['where']['srsName'] = srs_name
-        context['where']['srsDimension'] = srs_dimension
+        if "where" not in context:
+            context["where"] = {}
+        context["where"]["srsName"] = srs_name
+        context["where"]["srsDimension"] = srs_dimension
 
     def _start_gml_point(self, attrs_d):
         self._parse_srs_attrs(attrs_d)
         self.ingeometry = 1
-        self.push('geometry', 0)
+        self.push("geometry", 0)
 
     def _start_gml_linestring(self, attrs_d):
         self._parse_srs_attrs(attrs_d)
-        self.ingeometry = 'linestring'
-        self.push('geometry', 0)
+        self.ingeometry = "linestring"
+        self.push("geometry", 0)
 
     def _start_gml_polygon(self, attrs_d):
         self._parse_srs_attrs(attrs_d)
-        self.push('geometry', 0)
+        self.push("geometry", 0)
 
     def _start_gml_exterior(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('geometry', 0)
+        self.push("geometry", 0)
 
     def _start_gml_linearring(self, attrs_d):
-        self.ingeometry = 'polygon'
-        self.push('geometry', 0)
+        self.ingeometry = "polygon"
+        self.push("geometry", 0)
 
     def _start_gml_pos(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('pos', 0)
+        self.push("pos", 0)
 
     def _end_gml_pos(self):
-        this = self.pop('pos')
+        this = self.pop("pos")
         context = self._get_context()
-        srs_name = context['where'].get('srsName')
-        srs_dimension = context['where'].get('srsDimension', 2)
+        srs_name = context["where"].get("srsName")
+        srs_dimension = context["where"].get("srsDimension", 2)
         swap = True
         if srs_name and "EPSG" in srs_name:
             epsg = int(srs_name.split(":")[-1])
@@ -134,25 +132,25 @@ class Namespace(object):
             self._save_where(geometry)
 
     def _start_gml_poslist(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('pos', 0)
+        self.push("pos", 0)
 
     def _end_gml_poslist(self):
-        this = self.pop('pos')
+        this = self.pop("pos")
         context = self._get_context()
-        srs_name = context['where'].get('srsName')
-        srs_dimension = context['where'].get('srsDimension', 2)
+        srs_name = context["where"].get("srsName")
+        srs_dimension = context["where"].get("srsDimension", 2)
         swap = True
         if srs_name and "EPSG" in srs_name:
             epsg = int(srs_name.split(":")[-1])
             swap = bool(epsg in _geogCS)
-        geometry = _parse_poslist(
-            this, self.ingeometry, swap=swap, dims=srs_dimension)
+        geometry = _parse_poslist(this, self.ingeometry, swap=swap, dims=srs_dimension)
         if geometry:
             self._save_where(geometry)
 
     def _end_geom(self):
         self.ingeometry = 0
-        self.pop('geometry')
+        self.pop("geometry")
+
     _end_gml_point = _end_geom
     _end_gml_linestring = _end_geom
     _end_gml_linearring = _end_geom
@@ -160,19 +158,21 @@ class Namespace(object):
     _end_gml_polygon = _end_geom
 
     def _end_where(self):
-        self.pop('where')
+        self.pop("where")
+
     _end_georss_where = _end_where
 
 
 # GeoRSS geometry parsers. Each return a dict with 'type' and 'coordinates'
 # items, or None in the case of a parsing error.
 
+
 def _parse_poslist(value, geom_type, swap=True, dims=2):
-    if geom_type == 'linestring':
+    if geom_type == "linestring":
         return _parse_georss_line(value, swap, dims)
-    elif geom_type == 'polygon':
+    elif geom_type == "polygon":
         ring = _parse_georss_line(value, swap, dims)
-        return {'type': 'Polygon', 'coordinates': (ring['coordinates'],)}
+        return {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": (ring["coordinates"],)}
     else:
         return None
 
@@ -180,10 +180,10 @@ def _parse_poslist(value, geom_type, swap=True, dims=2):
 def _gen_georss_coords(value, swap=True, dims=2):
     # A generator of (lon, lat) pairs from a string of encoded GeoRSS
     # coordinates. Converts to floats and swaps order.
-    latlons = (float(ll) for ll in value.replace(',', ' ').split())
+    latlons = (float(ll) for ll in value.replace(",", " ").split())
     while True:
         try:
-            t = [next(latlons), next(latlons)][::swap and -1 or 1]
+            t = [next(latlons), next(latlons)][:: swap and -1 or 1]
             if dims == 3:
                 t.append(next(latlons))
             yield tuple(t)
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ def _parse_georss_point(value, swap=True, dims=2):
     # whitespace. We'll also handle comma separators.
     try:
         coords = list(_gen_georss_coords(value, swap, dims))
-        return {'type': 'Point', 'coordinates': coords[0]}
+        return {"type": "Point", "coordinates": coords[0]}
     except (IndexError, ValueError):
         return None
 
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ def _parse_georss_line(value, swap=True, dims=2):
     # whitespace. There must be at least two pairs.
     try:
         coords = list(_gen_georss_coords(value, swap, dims))
-        return {'type': 'LineString', 'coordinates': coords}
+        return {"type": "LineString", "coordinates": coords}
     except (IndexError, ValueError):
         return None
 
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ def _parse_georss_polygon(value, swap=True, dims=2):
         return None
     if len(ring) < 4:
         return None
-    return {'type': 'Polygon', 'coordinates': (ring,)}
+    return {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": (ring,)}
 
 
 def _parse_georss_box(value, swap=True, dims=2):
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ def _parse_georss_box(value, swap=True, dims=2):
     # first pair is the lower corner, the second is the upper corner.
     try:
         coords = list(_gen_georss_coords(value, swap, dims))
-        return {'type': 'Box', 'coordinates': tuple(coords)}
+        return {"type": "Box", "coordinates": tuple(coords)}
     except (IndexError, ValueError):
         return None
 
@@ -241,38 +241,443 @@ def _parse_georss_box(value, swap=True, dims=2):
 # The list of EPSG codes for geographic (latitude/longitude) coordinate
 # systems to support decoding of GeoRSS GML profiles.
 _geogCS = [
-    3819, 3821, 3824, 3889, 3906, 4001, 4002, 4003, 4004, 4005, 4006, 4007, 4008,
-    4009, 4010, 4011, 4012, 4013, 4014, 4015, 4016, 4018, 4019, 4020, 4021, 4022,
-    4023, 4024, 4025, 4027, 4028, 4029, 4030, 4031, 4032, 4033, 4034, 4035, 4036,
-    4041, 4042, 4043, 4044, 4045, 4046, 4047, 4052, 4053, 4054, 4055, 4075, 4081,
-    4120, 4121, 4122, 4123, 4124, 4125, 4126, 4127, 4128, 4129, 4130, 4131, 4132,
-    4133, 4134, 4135, 4136, 4137, 4138, 4139, 4140, 4141, 4142, 4143, 4144, 4145,
-    4146, 4147, 4148, 4149, 4150, 4151, 4152, 4153, 4154, 4155, 4156, 4157, 4158,
-    4159, 4160, 4161, 4162, 4163, 4164, 4165, 4166, 4167, 4168, 4169, 4170, 4171,
-    4172, 4173, 4174, 4175, 4176, 4178, 4179, 4180, 4181, 4182, 4183, 4184, 4185,
-    4188, 4189, 4190, 4191, 4192, 4193, 4194, 4195, 4196, 4197, 4198, 4199, 4200,
-    4201, 4202, 4203, 4204, 4205, 4206, 4207, 4208, 4209, 4210, 4211, 4212, 4213,
-    4214, 4215, 4216, 4218, 4219, 4220, 4221, 4222, 4223, 4224, 4225, 4226, 4227,
-    4228, 4229, 4230, 4231, 4232, 4233, 4234, 4235, 4236, 4237, 4238, 4239, 4240,
-    4241, 4242, 4243, 4244, 4245, 4246, 4247, 4248, 4249, 4250, 4251, 4252, 4253,
-    4254, 4255, 4256, 4257, 4258, 4259, 4260, 4261, 4262, 4263, 4264, 4265, 4266,
-    4267, 4268, 4269, 4270, 4271, 4272, 4273, 4274, 4275, 4276, 4277, 4278, 4279,
-    4280, 4281, 4282, 4283, 4284, 4285, 4286, 4287, 4288, 4289, 4291, 4292, 4293,
-    4294, 4295, 4296, 4297, 4298, 4299, 4300, 4301, 4302, 4303, 4304, 4306, 4307,
-    4308, 4309, 4310, 4311, 4312, 4313, 4314, 4315, 4316, 4317, 4318, 4319, 4322,
-    4324, 4326, 4463, 4470, 4475, 4483, 4490, 4555, 4558, 4600, 4601, 4602, 4603,
-    4604, 4605, 4606, 4607, 4608, 4609, 4610, 4611, 4612, 4613, 4614, 4615, 4616,
-    4617, 4618, 4619, 4620, 4621, 4622, 4623, 4624, 4625, 4626, 4627, 4628, 4629,
-    4630, 4631, 4632, 4633, 4634, 4635, 4636, 4637, 4638, 4639, 4640, 4641, 4642,
-    4643, 4644, 4645, 4646, 4657, 4658, 4659, 4660, 4661, 4662, 4663, 4664, 4665,
-    4666, 4667, 4668, 4669, 4670, 4671, 4672, 4673, 4674, 4675, 4676, 4677, 4678,
-    4679, 4680, 4681, 4682, 4683, 4684, 4685, 4686, 4687, 4688, 4689, 4690, 4691,
-    4692, 4693, 4694, 4695, 4696, 4697, 4698, 4699, 4700, 4701, 4702, 4703, 4704,
-    4705, 4706, 4707, 4708, 4709, 4710, 4711, 4712, 4713, 4714, 4715, 4716, 4717,
-    4718, 4719, 4720, 4721, 4722, 4723, 4724, 4725, 4726, 4727, 4728, 4729, 4730,
-    4731, 4732, 4733, 4734, 4735, 4736, 4737, 4738, 4739, 4740, 4741, 4742, 4743,
-    4744, 4745, 4746, 4747, 4748, 4749, 4750, 4751, 4752, 4753, 4754, 4755, 4756,
-    4757, 4758, 4759, 4760, 4761, 4762, 4763, 4764, 4765, 4801, 4802, 4803, 4804,
-    4805, 4806, 4807, 4808, 4809, 4810, 4811, 4813, 4814, 4815, 4816, 4817, 4818,
-    4819, 4820, 4821, 4823, 4824, 4901, 4902, 4903, 4904, 4979,
+    3819,
+    3821,
+    3824,
+    3889,
+    3906,
+    4001,
+    4002,
+    4003,
+    4004,
+    4005,
+    4006,
+    4007,
+    4008,
+    4009,
+    4010,
+    4011,
+    4012,
+    4013,
+    4014,
+    4015,
+    4016,
+    4018,
+    4019,
+    4020,
+    4021,
+    4022,
+    4023,
+    4024,
+    4025,
+    4027,
+    4028,
+    4029,
+    4030,
+    4031,
+    4032,
+    4033,
+    4034,
+    4035,
+    4036,
+    4041,
+    4042,
+    4043,
+    4044,
+    4045,
+    4046,
+    4047,
+    4052,
+    4053,
+    4054,
+    4055,
+    4075,
+    4081,
+    4120,
+    4121,
+    4122,
+    4123,
+    4124,
+    4125,
+    4126,
+    4127,
+    4128,
+    4129,
+    4130,
+    4131,
+    4132,
+    4133,
+    4134,
+    4135,
+    4136,
+    4137,
+    4138,
+    4139,
+    4140,
+    4141,
+    4142,
+    4143,
+    4144,
+    4145,
+    4146,
+    4147,
+    4148,
+    4149,
+    4150,
+    4151,
+    4152,
+    4153,
+    4154,
+    4155,
+    4156,
+    4157,
+    4158,
+    4159,
+    4160,
+    4161,
+    4162,
+    4163,
+    4164,
+    4165,
+    4166,
+    4167,
+    4168,
+    4169,
+    4170,
+    4171,
+    4172,
+    4173,
+    4174,
+    4175,
+    4176,
+    4178,
+    4179,
+    4180,
+    4181,
+    4182,
+    4183,
+    4184,
+    4185,
+    4188,
+    4189,
+    4190,
+    4191,
+    4192,
+    4193,
+    4194,
+    4195,
+    4196,
+    4197,
+    4198,
+    4199,
+    4200,
+    4201,
+    4202,
+    4203,
+    4204,
+    4205,
+    4206,
+    4207,
+    4208,
+    4209,
+    4210,
+    4211,
+    4212,
+    4213,
+    4214,
+    4215,
+    4216,
+    4218,
+    4219,
+    4220,
+    4221,
+    4222,
+    4223,
+    4224,
+    4225,
+    4226,
+    4227,
+    4228,
+    4229,
+    4230,
+    4231,
+    4232,
+    4233,
+    4234,
+    4235,
+    4236,
+    4237,
+    4238,
+    4239,
+    4240,
+    4241,
+    4242,
+    4243,
+    4244,
+    4245,
+    4246,
+    4247,
+    4248,
+    4249,
+    4250,
+    4251,
+    4252,
+    4253,
+    4254,
+    4255,
+    4256,
+    4257,
+    4258,
+    4259,
+    4260,
+    4261,
+    4262,
+    4263,
+    4264,
+    4265,
+    4266,
+    4267,
+    4268,
+    4269,
+    4270,
+    4271,
+    4272,
+    4273,
+    4274,
+    4275,
+    4276,
+    4277,
+    4278,
+    4279,
+    4280,
+    4281,
+    4282,
+    4283,
+    4284,
+    4285,
+    4286,
+    4287,
+    4288,
+    4289,
+    4291,
+    4292,
+    4293,
+    4294,
+    4295,
+    4296,
+    4297,
+    4298,
+    4299,
+    4300,
+    4301,
+    4302,
+    4303,
+    4304,
+    4306,
+    4307,
+    4308,
+    4309,
+    4310,
+    4311,
+    4312,
+    4313,
+    4314,
+    4315,
+    4316,
+    4317,
+    4318,
+    4319,
+    4322,
+    4324,
+    4326,
+    4463,
+    4470,
+    4475,
+    4483,
+    4490,
+    4555,
+    4558,
+    4600,
+    4601,
+    4602,
+    4603,
+    4604,
+    4605,
+    4606,
+    4607,
+    4608,
+    4609,
+    4610,
+    4611,
+    4612,
+    4613,
+    4614,
+    4615,
+    4616,
+    4617,
+    4618,
+    4619,
+    4620,
+    4621,
+    4622,
+    4623,
+    4624,
+    4625,
+    4626,
+    4627,
+    4628,
+    4629,
+    4630,
+    4631,
+    4632,
+    4633,
+    4634,
+    4635,
+    4636,
+    4637,
+    4638,
+    4639,
+    4640,
+    4641,
+    4642,
+    4643,
+    4644,
+    4645,
+    4646,
+    4657,
+    4658,
+    4659,
+    4660,
+    4661,
+    4662,
+    4663,
+    4664,
+    4665,
+    4666,
+    4667,
+    4668,
+    4669,
+    4670,
+    4671,
+    4672,
+    4673,
+    4674,
+    4675,
+    4676,
+    4677,
+    4678,
+    4679,
+    4680,
+    4681,
+    4682,
+    4683,
+    4684,
+    4685,
+    4686,
+    4687,
+    4688,
+    4689,
+    4690,
+    4691,
+    4692,
+    4693,
+    4694,
+    4695,
+    4696,
+    4697,
+    4698,
+    4699,
+    4700,
+    4701,
+    4702,
+    4703,
+    4704,
+    4705,
+    4706,
+    4707,
+    4708,
+    4709,
+    4710,
+    4711,
+    4712,
+    4713,
+    4714,
+    4715,
+    4716,
+    4717,
+    4718,
+    4719,
+    4720,
+    4721,
+    4722,
+    4723,
+    4724,
+    4725,
+    4726,
+    4727,
+    4728,
+    4729,
+    4730,
+    4731,
+    4732,
+    4733,
+    4734,
+    4735,
+    4736,
+    4737,
+    4738,
+    4739,
+    4740,
+    4741,
+    4742,
+    4743,
+    4744,
+    4745,
+    4746,
+    4747,
+    4748,
+    4749,
+    4750,
+    4751,
+    4752,
+    4753,
+    4754,
+    4755,
+    4756,
+    4757,
+    4758,
+    4759,
+    4760,
+    4761,
+    4762,
+    4763,
+    4764,
+    4765,
+    4801,
+    4802,
+    4803,
+    4804,
+    4805,
+    4806,
+    4807,
+    4808,
+    4809,
+    4810,
+    4811,
+    4813,
+    4814,
+    4815,
+    4816,
+    4817,
+    4818,
+    4819,
+    4820,
+    4821,
+    4823,
+    4824,
+    4901,
+    4902,
+    4903,
+    4904,
+    4979,
 ]
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/itunes.py b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/itunes.py
index a50a0ea8..952f37a9 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/itunes.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/itunes.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Support for the iTunes format
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -29,13 +29,12 @@
 from ..util import FeedParserDict
 
 
-class Namespace(object):
+class Namespace:
     supported_namespaces = {
         # Canonical namespace
-        'http://www.itunes.com/DTDs/PodCast-1.0.dtd': 'itunes',
-
+        "http://www.itunes.com/DTDs/PodCast-1.0.dtd": "itunes",
         # Extra namespace
-        'http://example.com/DTDs/PodCast-1.0.dtd': 'itunes',
+        "http://example.com/DTDs/PodCast-1.0.dtd": "itunes",
     }
 
     def _start_itunes_author(self, attrs_d):
@@ -73,37 +72,42 @@ class Namespace(object):
 
     def _start_itunes_owner(self, attrs_d):
         self.inpublisher = 1
-        self.push('publisher', 0)
+        self.push("publisher", 0)
 
     def _end_itunes_owner(self):
-        self.pop('publisher')
+        self.pop("publisher")
         self.inpublisher = 0
-        self._sync_author_detail('publisher')
+        self._sync_author_detail("publisher")
 
     def _end_itunes_keywords(self):
-        for term in self.pop('itunes_keywords').split(','):
+        for term in self.pop("itunes_keywords").split(","):
             if term.strip():
-                self._add_tag(term.strip(), 'http://www.itunes.com/', None)
+                self._add_tag(term.strip(), "http://www.itunes.com/", None)
 
     def _start_itunes_category(self, attrs_d):
-        self._add_tag(attrs_d.get('text'), 'http://www.itunes.com/', None)
-        self.push('category', 1)
+        self._add_tag(attrs_d.get("text"), "http://www.itunes.com/", None)
+        self.push("category", 1)
 
     def _start_itunes_image(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('itunes_image', 0)
-        if attrs_d.get('href'):
-            self._get_context()['image'] = FeedParserDict({'href': attrs_d.get('href')})
-        elif attrs_d.get('url'):
-            self._get_context()['image'] = FeedParserDict({'href': attrs_d.get('url')})
+        self.push("itunes_image", 0)
+        if attrs_d.get("href"):
+            self._get_context()["image"] = FeedParserDict({"href": attrs_d.get("href")})
+        elif attrs_d.get("url"):
+            self._get_context()["image"] = FeedParserDict({"href": attrs_d.get("url")})
+
     _start_itunes_link = _start_itunes_image
 
     def _end_itunes_block(self):
-        value = self.pop('itunes_block', 0)
-        self._get_context()['itunes_block'] = (value == 'yes' or value == 'Yes') and 1 or 0
+        value = self.pop("itunes_block", 0)
+        self._get_context()["itunes_block"] = (
+            (value == "yes" or value == "Yes") and 1 or 0
+        )
 
     def _end_itunes_explicit(self):
-        value = self.pop('itunes_explicit', 0)
+        value = self.pop("itunes_explicit", 0)
         # Convert 'yes' -> True, 'clean' to False, and any other value to None
         # False and None both evaluate as False, so the difference can be ignored
         # by applications that only need to know if the content is explicit.
-        self._get_context()['itunes_explicit'] = (None, False, True)[(value == 'yes' and 2) or value == 'clean' or 0]
+        self._get_context()["itunes_explicit"] = (None, False, True)[
+            (value == "yes" and 2) or value == "clean" or 0
+        ]
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/mediarss.py b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/mediarss.py
index 2298ad2f..5ec4b67b 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/mediarss.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/mediarss.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Support for the Media RSS format
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -29,24 +29,23 @@
 from ..util import FeedParserDict
 
 
-class Namespace(object):
+class Namespace:
     supported_namespaces = {
         # Canonical namespace
-        'http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/': 'media',
-
+        "http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/": "media",
         # Old namespace (no trailing slash)
-        'http://search.yahoo.com/mrss': 'media',
+        "http://search.yahoo.com/mrss": "media",
     }
 
     def _start_media_category(self, attrs_d):
-        attrs_d.setdefault('scheme', 'http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/category_schema')
+        attrs_d.setdefault("scheme", "http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/category_schema")
         self._start_category(attrs_d)
 
     def _end_media_category(self):
         self._end_category()
 
     def _end_media_keywords(self):
-        for term in self.pop('media_keywords').split(','):
+        for term in self.pop("media_keywords").split(","):
             if term.strip():
                 self._add_tag(term.strip(), None, None)
 
@@ -64,26 +63,26 @@ class Namespace(object):
 
     def _start_media_rating(self, attrs_d):
         context = self._get_context()
-        context.setdefault('media_rating', attrs_d)
-        self.push('rating', 1)
+        context.setdefault("media_rating", attrs_d)
+        self.push("rating", 1)
 
     def _end_media_rating(self):
-        rating = self.pop('rating')
+        rating = self.pop("rating")
         if rating is not None and rating.strip():
             context = self._get_context()
-            context['media_rating']['content'] = rating
+            context["media_rating"]["content"] = rating
 
     def _start_media_credit(self, attrs_d):
         context = self._get_context()
-        context.setdefault('media_credit', [])
-        context['media_credit'].append(attrs_d)
-        self.push('credit', 1)
+        context.setdefault("media_credit", [])
+        context["media_credit"].append(attrs_d)
+        self.push("credit", 1)
 
     def _end_media_credit(self):
-        credit = self.pop('credit')
+        credit = self.pop("credit")
         if credit is not None and credit.strip():
             context = self._get_context()
-            context['media_credit'][-1]['content'] = credit
+            context["media_credit"][-1]["content"] = credit
 
     def _start_media_description(self, attrs_d):
         self._start_description(attrs_d)
@@ -93,49 +92,51 @@ class Namespace(object):
 
     def _start_media_restriction(self, attrs_d):
         context = self._get_context()
-        context.setdefault('media_restriction', attrs_d)
-        self.push('restriction', 1)
+        context.setdefault("media_restriction", attrs_d)
+        self.push("restriction", 1)
 
     def _end_media_restriction(self):
-        restriction = self.pop('restriction')
+        restriction = self.pop("restriction")
         if restriction is not None and restriction.strip():
             context = self._get_context()
-            context['media_restriction']['content'] = [cc.strip().lower() for cc in restriction.split(' ')]
+            context["media_restriction"]["content"] = [
+                cc.strip().lower() for cc in restriction.split(" ")
+            ]
 
     def _start_media_license(self, attrs_d):
         context = self._get_context()
-        context.setdefault('media_license', attrs_d)
-        self.push('license', 1)
+        context.setdefault("media_license", attrs_d)
+        self.push("license", 1)
 
     def _end_media_license(self):
-        license_ = self.pop('license')
+        license_ = self.pop("license")
         if license_ is not None and license_.strip():
             context = self._get_context()
-            context['media_license']['content'] = license_
+            context["media_license"]["content"] = license_
 
     def _start_media_content(self, attrs_d):
         context = self._get_context()
-        context.setdefault('media_content', [])
-        context['media_content'].append(attrs_d)
+        context.setdefault("media_content", [])
+        context["media_content"].append(attrs_d)
 
     def _start_media_thumbnail(self, attrs_d):
         context = self._get_context()
-        context.setdefault('media_thumbnail', [])
-        self.push('url', 1) # new
-        context['media_thumbnail'].append(attrs_d)
+        context.setdefault("media_thumbnail", [])
+        self.push("url", 1)  # new
+        context["media_thumbnail"].append(attrs_d)
 
     def _end_media_thumbnail(self):
-        url = self.pop('url')
+        url = self.pop("url")
         context = self._get_context()
         if url is not None and url.strip():
-            if 'url' not in context['media_thumbnail'][-1]:
-                context['media_thumbnail'][-1]['url'] = url
+            if "url" not in context["media_thumbnail"][-1]:
+                context["media_thumbnail"][-1]["url"] = url
 
     def _start_media_player(self, attrs_d):
-        self.push('media_player', 0)
-        self._get_context()['media_player'] = FeedParserDict(attrs_d)
+        self.push("media_player", 0)
+        self._get_context()["media_player"] = FeedParserDict(attrs_d)
 
     def _end_media_player(self):
-        value = self.pop('media_player')
+        value = self.pop("media_player")
         context = self._get_context()
-        context['media_player']['content'] = value
+        context["media_player"]["content"] = value
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/psc.py b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/psc.py
index a440bd68..4a43d6df 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/namespaces/psc.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/namespaces/psc.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Support for the Podlove Simple Chapters format
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -32,36 +32,36 @@ import re
 from .. import util
 
 
-class Namespace(object):
+class Namespace:
     supported_namespaces = {
-        'http://podlove.org/simple-chapters': 'psc',
+        "http://podlove.org/simple-chapters": "psc",
     }
 
     def __init__(self):
         # chapters will only be captured while psc_chapters_flag is True.
         self.psc_chapters_flag = False
-        super(Namespace, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
 
     def _start_psc_chapters(self, attrs_d):
         context = self._get_context()
-        if 'psc_chapters' not in context:
+        if "psc_chapters" not in context:
             self.psc_chapters_flag = True
-            attrs_d['chapters'] = []
-            context['psc_chapters'] = util.FeedParserDict(attrs_d)
+            attrs_d["chapters"] = []
+            context["psc_chapters"] = util.FeedParserDict(attrs_d)
 
     def _end_psc_chapters(self):
         self.psc_chapters_flag = False
 
     def _start_psc_chapter(self, attrs_d):
         if self.psc_chapters_flag:
-            start = self._get_attribute(attrs_d, 'start')
-            attrs_d['start_parsed'] = _parse_psc_chapter_start(start)
+            start = self._get_attribute(attrs_d, "start")
+            attrs_d["start_parsed"] = _parse_psc_chapter_start(start)
 
-            context = self._get_context()['psc_chapters']
-            context['chapters'].append(util.FeedParserDict(attrs_d))
+            context = self._get_context()["psc_chapters"]
+            context["chapters"].append(util.FeedParserDict(attrs_d))
 
 
-format_ = re.compile(r'^((\d{2}):)?(\d{2}):(\d{2})(\.(\d{3}))?$')
+format_ = re.compile(r"^((\d{2}):)?(\d{2}):(\d{2})(\.(\d{3}))?$")
 
 
 def _parse_psc_chapter_start(start):
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ def _parse_psc_chapter_start(start):
 
     _, h, m, s, _, ms = m.groups()
     h, m, s, ms = (int(h or 0), int(m), int(s), int(ms or 0))
-    return datetime.timedelta(0, h*60*60 + m*60 + s, ms*1000)
+    return datetime.timedelta(0, h * 60 * 60 + m * 60 + s, ms * 1000)
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/parsers/json.py b/lib/feedparser/parsers/json.py
index ae43163c..36f714a5 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/parsers/json.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/parsers/json.py
@@ -34,37 +34,37 @@ from ..util import FeedParserDict
 
 class JSONParser:
     VERSIONS = {
-        'https://jsonfeed.org/version/1': 'json1',
-        'https://jsonfeed.org/version/1.1': 'json11',
+        "https://jsonfeed.org/version/1": "json1",
+        "https://jsonfeed.org/version/1.1": "json11",
     }
     FEED_FIELDS = (
-        ('title', 'title'),
-        ('icon', 'image'),
-        ('home_page_url', 'link'),
-        ('description', 'description'),
+        ("title", "title"),
+        ("icon", "image"),
+        ("home_page_url", "link"),
+        ("description", "description"),
     )
     ITEM_FIELDS = (
-        ('title', 'title'),
-        ('id', 'guid'),
-        ('url', 'link'),
-        ('summary', 'summary'),
-        ('external_url', 'source'),
+        ("title", "title"),
+        ("id", "guid"),
+        ("url", "link"),
+        ("summary", "summary"),
+        ("external_url", "source"),
     )
 
     def __init__(self, baseuri=None, baselang=None, encoding=None):
-        self.baseuri = baseuri or ''
+        self.baseuri = baseuri or ""
         self.lang = baselang or None
-        self.encoding = encoding or 'utf-8'  # character encoding
+        self.encoding = encoding or "utf-8"  # character encoding
 
         self.version = None
         self.feeddata = FeedParserDict()
         self.namespacesInUse = []
         self.entries = []
 
-    def feed(self, data):
-        data = json.loads(data)
+    def feed(self, file):
+        data = json.load(file)
 
-        v = data.get('version', '')
+        v = data.get("version", "")
         try:
             self.version = self.VERSIONS[v]
         except KeyError:
@@ -73,11 +73,11 @@ class JSONParser:
         for src, dst in self.FEED_FIELDS:
             if src in data:
                 self.feeddata[dst] = data[src]
-        if 'author' in data:
-            self.parse_author(data['author'], self.feeddata)
+        if "author" in data:
+            self.parse_author(data["author"], self.feeddata)
         # TODO: hubs; expired has no RSS equivalent
 
-        self.entries = [self.parse_entry(e) for e in data['items']]
+        self.entries = [self.parse_entry(e) for e in data["items"]]
 
     def parse_entry(self, e):
         entry = FeedParserDict()
@@ -85,49 +85,51 @@ class JSONParser:
             if src in e:
                 entry[dst] = e[src]
 
-        if 'content_text' in e:
-            entry['content'] = c = FeedParserDict()
-            c['value'] = e['content_text']
-            c['type'] = 'text'
-        elif 'content_html' in e:
-            entry['content'] = c = FeedParserDict()
-            c['value'] = sanitize_html(e['content_html'], self.encoding, 'application/json')
-            c['type'] = 'html'
+        if "content_text" in e:
+            entry["content"] = c = FeedParserDict()
+            c["value"] = e["content_text"]
+            c["type"] = "text"
+        elif "content_html" in e:
+            entry["content"] = c = FeedParserDict()
+            c["value"] = sanitize_html(
+                e["content_html"], self.encoding, "application/json"
+            )
+            c["type"] = "html"
 
-        if 'date_published' in e:
-            entry['published'] = e['date_published']
-            entry['published_parsed'] = _parse_date(e['date_published'])
-        if 'date_updated' in e:
-            entry['updated'] = e['date_modified']
-            entry['updated_parsed'] = _parse_date(e['date_modified'])
+        if "date_published" in e:
+            entry["published"] = e["date_published"]
+            entry["published_parsed"] = _parse_date(e["date_published"])
+        if "date_updated" in e:
+            entry["updated"] = e["date_modified"]
+            entry["updated_parsed"] = _parse_date(e["date_modified"])
 
-        if 'tags' in e:
-            entry['category'] = e['tags']
+        if "tags" in e:
+            entry["category"] = e["tags"]
 
-        if 'author' in e:
-            self.parse_author(e['author'], entry)
+        if "author" in e:
+            self.parse_author(e["author"], entry)
 
-        if 'attachments' in e:
-            entry['enclosures'] = [self.parse_attachment(a) for a in e['attachments']]
+        if "attachments" in e:
+            entry["enclosures"] = [self.parse_attachment(a) for a in e["attachments"]]
 
         return entry
 
     @staticmethod
     def parse_author(parent, dest):
-        dest['author_detail'] = detail = FeedParserDict()
-        if 'name' in parent:
-            dest['author'] = detail['name'] = parent['name']
-        if 'url' in parent:
-            if parent['url'].startswith('mailto:'):
-                detail['email'] = parent['url'][7:]
+        dest["author_detail"] = detail = FeedParserDict()
+        if "name" in parent:
+            dest["author"] = detail["name"] = parent["name"]
+        if "url" in parent:
+            if parent["url"].startswith("mailto:"):
+                detail["email"] = parent["url"][7:]
             else:
-                detail['href'] = parent['url']
+                detail["href"] = parent["url"]
 
     @staticmethod
     def parse_attachment(attachment):
         enc = FeedParserDict()
-        enc['href'] = attachment['url']
-        enc['type'] = attachment['mime_type']
-        if 'size_in_bytes' in attachment:
-            enc['length'] = attachment['size_in_bytes']
+        enc["href"] = attachment["url"]
+        enc["type"] = attachment["mime_type"]
+        if "size_in_bytes" in attachment:
+            enc["length"] = attachment["size_in_bytes"]
         return enc
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/parsers/loose.py b/lib/feedparser/parsers/loose.py
index 3f22bfb4..57285077 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/parsers/loose.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/parsers/loose.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # The loose feed parser that interfaces with an SGML parsing library
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -26,52 +26,50 @@
 # ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 # POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
+
 class LooseXMLParser:
     contentparams = None
 
     def __init__(self, baseuri=None, baselang=None, encoding=None, entities=None):
-        self.baseuri = baseuri or ''
+        self.baseuri = baseuri or ""
         self.lang = baselang or None
-        self.encoding = encoding or 'utf-8'  # character encoding
+        self.encoding = encoding or "utf-8"  # character encoding
         self.entities = entities or {}
         super().__init__()
 
     @staticmethod
     def _normalize_attributes(kv):
         k = kv[0].lower()
-        v = k in ('rel', 'type') and kv[1].lower() or kv[1]
+        v = k in ("rel", "type") and kv[1].lower() or kv[1]
         # the sgml parser doesn't handle entities in attributes, nor
         # does it pass the attribute values through as unicode, while
         # strict xml parsers do -- account for this difference
-        v = v.replace('&', '&')
+        v = v.replace("&", "&")
         return k, v
 
     def decode_entities(self, element, data):
-        data = data.replace('<', '<')
-        data = data.replace('<', '<')
-        data = data.replace('<', '<')
-        data = data.replace('>', '>')
-        data = data.replace('>', '>')
-        data = data.replace('>', '>')
-        data = data.replace('&', '&')
-        data = data.replace('&', '&')
-        data = data.replace('"', '"')
-        data = data.replace('"', '"')
-        data = data.replace(''', ''')
-        data = data.replace(''', ''')
-        if not self.contentparams.get('type', 'xml').endswith('xml'):
-            data = data.replace('<', '<')
-            data = data.replace('>', '>')
-            data = data.replace('&', '&')
-            data = data.replace('"', '"')
-            data = data.replace(''', "'")
-            data = data.replace('/', '/')
-            data = data.replace('/', '/')
+        data = data.replace("<", "<")
+        data = data.replace("<", "<")
+        data = data.replace("<", "<")
+        data = data.replace(">", ">")
+        data = data.replace(">", ">")
+        data = data.replace(">", ">")
+        data = data.replace("&", "&")
+        data = data.replace("&", "&")
+        data = data.replace(""", """)
+        data = data.replace(""", """)
+        data = data.replace("'", "'")
+        data = data.replace("'", "'")
+        if not self.contentparams.get("type", "xml").endswith("xml"):
+            data = data.replace("<", "<")
+            data = data.replace(">", ">")
+            data = data.replace("&", "&")
+            data = data.replace(""", '"')
+            data = data.replace("'", "'")
+            data = data.replace("/", "/")
+            data = data.replace("/", "/")
         return data
 
     @staticmethod
     def strattrs(attrs):
-        return ''.join(
-            ' %s="%s"' % (n, v.replace('"', '"'))
-            for n, v in attrs
-        )
+        return "".join(' {}="{}"'.format(n, v.replace('"', """)) for n, v in attrs)
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/parsers/strict.py b/lib/feedparser/parsers/strict.py
index 7b0386e5..4f701985 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/parsers/strict.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/parsers/strict.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # The strict feed parser that interfaces with an XML parsing library
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -34,15 +34,15 @@ class StrictXMLParser:
         self.bozo = 0
         self.exc = None
         self.decls = {}
-        self.baseuri = baseuri or ''
+        self.baseuri = baseuri or ""
         self.lang = baselang
         self.encoding = encoding
-        super(StrictXMLParser, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
 
     @staticmethod
     def _normalize_attributes(kv):
         k = kv[0].lower()
-        v = k in ('rel', 'type') and kv[1].lower() or kv[1]
+        v = k in ("rel", "type") and kv[1].lower() or kv[1]
         return k, v
 
     def startPrefixMapping(self, prefix, uri):
@@ -51,23 +51,29 @@ class StrictXMLParser:
         # Jython uses '' instead of None; standardize on None
         prefix = prefix or None
         self.track_namespace(prefix, uri)
-        if prefix and uri == 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink':
-            self.decls['xmlns:' + prefix] = uri
+        if prefix and uri == "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink":
+            self.decls["xmlns:" + prefix] = uri
 
     def startElementNS(self, name, qname, attrs):
         namespace, localname = name
-        lowernamespace = str(namespace or '').lower()
-        if lowernamespace.find('backend.userland.com/rss') != -1:
+        lowernamespace = str(namespace or "").lower()
+        if lowernamespace.find("backend.userland.com/rss") != -1:
             # match any backend.userland.com namespace
-            namespace = 'http://backend.userland.com/rss'
+            namespace = "http://backend.userland.com/rss"
             lowernamespace = namespace
-        if qname and qname.find(':') > 0:
-            givenprefix = qname.split(':')[0]
+        if qname and qname.find(":") > 0:
+            givenprefix = qname.split(":")[0]
         else:
             givenprefix = None
         prefix = self._matchnamespaces.get(lowernamespace, givenprefix)
-        if givenprefix and (prefix is None or (prefix == '' and lowernamespace == '')) and givenprefix not in self.namespaces_in_use:
-            raise UndeclaredNamespace("'%s' is not associated with a namespace" % givenprefix)
+        if (
+            givenprefix
+            and (prefix is None or (prefix == "" and lowernamespace == ""))
+            and givenprefix not in self.namespaces_in_use
+        ):
+            raise UndeclaredNamespace(
+                "'%s' is not associated with a namespace" % givenprefix
+            )
         localname = str(localname).lower()
 
         # qname implementation is horribly broken in Python 2.1 (it
@@ -78,24 +84,24 @@ class StrictXMLParser:
         # at all).  Thanks to MatejC for helping me test this and
         # tirelessly telling me that it didn't work yet.
         attrsD, self.decls = self.decls, {}
-        if localname == 'math' and namespace == 'http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML':
-            attrsD['xmlns'] = namespace
-        if localname == 'svg' and namespace == 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg':
-            attrsD['xmlns'] = namespace
+        if localname == "math" and namespace == "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML":
+            attrsD["xmlns"] = namespace
+        if localname == "svg" and namespace == "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg":
+            attrsD["xmlns"] = namespace
 
         if prefix:
-            localname = prefix.lower() + ':' + localname
+            localname = prefix.lower() + ":" + localname
         elif namespace and not qname:  # Expat
             for name, value in self.namespaces_in_use.items():
                 if name and value == namespace:
-                    localname = name + ':' + localname
+                    localname = name + ":" + localname
                     break
 
         for (namespace, attrlocalname), attrvalue in attrs.items():
-            lowernamespace = (namespace or '').lower()
-            prefix = self._matchnamespaces.get(lowernamespace, '')
+            lowernamespace = (namespace or "").lower()
+            prefix = self._matchnamespaces.get(lowernamespace, "")
             if prefix:
-                attrlocalname = prefix + ':' + attrlocalname
+                attrlocalname = prefix + ":" + attrlocalname
             attrsD[str(attrlocalname).lower()] = attrvalue
         for qname in attrs.getQNames():
             attrsD[str(qname).lower()] = attrs.getValueByQName(qname)
@@ -107,18 +113,18 @@ class StrictXMLParser:
 
     def endElementNS(self, name, qname):
         namespace, localname = name
-        lowernamespace = str(namespace or '').lower()
-        if qname and qname.find(':') > 0:
-            givenprefix = qname.split(':')[0]
+        lowernamespace = str(namespace or "").lower()
+        if qname and qname.find(":") > 0:
+            givenprefix = qname.split(":")[0]
         else:
-            givenprefix = ''
+            givenprefix = ""
         prefix = self._matchnamespaces.get(lowernamespace, givenprefix)
         if prefix:
-            localname = prefix + ':' + localname
+            localname = prefix + ":" + localname
         elif namespace and not qname:  # Expat
             for name, value in self.namespaces_in_use.items():
                 if name and value == namespace:
-                    localname = name + ':' + localname
+                    localname = name + ":" + localname
                     break
         localname = str(localname).lower()
         self.unknown_endtag(localname)
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/py.typed b/lib/feedparser/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e69de29b
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/sanitizer.py b/lib/feedparser/sanitizer.py
index 5b729830..76be5700 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/sanitizer.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/sanitizer.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 # ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 # POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import re
 
 from .html import BaseHTMLProcessor
@@ -33,705 +35,705 @@ from .urls import make_safe_absolute_uri
 
 class HTMLSanitizer(BaseHTMLProcessor):
     acceptable_elements = {
-        'a',
-        'abbr',
-        'acronym',
-        'address',
-        'area',
-        'article',
-        'aside',
-        'audio',
-        'b',
-        'big',
-        'blockquote',
-        'br',
-        'button',
-        'canvas',
-        'caption',
-        'center',
-        'cite',
-        'code',
-        'col',
-        'colgroup',
-        'command',
-        'datagrid',
-        'datalist',
-        'dd',
-        'del',
-        'details',
-        'dfn',
-        'dialog',
-        'dir',
-        'div',
-        'dl',
-        'dt',
-        'em',
-        'event-source',
-        'fieldset',
-        'figcaption',
-        'figure',
-        'font',
-        'footer',
-        'form',
-        'h1',
-        'h2',
-        'h3',
-        'h4',
-        'h5',
-        'h6',
-        'header',
-        'hr',
-        'i',
-        'img',
-        'input',
-        'ins',
-        'kbd',
-        'keygen',
-        'label',
-        'legend',
-        'li',
-        'm',
-        'map',
-        'menu',
-        'meter',
-        'multicol',
-        'nav',
-        'nextid',
-        'noscript',
-        'ol',
-        'optgroup',
-        'option',
-        'output',
-        'p',
-        'pre',
-        'progress',
-        'q',
-        's',
-        'samp',
-        'section',
-        'select',
-        'small',
-        'sound',
-        'source',
-        'spacer',
-        'span',
-        'strike',
-        'strong',
-        'sub',
-        'sup',
-        'table',
-        'tbody',
-        'td',
-        'textarea',
-        'tfoot',
-        'th',
-        'thead',
-        'time',
-        'tr',
-        'tt',
-        'u',
-        'ul',
-        'var',
-        'video',
+        "a",
+        "abbr",
+        "acronym",
+        "address",
+        "area",
+        "article",
+        "aside",
+        "audio",
+        "b",
+        "big",
+        "blockquote",
+        "br",
+        "button",
+        "canvas",
+        "caption",
+        "center",
+        "cite",
+        "code",
+        "col",
+        "colgroup",
+        "command",
+        "datagrid",
+        "datalist",
+        "dd",
+        "del",
+        "details",
+        "dfn",
+        "dialog",
+        "dir",
+        "div",
+        "dl",
+        "dt",
+        "em",
+        "event-source",
+        "fieldset",
+        "figcaption",
+        "figure",
+        "font",
+        "footer",
+        "form",
+        "h1",
+        "h2",
+        "h3",
+        "h4",
+        "h5",
+        "h6",
+        "header",
+        "hr",
+        "i",
+        "img",
+        "input",
+        "ins",
+        "kbd",
+        "keygen",
+        "label",
+        "legend",
+        "li",
+        "m",
+        "map",
+        "menu",
+        "meter",
+        "multicol",
+        "nav",
+        "nextid",
+        "noscript",
+        "ol",
+        "optgroup",
+        "option",
+        "output",
+        "p",
+        "pre",
+        "progress",
+        "q",
+        "s",
+        "samp",
+        "section",
+        "select",
+        "small",
+        "sound",
+        "source",
+        "spacer",
+        "span",
+        "strike",
+        "strong",
+        "sub",
+        "sup",
+        "table",
+        "tbody",
+        "td",
+        "textarea",
+        "tfoot",
+        "th",
+        "thead",
+        "time",
+        "tr",
+        "tt",
+        "u",
+        "ul",
+        "var",
+        "video",
     }
 
     acceptable_attributes = {
-        'abbr',
-        'accept',
-        'accept-charset',
-        'accesskey',
-        'action',
-        'align',
-        'alt',
-        'autocomplete',
-        'autofocus',
-        'axis',
-        'background',
-        'balance',
-        'bgcolor',
-        'bgproperties',
-        'border',
-        'bordercolor',
-        'bordercolordark',
-        'bordercolorlight',
-        'bottompadding',
-        'cellpadding',
-        'cellspacing',
-        'ch',
-        'challenge',
-        'char',
-        'charoff',
-        'charset',
-        'checked',
-        'choff',
-        'cite',
-        'class',
-        'clear',
-        'color',
-        'cols',
-        'colspan',
-        'compact',
-        'contenteditable',
-        'controls',
-        'coords',
-        'data',
-        'datafld',
-        'datapagesize',
-        'datasrc',
-        'datetime',
-        'default',
-        'delay',
-        'dir',
-        'disabled',
-        'draggable',
-        'dynsrc',
-        'enctype',
-        'end',
-        'face',
-        'for',
-        'form',
-        'frame',
-        'galleryimg',
-        'gutter',
-        'headers',
-        'height',
-        'hidden',
-        'hidefocus',
-        'high',
-        'href',
-        'hreflang',
-        'hspace',
-        'icon',
-        'id',
-        'inputmode',
-        'ismap',
-        'keytype',
-        'label',
-        'lang',
-        'leftspacing',
-        'list',
-        'longdesc',
-        'loop',
-        'loopcount',
-        'loopend',
-        'loopstart',
-        'low',
-        'lowsrc',
-        'max',
-        'maxlength',
-        'media',
-        'method',
-        'min',
-        'multiple',
-        'name',
-        'nohref',
-        'noshade',
-        'nowrap',
-        'open',
-        'optimum',
-        'pattern',
-        'ping',
-        'point-size',
-        'poster',
-        'pqg',
-        'preload',
-        'prompt',
-        'radiogroup',
-        'readonly',
-        'rel',
-        'repeat-max',
-        'repeat-min',
-        'replace',
-        'required',
-        'rev',
-        'rightspacing',
-        'rows',
-        'rowspan',
-        'rules',
-        'scope',
-        'selected',
-        'shape',
-        'size',
-        'span',
-        'src',
-        'start',
-        'step',
-        'style',
-        'summary',
-        'suppress',
-        'tabindex',
-        'target',
-        'template',
-        'title',
-        'toppadding',
-        'type',
-        'unselectable',
-        'urn',
-        'usemap',
-        'valign',
-        'value',
-        'variable',
-        'volume',
-        'vrml',
-        'vspace',
-        'width',
-        'wrap',
-        'xml:lang',
+        "abbr",
+        "accept",
+        "accept-charset",
+        "accesskey",
+        "action",
+        "align",
+        "alt",
+        "autocomplete",
+        "autofocus",
+        "axis",
+        "background",
+        "balance",
+        "bgcolor",
+        "bgproperties",
+        "border",
+        "bordercolor",
+        "bordercolordark",
+        "bordercolorlight",
+        "bottompadding",
+        "cellpadding",
+        "cellspacing",
+        "ch",
+        "challenge",
+        "char",
+        "charoff",
+        "charset",
+        "checked",
+        "choff",
+        "cite",
+        "class",
+        "clear",
+        "color",
+        "cols",
+        "colspan",
+        "compact",
+        "contenteditable",
+        "controls",
+        "coords",
+        "data",
+        "datafld",
+        "datapagesize",
+        "datasrc",
+        "datetime",
+        "default",
+        "delay",
+        "dir",
+        "disabled",
+        "draggable",
+        "dynsrc",
+        "enctype",
+        "end",
+        "face",
+        "for",
+        "form",
+        "frame",
+        "galleryimg",
+        "gutter",
+        "headers",
+        "height",
+        "hidden",
+        "hidefocus",
+        "high",
+        "href",
+        "hreflang",
+        "hspace",
+        "icon",
+        "id",
+        "inputmode",
+        "ismap",
+        "keytype",
+        "label",
+        "lang",
+        "leftspacing",
+        "list",
+        "longdesc",
+        "loop",
+        "loopcount",
+        "loopend",
+        "loopstart",
+        "low",
+        "lowsrc",
+        "max",
+        "maxlength",
+        "media",
+        "method",
+        "min",
+        "multiple",
+        "name",
+        "nohref",
+        "noshade",
+        "nowrap",
+        "open",
+        "optimum",
+        "pattern",
+        "ping",
+        "point-size",
+        "poster",
+        "pqg",
+        "preload",
+        "prompt",
+        "radiogroup",
+        "readonly",
+        "rel",
+        "repeat-max",
+        "repeat-min",
+        "replace",
+        "required",
+        "rev",
+        "rightspacing",
+        "rows",
+        "rowspan",
+        "rules",
+        "scope",
+        "selected",
+        "shape",
+        "size",
+        "span",
+        "src",
+        "start",
+        "step",
+        "style",
+        "summary",
+        "suppress",
+        "tabindex",
+        "target",
+        "template",
+        "title",
+        "toppadding",
+        "type",
+        "unselectable",
+        "urn",
+        "usemap",
+        "valign",
+        "value",
+        "variable",
+        "volume",
+        "vrml",
+        "vspace",
+        "width",
+        "wrap",
+        "xml:lang",
     }
 
     unacceptable_elements_with_end_tag = {
-        'applet',
-        'script',
-        'style',
+        "applet",
+        "script",
+        "style",
     }
 
     acceptable_css_properties = {
-        'azimuth',
-        'background-color',
-        'border-bottom-color',
-        'border-collapse',
-        'border-color',
-        'border-left-color',
-        'border-right-color',
-        'border-top-color',
-        'clear',
-        'color',
-        'cursor',
-        'direction',
-        'display',
-        'elevation',
-        'float',
-        'font',
-        'font-family',
-        'font-size',
-        'font-style',
-        'font-variant',
-        'font-weight',
-        'height',
-        'letter-spacing',
-        'line-height',
-        'overflow',
-        'pause',
-        'pause-after',
-        'pause-before',
-        'pitch',
-        'pitch-range',
-        'richness',
-        'speak',
-        'speak-header',
-        'speak-numeral',
-        'speak-punctuation',
-        'speech-rate',
-        'stress',
-        'text-align',
-        'text-decoration',
-        'text-indent',
-        'unicode-bidi',
-        'vertical-align',
-        'voice-family',
-        'volume',
-        'white-space',
-        'width',
+        "azimuth",
+        "background-color",
+        "border-bottom-color",
+        "border-collapse",
+        "border-color",
+        "border-left-color",
+        "border-right-color",
+        "border-top-color",
+        "clear",
+        "color",
+        "cursor",
+        "direction",
+        "display",
+        "elevation",
+        "float",
+        "font",
+        "font-family",
+        "font-size",
+        "font-style",
+        "font-variant",
+        "font-weight",
+        "height",
+        "letter-spacing",
+        "line-height",
+        "overflow",
+        "pause",
+        "pause-after",
+        "pause-before",
+        "pitch",
+        "pitch-range",
+        "richness",
+        "speak",
+        "speak-header",
+        "speak-numeral",
+        "speak-punctuation",
+        "speech-rate",
+        "stress",
+        "text-align",
+        "text-decoration",
+        "text-indent",
+        "unicode-bidi",
+        "vertical-align",
+        "voice-family",
+        "volume",
+        "white-space",
+        "width",
     }
 
     # survey of common keywords found in feeds
     acceptable_css_keywords = {
-        '!important',
-        'aqua',
-        'auto',
-        'black',
-        'block',
-        'blue',
-        'bold',
-        'both',
-        'bottom',
-        'brown',
-        'center',
-        'collapse',
-        'dashed',
-        'dotted',
-        'fuchsia',
-        'gray',
-        'green',
-        'italic',
-        'left',
-        'lime',
-        'maroon',
-        'medium',
-        'navy',
-        'none',
-        'normal',
-        'nowrap',
-        'olive',
-        'pointer',
-        'purple',
-        'red',
-        'right',
-        'silver',
-        'solid',
-        'teal',
-        'top',
-        'transparent',
-        'underline',
-        'white',
-        'yellow',
+        "!important",
+        "aqua",
+        "auto",
+        "black",
+        "block",
+        "blue",
+        "bold",
+        "both",
+        "bottom",
+        "brown",
+        "center",
+        "collapse",
+        "dashed",
+        "dotted",
+        "fuchsia",
+        "gray",
+        "green",
+        "italic",
+        "left",
+        "lime",
+        "maroon",
+        "medium",
+        "navy",
+        "none",
+        "normal",
+        "nowrap",
+        "olive",
+        "pointer",
+        "purple",
+        "red",
+        "right",
+        "silver",
+        "solid",
+        "teal",
+        "top",
+        "transparent",
+        "underline",
+        "white",
+        "yellow",
     }
 
     valid_css_values = re.compile(
-        r'^('
-        r'#[0-9a-f]+'  # Hex values
-        r'|rgb\(\d+%?,\d*%?,?\d*%?\)?'  # RGB values
-        r'|\d{0,2}\.?\d{0,2}(cm|em|ex|in|mm|pc|pt|px|%|,|\))?'  # Sizes/widths
-        r')$'
+        r"^("
+        r"#[0-9a-f]+"  # Hex values
+        r"|rgb\(\d+%?,\d*%?,?\d*%?\)?"  # RGB values
+        r"|\d{0,2}\.?\d{0,2}(cm|em|ex|in|mm|pc|pt|px|%|,|\))?"  # Sizes/widths
+        r")$"
     )
 
     mathml_elements = {
-        'annotation',
-        'annotation-xml',
-        'maction',
-        'maligngroup',
-        'malignmark',
-        'math',
-        'menclose',
-        'merror',
-        'mfenced',
-        'mfrac',
-        'mglyph',
-        'mi',
-        'mlabeledtr',
-        'mlongdiv',
-        'mmultiscripts',
-        'mn',
-        'mo',
-        'mover',
-        'mpadded',
-        'mphantom',
-        'mprescripts',
-        'mroot',
-        'mrow',
-        'ms',
-        'mscarries',
-        'mscarry',
-        'msgroup',
-        'msline',
-        'mspace',
-        'msqrt',
-        'msrow',
-        'mstack',
-        'mstyle',
-        'msub',
-        'msubsup',
-        'msup',
-        'mtable',
-        'mtd',
-        'mtext',
-        'mtr',
-        'munder',
-        'munderover',
-        'none',
-        'semantics',
+        "annotation",
+        "annotation-xml",
+        "maction",
+        "maligngroup",
+        "malignmark",
+        "math",
+        "menclose",
+        "merror",
+        "mfenced",
+        "mfrac",
+        "mglyph",
+        "mi",
+        "mlabeledtr",
+        "mlongdiv",
+        "mmultiscripts",
+        "mn",
+        "mo",
+        "mover",
+        "mpadded",
+        "mphantom",
+        "mprescripts",
+        "mroot",
+        "mrow",
+        "ms",
+        "mscarries",
+        "mscarry",
+        "msgroup",
+        "msline",
+        "mspace",
+        "msqrt",
+        "msrow",
+        "mstack",
+        "mstyle",
+        "msub",
+        "msubsup",
+        "msup",
+        "mtable",
+        "mtd",
+        "mtext",
+        "mtr",
+        "munder",
+        "munderover",
+        "none",
+        "semantics",
     }
 
     mathml_attributes = {
-        'accent',
-        'accentunder',
-        'actiontype',
-        'align',
-        'alignmentscope',
-        'altimg',
-        'altimg-height',
-        'altimg-valign',
-        'altimg-width',
-        'alttext',
-        'bevelled',
-        'charalign',
-        'close',
-        'columnalign',
-        'columnlines',
-        'columnspacing',
-        'columnspan',
-        'columnwidth',
-        'crossout',
-        'decimalpoint',
-        'denomalign',
-        'depth',
-        'dir',
-        'display',
-        'displaystyle',
-        'edge',
-        'encoding',
-        'equalcolumns',
-        'equalrows',
-        'fence',
-        'fontstyle',
-        'fontweight',
-        'form',
-        'frame',
-        'framespacing',
-        'groupalign',
-        'height',
-        'href',
-        'id',
-        'indentalign',
-        'indentalignfirst',
-        'indentalignlast',
-        'indentshift',
-        'indentshiftfirst',
-        'indentshiftlast',
-        'indenttarget',
-        'infixlinebreakstyle',
-        'largeop',
-        'length',
-        'linebreak',
-        'linebreakmultchar',
-        'linebreakstyle',
-        'lineleading',
-        'linethickness',
-        'location',
-        'longdivstyle',
-        'lquote',
-        'lspace',
-        'mathbackground',
-        'mathcolor',
-        'mathsize',
-        'mathvariant',
-        'maxsize',
-        'minlabelspacing',
-        'minsize',
-        'movablelimits',
-        'notation',
-        'numalign',
-        'open',
-        'other',
-        'overflow',
-        'position',
-        'rowalign',
-        'rowlines',
-        'rowspacing',
-        'rowspan',
-        'rquote',
-        'rspace',
-        'scriptlevel',
-        'scriptminsize',
-        'scriptsizemultiplier',
-        'selection',
-        'separator',
-        'separators',
-        'shift',
-        'side',
-        'src',
-        'stackalign',
-        'stretchy',
-        'subscriptshift',
-        'superscriptshift',
-        'symmetric',
-        'voffset',
-        'width',
-        'xlink:href',
-        'xlink:show',
-        'xlink:type',
-        'xmlns',
-        'xmlns:xlink',
+        "accent",
+        "accentunder",
+        "actiontype",
+        "align",
+        "alignmentscope",
+        "altimg",
+        "altimg-height",
+        "altimg-valign",
+        "altimg-width",
+        "alttext",
+        "bevelled",
+        "charalign",
+        "close",
+        "columnalign",
+        "columnlines",
+        "columnspacing",
+        "columnspan",
+        "columnwidth",
+        "crossout",
+        "decimalpoint",
+        "denomalign",
+        "depth",
+        "dir",
+        "display",
+        "displaystyle",
+        "edge",
+        "encoding",
+        "equalcolumns",
+        "equalrows",
+        "fence",
+        "fontstyle",
+        "fontweight",
+        "form",
+        "frame",
+        "framespacing",
+        "groupalign",
+        "height",
+        "href",
+        "id",
+        "indentalign",
+        "indentalignfirst",
+        "indentalignlast",
+        "indentshift",
+        "indentshiftfirst",
+        "indentshiftlast",
+        "indenttarget",
+        "infixlinebreakstyle",
+        "largeop",
+        "length",
+        "linebreak",
+        "linebreakmultchar",
+        "linebreakstyle",
+        "lineleading",
+        "linethickness",
+        "location",
+        "longdivstyle",
+        "lquote",
+        "lspace",
+        "mathbackground",
+        "mathcolor",
+        "mathsize",
+        "mathvariant",
+        "maxsize",
+        "minlabelspacing",
+        "minsize",
+        "movablelimits",
+        "notation",
+        "numalign",
+        "open",
+        "other",
+        "overflow",
+        "position",
+        "rowalign",
+        "rowlines",
+        "rowspacing",
+        "rowspan",
+        "rquote",
+        "rspace",
+        "scriptlevel",
+        "scriptminsize",
+        "scriptsizemultiplier",
+        "selection",
+        "separator",
+        "separators",
+        "shift",
+        "side",
+        "src",
+        "stackalign",
+        "stretchy",
+        "subscriptshift",
+        "superscriptshift",
+        "symmetric",
+        "voffset",
+        "width",
+        "xlink:href",
+        "xlink:show",
+        "xlink:type",
+        "xmlns",
+        "xmlns:xlink",
     }
 
     # svgtiny - foreignObject + linearGradient + radialGradient + stop
     svg_elements = {
-        'a',
-        'animate',
-        'animateColor',
-        'animateMotion',
-        'animateTransform',
-        'circle',
-        'defs',
-        'desc',
-        'ellipse',
-        'font-face',
-        'font-face-name',
-        'font-face-src',
-        'foreignObject',
-        'g',
-        'glyph',
-        'hkern',
-        'line',
-        'linearGradient',
-        'marker',
-        'metadata',
-        'missing-glyph',
-        'mpath',
-        'path',
-        'polygon',
-        'polyline',
-        'radialGradient',
-        'rect',
-        'set',
-        'stop',
-        'svg',
-        'switch',
-        'text',
-        'title',
-        'tspan',
-        'use',
+        "a",
+        "animate",
+        "animateColor",
+        "animateMotion",
+        "animateTransform",
+        "circle",
+        "defs",
+        "desc",
+        "ellipse",
+        "font-face",
+        "font-face-name",
+        "font-face-src",
+        "foreignObject",
+        "g",
+        "glyph",
+        "hkern",
+        "line",
+        "linearGradient",
+        "marker",
+        "metadata",
+        "missing-glyph",
+        "mpath",
+        "path",
+        "polygon",
+        "polyline",
+        "radialGradient",
+        "rect",
+        "set",
+        "stop",
+        "svg",
+        "switch",
+        "text",
+        "title",
+        "tspan",
+        "use",
     }
 
     # svgtiny + class + opacity + offset + xmlns + xmlns:xlink
     svg_attributes = {
-        'accent-height',
-        'accumulate',
-        'additive',
-        'alphabetic',
-        'arabic-form',
-        'ascent',
-        'attributeName',
-        'attributeType',
-        'baseProfile',
-        'bbox',
-        'begin',
-        'by',
-        'calcMode',
-        'cap-height',
-        'class',
-        'color',
-        'color-rendering',
-        'content',
-        'cx',
-        'cy',
-        'd',
-        'descent',
-        'display',
-        'dur',
-        'dx',
-        'dy',
-        'end',
-        'fill',
-        'fill-opacity',
-        'fill-rule',
-        'font-family',
-        'font-size',
-        'font-stretch',
-        'font-style',
-        'font-variant',
-        'font-weight',
-        'from',
-        'fx',
-        'fy',
-        'g1',
-        'g2',
-        'glyph-name',
-        'gradientUnits',
-        'hanging',
-        'height',
-        'horiz-adv-x',
-        'horiz-origin-x',
-        'id',
-        'ideographic',
-        'k',
-        'keyPoints',
-        'keySplines',
-        'keyTimes',
-        'lang',
-        'marker-end',
-        'marker-mid',
-        'marker-start',
-        'markerHeight',
-        'markerUnits',
-        'markerWidth',
-        'mathematical',
-        'max',
-        'min',
-        'name',
-        'offset',
-        'opacity',
-        'orient',
-        'origin',
-        'overline-position',
-        'overline-thickness',
-        'panose-1',
-        'path',
-        'pathLength',
-        'points',
-        'preserveAspectRatio',
-        'r',
-        'refX',
-        'refY',
-        'repeatCount',
-        'repeatDur',
-        'requiredExtensions',
-        'requiredFeatures',
-        'restart',
-        'rotate',
-        'rx',
-        'ry',
-        'slope',
-        'stemh',
-        'stemv',
-        'stop-color',
-        'stop-opacity',
-        'strikethrough-position',
-        'strikethrough-thickness',
-        'stroke',
-        'stroke-dasharray',
-        'stroke-dashoffset',
-        'stroke-linecap',
-        'stroke-linejoin',
-        'stroke-miterlimit',
-        'stroke-opacity',
-        'stroke-width',
-        'systemLanguage',
-        'target',
-        'text-anchor',
-        'to',
-        'transform',
-        'type',
-        'u1',
-        'u2',
-        'underline-position',
-        'underline-thickness',
-        'unicode',
-        'unicode-range',
-        'units-per-em',
-        'values',
-        'version',
-        'viewBox',
-        'visibility',
-        'width',
-        'widths',
-        'x',
-        'x-height',
-        'x1',
-        'x2',
-        'xlink:actuate',
-        'xlink:arcrole',
-        'xlink:href',
-        'xlink:role',
-        'xlink:show',
-        'xlink:title',
-        'xlink:type',
-        'xml:base',
-        'xml:lang',
-        'xml:space',
-        'xmlns',
-        'xmlns:xlink',
-        'y',
-        'y1',
-        'y2',
-        'zoomAndPan',
+        "accent-height",
+        "accumulate",
+        "additive",
+        "alphabetic",
+        "arabic-form",
+        "ascent",
+        "attributeName",
+        "attributeType",
+        "baseProfile",
+        "bbox",
+        "begin",
+        "by",
+        "calcMode",
+        "cap-height",
+        "class",
+        "color",
+        "color-rendering",
+        "content",
+        "cx",
+        "cy",
+        "d",
+        "descent",
+        "display",
+        "dur",
+        "dx",
+        "dy",
+        "end",
+        "fill",
+        "fill-opacity",
+        "fill-rule",
+        "font-family",
+        "font-size",
+        "font-stretch",
+        "font-style",
+        "font-variant",
+        "font-weight",
+        "from",
+        "fx",
+        "fy",
+        "g1",
+        "g2",
+        "glyph-name",
+        "gradientUnits",
+        "hanging",
+        "height",
+        "horiz-adv-x",
+        "horiz-origin-x",
+        "id",
+        "ideographic",
+        "k",
+        "keyPoints",
+        "keySplines",
+        "keyTimes",
+        "lang",
+        "marker-end",
+        "marker-mid",
+        "marker-start",
+        "markerHeight",
+        "markerUnits",
+        "markerWidth",
+        "mathematical",
+        "max",
+        "min",
+        "name",
+        "offset",
+        "opacity",
+        "orient",
+        "origin",
+        "overline-position",
+        "overline-thickness",
+        "panose-1",
+        "path",
+        "pathLength",
+        "points",
+        "preserveAspectRatio",
+        "r",
+        "refX",
+        "refY",
+        "repeatCount",
+        "repeatDur",
+        "requiredExtensions",
+        "requiredFeatures",
+        "restart",
+        "rotate",
+        "rx",
+        "ry",
+        "slope",
+        "stemh",
+        "stemv",
+        "stop-color",
+        "stop-opacity",
+        "strikethrough-position",
+        "strikethrough-thickness",
+        "stroke",
+        "stroke-dasharray",
+        "stroke-dashoffset",
+        "stroke-linecap",
+        "stroke-linejoin",
+        "stroke-miterlimit",
+        "stroke-opacity",
+        "stroke-width",
+        "systemLanguage",
+        "target",
+        "text-anchor",
+        "to",
+        "transform",
+        "type",
+        "u1",
+        "u2",
+        "underline-position",
+        "underline-thickness",
+        "unicode",
+        "unicode-range",
+        "units-per-em",
+        "values",
+        "version",
+        "viewBox",
+        "visibility",
+        "width",
+        "widths",
+        "x",
+        "x-height",
+        "x1",
+        "x2",
+        "xlink:actuate",
+        "xlink:arcrole",
+        "xlink:href",
+        "xlink:role",
+        "xlink:show",
+        "xlink:title",
+        "xlink:type",
+        "xml:base",
+        "xml:lang",
+        "xml:space",
+        "xmlns",
+        "xmlns:xlink",
+        "y",
+        "y1",
+        "y2",
+        "zoomAndPan",
     }
 
     svg_attr_map = None
     svg_elem_map = None
 
     acceptable_svg_properties = {
-        'fill',
-        'fill-opacity',
-        'fill-rule',
-        'stroke',
-        'stroke-linecap',
-        'stroke-linejoin',
-        'stroke-opacity',
-        'stroke-width',
+        "fill",
+        "fill-opacity",
+        "fill-rule",
+        "stroke",
+        "stroke-linecap",
+        "stroke-linejoin",
+        "stroke-opacity",
+        "stroke-width",
     }
 
-    def __init__(self, encoding=None, _type='application/xhtml+xml'):
+    def __init__(self, encoding=None, _type="application/xhtml+xml"):
         super().__init__(encoding, _type)
 
         self.unacceptablestack = 0
@@ -752,17 +754,20 @@ class HTMLSanitizer(BaseHTMLProcessor):
                 self.unacceptablestack += 1
 
             # add implicit namespaces to html5 inline svg/mathml
-            if self._type.endswith('html'):
-                if not dict(attrs).get('xmlns'):
-                    if tag == 'svg':
-                        attrs.append(('xmlns', 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'))
-                    if tag == 'math':
-                        attrs.append(('xmlns', 'http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML'))
+            if self._type.endswith("html"):
+                if not dict(attrs).get("xmlns"):
+                    if tag == "svg":
+                        attrs.append(("xmlns", "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"))
+                    if tag == "math":
+                        attrs.append(("xmlns", "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"))
 
             # not otherwise acceptable, perhaps it is MathML or SVG?
-            if tag == 'math' and ('xmlns', 'http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML') in attrs:
+            if (
+                tag == "math"
+                and ("xmlns", "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML") in attrs
+            ):
                 self.mathmlOK += 1
-            if tag == 'svg' and ('xmlns', 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg') in attrs:
+            if tag == "svg" and ("xmlns", "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg") in attrs:
                 self.svgOK += 1
 
             # chose acceptable attributes based on tag class, else bail
@@ -789,20 +794,20 @@ class HTMLSanitizer(BaseHTMLProcessor):
 
         # declare xlink namespace, if needed
         if self.mathmlOK or self.svgOK:
-            if any((a for a in attrs if a[0].startswith('xlink:'))):
-                if not ('xmlns:xlink', 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink') in attrs:
-                    attrs.append(('xmlns:xlink', 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'))
+            if any(a for a in attrs if a[0].startswith("xlink:")):
+                if not ("xmlns:xlink", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink") in attrs:
+                    attrs.append(("xmlns:xlink", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"))
 
         clean_attrs = []
         for key, value in self.normalize_attrs(attrs):
-            if key == 'style' and 'style' in acceptable_attributes:
+            if key == "style" and "style" in acceptable_attributes:
                 clean_value = self.sanitize_style(value)
                 if clean_value:
                     clean_attrs.append((key, clean_value))
             elif key in acceptable_attributes:
                 key = keymap.get(key, key)
                 # make sure the uri uses an acceptable uri scheme
-                if key == 'href':
+                if key == "href":
                     value = make_safe_absolute_uri(value)
                 clean_attrs.append((key, value))
         super().unknown_starttag(tag, clean_attrs)
@@ -812,11 +817,11 @@ class HTMLSanitizer(BaseHTMLProcessor):
             if tag in self.unacceptable_elements_with_end_tag:
                 self.unacceptablestack -= 1
             if self.mathmlOK and tag in self.mathml_elements:
-                if tag == 'math' and self.mathmlOK:
+                if tag == "math" and self.mathmlOK:
                     self.mathmlOK -= 1
             elif self.svgOK and tag in self.svg_elements:
                 tag = self.svg_elem_map.get(tag, tag)
-                if tag == 'svg' and self.svgOK:
+                if tag == "svg" and self.svgOK:
                     self.svgOK -= 1
             else:
                 return
@@ -834,35 +839,43 @@ class HTMLSanitizer(BaseHTMLProcessor):
 
     def sanitize_style(self, style):
         # disallow urls
-        style = re.compile(r'url\s*\(\s*[^\s)]+?\s*\)\s*').sub(' ', style)
+        style = re.compile(r"url\s*\(\s*[^\s)]+?\s*\)\s*").sub(" ", style)
 
         # gauntlet
-        if not re.match(r"""^([:,;#%.\sa-zA-Z0-9!]|\w-\w|'[\s\w]+'|"[\s\w]+"|\([\d,\s]+\))*$""", style):
-            return ''
+        if not re.match(
+            r"""^([:,;#%.\sa-zA-Z0-9!]|\w-\w|'[\s\w]+'|"[\s\w]+"|\([\d,\s]+\))*$""",
+            style,
+        ):
+            return ""
         # This replaced a regexp that used re.match and was prone to
         # pathological back-tracking.
-        if re.sub(r"\s*[-\w]+\s*:\s*[^:;]*;?", '', style).strip():
-            return ''
+        if re.sub(r"\s*[-\w]+\s*:\s*[^:;]*;?", "", style).strip():
+            return ""
 
         clean = []
         for prop, value in re.findall(r"([-\w]+)\s*:\s*([^:;]*)", style):
             if not value:
                 continue
             if prop.lower() in self.acceptable_css_properties:
-                clean.append(prop + ': ' + value + ';')
-            elif prop.split('-')[0].lower() in ['background', 'border', 'margin', 'padding']:
+                clean.append(prop + ": " + value + ";")
+            elif prop.split("-")[0].lower() in [
+                "background",
+                "border",
+                "margin",
+                "padding",
+            ]:
                 for keyword in value.split():
                     if (
-                            keyword not in self.acceptable_css_keywords
-                            and not self.valid_css_values.match(keyword)
+                        keyword not in self.acceptable_css_keywords
+                        and not self.valid_css_values.match(keyword)
                     ):
                         break
                 else:
-                    clean.append(prop + ': ' + value + ';')
+                    clean.append(prop + ": " + value + ";")
             elif self.svgOK and prop.lower() in self.acceptable_svg_properties:
-                clean.append(prop + ': ' + value + ';')
+                clean.append(prop + ": " + value + ";")
 
-        return ' '.join(clean)
+        return " ".join(clean)
 
     def parse_comment(self, i, report=1):
         ret = super().parse_comment(i, report)
@@ -870,7 +883,7 @@ class HTMLSanitizer(BaseHTMLProcessor):
             return ret
         # if ret == -1, this may be a malicious attempt to circumvent
         # sanitization, or a page-destroying unclosed comment
-        match = re.compile(r'--[^>]*>').search(self.rawdata, i+4)
+        match = re.compile(r"--[^>]*>").search(self.rawdata, i + 4)
         if match:
             return match.end()
         # unclosed comment; deliberately fail to handle_data()
@@ -879,20 +892,20 @@ class HTMLSanitizer(BaseHTMLProcessor):
 
 def sanitize_html(html_source, encoding, _type):
     p = HTMLSanitizer(encoding, _type)
-    html_source = html_source.replace('
-RE_ENTITY_PATTERN = re.compile(br'^\s*]*?)>', re.MULTILINE)
+RE_ENTITY_PATTERN = re.compile(rb"^\s*]*?)>", re.MULTILINE)
 
 # Match XML DOCTYPE declarations.
 # Example: 
-RE_DOCTYPE_PATTERN = re.compile(br'^\s*]*?)>', re.MULTILINE)
+RE_DOCTYPE_PATTERN = re.compile(rb"^\s*]*?)>", re.MULTILINE)
 
 # Match safe entity declarations.
 # This will allow hexadecimal character references through,
@@ -900,51 +913,62 @@ RE_DOCTYPE_PATTERN = re.compile(br'^\s*]*?)>', re.MULTILINE)
 # Example: cubed "³"
 # Example: copyright "(C)"
 # Forbidden: explode1 "&explode2;&explode2;"
-RE_SAFE_ENTITY_PATTERN = re.compile(br'\s+(\w+)\s+"(&#\w+;|[^&"]*)"')
+RE_SAFE_ENTITY_PATTERN = re.compile(rb'\s+(\w+)\s+"(&#\w+;|[^&"]*)"')
 
 
-def replace_doctype(data):
-    """Strips and replaces the DOCTYPE, returns (rss_version, stripped_data)
+def replace_doctype(data: bytes) -> tuple[str | None, bytes, dict[str, str]]:
+    """Strip and replaces the DOCTYPE.
 
-    rss_version may be 'rss091n' or None
-    stripped_data is the same XML document with a replaced DOCTYPE
+    One RSS format -- Netscape's RSS 0.91 -- is identified within the XML declaration.
+    Therefore, this function must identify that version while replacing the DOCTYPE.
+
+    As a convenience to the loose XML parser, entities are pre-computed and returned.
+
+    The tuple that is returned has the following values, in order:
+
+    1.  The version extracted from the XML DOCTYPE.
+        The value will either be "rss091n" or None.
+    2.  Binary XML content with a replaced DOCTYPE.
+    3.  A dictionary of entities and replacements.
     """
 
+    # Verify this looks like an XML feed.
+    if not re.match(rb"^\s*<", data):
+        return None, data, {}
+
     # Divide the document into two groups by finding the location
     # of the first element that doesn't begin with '\n\n]>'
+            replacement = (
+                b"\n\n]>"
+            )
     data = RE_DOCTYPE_PATTERN.sub(replacement, head) + data
 
     # Precompute the safe entities for the loose parser.
-    safe_entities = {
-        k.decode('utf-8'): v.decode('utf-8')
+    entities = {
+        k.decode("utf-8"): v.decode("utf-8")
         for k, v in RE_SAFE_ENTITY_PATTERN.findall(replacement)
     }
-    return version, data, safe_entities
+    return version, data, entities
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/sgml.py b/lib/feedparser/sgml.py
index b5dbdbc3..21735431 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/sgml.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/sgml.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -27,20 +27,20 @@
 
 import re
 
-import sgmllib # type: ignore[import]
+import sgmllib3k as sgmllib
 
 __all__ = [
-    'sgmllib',
-    'charref',
-    'tagfind',
-    'attrfind',
-    'entityref',
-    'incomplete',
-    'interesting',
-    'shorttag',
-    'shorttagopen',
-    'starttagopen',
-    'endbracket',
+    "sgmllib",
+    "charref",
+    "tagfind",
+    "attrfind",
+    "entityref",
+    "incomplete",
+    "interesting",
+    "shorttag",
+    "shorttagopen",
+    "starttagopen",
+    "endbracket",
 ]
 
 # sgmllib defines a number of module-level regular expressions that are
@@ -49,20 +49,20 @@ __all__ = [
 # names, and the compiled code objects of several sgmllib.SGMLParser
 # methods are copied into _BaseHTMLProcessor so that they execute in
 # feedparser's scope instead of sgmllib's scope.
-charref = re.compile(r'&#(\d+|[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+);')
-tagfind = re.compile(r'[a-zA-Z][-_.:a-zA-Z0-9]*')
+charref = re.compile(r"&#(\d+|[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+);")
+tagfind = re.compile(r"[a-zA-Z][-_.:a-zA-Z0-9]*")
 attrfind = re.compile(
     r"""\s*([a-zA-Z_][-:.a-zA-Z_0-9]*)[$]?(\s*=\s*"""
     r"""('[^']*'|"[^"]*"|[][\-a-zA-Z0-9./,:;+*%?!&$()_#=~'"@]*))?"""
 )
 
 # Unfortunately, these must be copied over to prevent NameError exceptions
-entityref = sgmllib.entityref
-incomplete = sgmllib.incomplete
-interesting = sgmllib.interesting
-shorttag = sgmllib.shorttag
-shorttagopen = sgmllib.shorttagopen
-starttagopen = sgmllib.starttagopen
+entityref = sgmllib.SGMLParser.entityref
+incomplete = sgmllib.SGMLParser.incomplete
+interesting = sgmllib.SGMLParser.interesting
+shorttag = sgmllib.SGMLParser.shorttag
+shorttagopen = sgmllib.SGMLParser.shorttagopen
+starttagopen = sgmllib.SGMLParser.starttagopen
 
 
 class _EndBracketRegEx:
@@ -70,12 +70,12 @@ class _EndBracketRegEx:
         # Overriding the built-in sgmllib.endbracket regex allows the
         # parser to find angle brackets embedded in element attributes.
         self.endbracket = re.compile(
-            r'('
+            r"("
             r"""[^'"<>]"""
             r"""|"[^"]*"(?=>|/|\s|\w+=)"""
             r"""|'[^']*'(?=>|/|\s|\w+=))*(?=[<>])"""
             r"""|.*?(?=[<>]"""
-            r')'
+            r")"
         )
 
     def search(self, target, index=0):
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/urls.py b/lib/feedparser/urls.py
index 623f030a..2579443b 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/urls.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/urls.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -37,103 +37,116 @@ from .html import BaseHTMLProcessor
 #   https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/URI_scheme
 # Many more will likely need to be added!
 ACCEPTABLE_URI_SCHEMES = (
-    'file', 'ftp', 'gopher', 'h323', 'hdl', 'http', 'https', 'imap', 'magnet',
-    'mailto', 'mms', 'news', 'nntp', 'prospero', 'rsync', 'rtsp', 'rtspu',
-    'sftp', 'shttp', 'sip', 'sips', 'snews', 'svn', 'svn+ssh', 'telnet',
-    'wais',
+    "file",
+    "ftp",
+    "gopher",
+    "h323",
+    "hdl",
+    "http",
+    "https",
+    "imap",
+    "magnet",
+    "mailto",
+    "mms",
+    "news",
+    "nntp",
+    "prospero",
+    "rsync",
+    "rtsp",
+    "rtspu",
+    "sftp",
+    "shttp",
+    "sip",
+    "sips",
+    "snews",
+    "svn",
+    "svn+ssh",
+    "telnet",
+    "wais",
     # Additional common-but-unofficial schemes
-    'aim', 'callto', 'cvs', 'facetime', 'feed', 'git', 'gtalk', 'irc', 'ircs',
-    'irc6', 'itms', 'mms', 'msnim', 'skype', 'ssh', 'smb', 'svn', 'ymsg',
+    "aim",
+    "callto",
+    "cvs",
+    "facetime",
+    "feed",
+    "git",
+    "gtalk",
+    "irc",
+    "ircs",
+    "irc6",
+    "itms",
+    "mms",
+    "msnim",
+    "skype",
+    "ssh",
+    "smb",
+    "svn",
+    "ymsg",
 )
 
-_urifixer = re.compile('^([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9+-.]*://)(/*)(.*?)')
+_urifixer = re.compile("^([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9+-.]*://)(/*)(.*?)")
 
 
 def _urljoin(base, uri):
-    uri = _urifixer.sub(r'\1\3', uri)
+    uri = _urifixer.sub(r"\1\3", uri)
     try:
         uri = urllib.parse.urljoin(base, uri)
     except ValueError:
-        uri = ''
+        uri = ""
     return uri
 
 
-def convert_to_idn(url):
-    """Convert a URL to IDN notation"""
-    # this function should only be called with a unicode string
-    # strategy: if the host cannot be encoded in ascii, then
-    # it'll be necessary to encode it in idn form
-    parts = list(urllib.parse.urlsplit(url))
-    try:
-        parts[1].encode('ascii')
-    except UnicodeEncodeError:
-        # the url needs to be converted to idn notation
-        host = parts[1].rsplit(':', 1)
-        newhost = []
-        port = ''
-        if len(host) == 2:
-            port = host.pop()
-        for h in host[0].split('.'):
-            newhost.append(h.encode('idna').decode('utf-8'))
-        parts[1] = '.'.join(newhost)
-        if port:
-            parts[1] += ':' + port
-        return urllib.parse.urlunsplit(parts)
-    else:
-        return url
-
-
 def make_safe_absolute_uri(base, rel=None):
     # bail if ACCEPTABLE_URI_SCHEMES is empty
     if not ACCEPTABLE_URI_SCHEMES:
-        return _urljoin(base, rel or '')
+        return _urljoin(base, rel or "")
     if not base:
-        return rel or ''
+        return rel or ""
     if not rel:
         try:
             scheme = urllib.parse.urlparse(base)[0]
         except ValueError:
-            return ''
+            return ""
         if not scheme or scheme in ACCEPTABLE_URI_SCHEMES:
             return base
-        return ''
+        return ""
     uri = _urljoin(base, rel)
-    if uri.strip().split(':', 1)[0] not in ACCEPTABLE_URI_SCHEMES:
-        return ''
+    if uri.strip().split(":", 1)[0] not in ACCEPTABLE_URI_SCHEMES:
+        return ""
     return uri
 
 
 class RelativeURIResolver(BaseHTMLProcessor):
     relative_uris = {
-        ('a', 'href'),
-        ('applet', 'codebase'),
-        ('area', 'href'),
-        ('audio', 'src'),
-        ('blockquote', 'cite'),
-        ('body', 'background'),
-        ('del', 'cite'),
-        ('form', 'action'),
-        ('frame', 'longdesc'),
-        ('frame', 'src'),
-        ('iframe', 'longdesc'),
-        ('iframe', 'src'),
-        ('head', 'profile'),
-        ('img', 'longdesc'),
-        ('img', 'src'),
-        ('img', 'usemap'),
-        ('input', 'src'),
-        ('input', 'usemap'),
-        ('ins', 'cite'),
-        ('link', 'href'),
-        ('object', 'classid'),
-        ('object', 'codebase'),
-        ('object', 'data'),
-        ('object', 'usemap'),
-        ('q', 'cite'),
-        ('script', 'src'),
-        ('source', 'src'),
-        ('video', 'poster'),
-        ('video', 'src'),
+        ("a", "href"),
+        ("applet", "codebase"),
+        ("area", "href"),
+        ("audio", "src"),
+        ("blockquote", "cite"),
+        ("body", "background"),
+        ("del", "cite"),
+        ("form", "action"),
+        ("frame", "longdesc"),
+        ("frame", "src"),
+        ("iframe", "longdesc"),
+        ("iframe", "src"),
+        ("head", "profile"),
+        ("img", "longdesc"),
+        ("img", "src"),
+        ("img", "usemap"),
+        ("input", "src"),
+        ("input", "usemap"),
+        ("ins", "cite"),
+        ("link", "href"),
+        ("object", "classid"),
+        ("object", "codebase"),
+        ("object", "data"),
+        ("object", "usemap"),
+        ("q", "cite"),
+        ("script", "src"),
+        ("source", "src"),
+        ("video", "poster"),
+        ("video", "src"),
     }
 
     def __init__(self, baseuri, encoding, _type):
@@ -145,8 +158,14 @@ class RelativeURIResolver(BaseHTMLProcessor):
 
     def unknown_starttag(self, tag, attrs):
         attrs = self.normalize_attrs(attrs)
-        attrs = [(key, ((tag, key) in self.relative_uris) and self.resolve_uri(value) or value) for key, value in attrs]
-        super(RelativeURIResolver, self).unknown_starttag(tag, attrs)
+        attrs = [
+            (
+                key,
+                ((tag, key) in self.relative_uris) and self.resolve_uri(value) or value,
+            )
+            for key, value in attrs
+        ]
+        super().unknown_starttag(tag, attrs)
 
 
 def resolve_relative_uris(html_source, base_uri, encoding, type_):
diff --git a/lib/feedparser/util.py b/lib/feedparser/util.py
index 9e1516cf..bcf0f61e 100644
--- a/lib/feedparser/util.py
+++ b/lib/feedparser/util.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2010-2022 Kurt McKee 
+# Copyright 2010-2023 Kurt McKee 
 # Copyright 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -30,22 +30,22 @@ import warnings
 
 class FeedParserDict(dict):
     keymap = {
-        'channel': 'feed',
-        'items': 'entries',
-        'guid': 'id',
-        'date': 'updated',
-        'date_parsed': 'updated_parsed',
-        'description': ['summary', 'subtitle'],
-        'description_detail': ['summary_detail', 'subtitle_detail'],
-        'url': ['href'],
-        'modified': 'updated',
-        'modified_parsed': 'updated_parsed',
-        'issued': 'published',
-        'issued_parsed': 'published_parsed',
-        'copyright': 'rights',
-        'copyright_detail': 'rights_detail',
-        'tagline': 'subtitle',
-        'tagline_detail': 'subtitle_detail',
+        "channel": "feed",
+        "items": "entries",
+        "guid": "id",
+        "date": "updated",
+        "date_parsed": "updated_parsed",
+        "description": ["summary", "subtitle"],
+        "description_detail": ["summary_detail", "subtitle_detail"],
+        "url": ["href"],
+        "modified": "updated",
+        "modified_parsed": "updated_parsed",
+        "issued": "published",
+        "issued_parsed": "published_parsed",
+        "copyright": "rights",
+        "copyright_detail": "rights_detail",
+        "tagline": "subtitle",
+        "tagline_detail": "subtitle_detail",
     }
 
     def __getitem__(self, key, _stacklevel=2):
@@ -53,28 +53,29 @@ class FeedParserDict(dict):
         :return: A :class:`FeedParserDict`.
         """
 
-        if key == 'category':
+        if key == "category":
             try:
-                return dict.__getitem__(self, 'tags')[0]['term']
+                return dict.__getitem__(self, "tags")[0]["term"]
             except IndexError:
                 raise KeyError("object doesn't have key 'category'")
-        elif key == 'enclosures':
+        elif key == "enclosures":
             return [
-                FeedParserDict([(name, value) for (name, value) in link.items() if name != 'rel'])
-                for link in dict.__getitem__(self, 'links')
-                if link['rel'] == 'enclosure'
+                FeedParserDict(
+                    [(name, value) for (name, value) in link.items() if name != "rel"]
+                )
+                for link in dict.__getitem__(self, "links")
+                if link["rel"] == "enclosure"
             ]
-        elif key == 'license':
-            for link in dict.__getitem__(self, 'links'):
-                if link['rel'] == 'license' and 'href' in link:
-                    return link['href']
-        elif key == 'updated':
+        elif key == "license":
+            for link in dict.__getitem__(self, "links"):
+                if link["rel"] == "license" and "href" in link:
+                    return link["href"]
+        elif key == "updated":
             # Temporarily help developers out by keeping the old
             # broken behavior that was reported in issue 310.
             # This fix was proposed in issue 328.
-            if (
-                    not dict.__contains__(self, 'updated')
-                    and dict.__contains__(self, 'published')
+            if not dict.__contains__(self, "updated") and dict.__contains__(
+                self, "published"
             ):
                 warnings.warn(
                     "To avoid breaking existing software while "
@@ -85,12 +86,11 @@ class FeedParserDict(dict):
                     DeprecationWarning,
                     stacklevel=_stacklevel,
                 )
-                return dict.__getitem__(self, 'published')
-            return dict.__getitem__(self, 'updated')
-        elif key == 'updated_parsed':
-            if (
-                    not dict.__contains__(self, 'updated_parsed')
-                    and dict.__contains__(self, 'published_parsed')
+                return dict.__getitem__(self, "published")
+            return dict.__getitem__(self, "updated")
+        elif key == "updated_parsed":
+            if not dict.__contains__(self, "updated_parsed") and dict.__contains__(
+                self, "published_parsed"
             ):
                 warnings.warn(
                     "To avoid breaking existing software while "
@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@ class FeedParserDict(dict):
                     DeprecationWarning,
                     stacklevel=_stacklevel,
                 )
-                return dict.__getitem__(self, 'published_parsed')
-            return dict.__getitem__(self, 'updated_parsed')
+                return dict.__getitem__(self, "published_parsed")
+            return dict.__getitem__(self, "updated_parsed")
         else:
             realkey = self.keymap.get(key, key)
             if isinstance(realkey, list):
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ class FeedParserDict(dict):
         return dict.__getitem__(self, key)
 
     def __contains__(self, key):
-        if key in ('updated', 'updated_parsed'):
+        if key in ("updated", "updated_parsed"):
             # Temporarily help developers out by keeping the old
             # broken behavior that was reported in issue 310.
             # This fix was proposed in issue 328.